Commentary for Nedarim 122:9

עד שיעבור הקיץ עד שיכפלו המקצועות: תנא עד שיכפילו רוב המקצועות

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. [IF HE VOWS,] 'UNTIL THE HARVEST, 'UNTIL THE VINTAGE, OR, UNTIL THE OLIVE HARVEST,' HE IS FORBIDDEN (ONLY UNTIL IT ARRIVES. THIS IS A GENERAL RULE WHATEVER HAS A FIXED TIME AND ONE VOWS, 'UNTIL IT ARRIVES, HE IS FORBIDDEN UNTIL IT ARRIVES; IF HE DECLARES, 'UNTIL IT BE', HE IS FORBIDDEN UNTIL IT GOES. BUT WHATEVER HAS NO FIXED TIME, WHETHER ONE VOWS, 'UNTIL IT BE,' OR 'UNTIL IT ARRIVES,' HE IS FORBIDDEN ONLY UNTIL IT ARRIVES. [IF HE SAYS,] 'UNTIL THE SUMMER [HARVEST],'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The time for this is not fixed. ');">⁸</span> OR, 'UNTIL THE SUMMER [HARVEST] SHALL BE,' [HE IS FORBIDDEN] UNTIL PEOPLE BEGIN TO BRING [THE FIGS] HOME IN BASKETS;' UNTIL THE SUMMER [HARVEST] IS PAST,' [IT MEANS] UNTIL THE KNIVES<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Used for cutting off the figs from the tree. ');">⁹</span> ARE FOLDED UP [AND LAID AWAY].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Other meanings: until the figs are arranged in layers; until the matting, on which the gigs are dried, is folded up. ');">¹⁰</span> <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. A tanna taught: The basket referred to is the basket of figs, not of grapes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he is forbidden only until the figs are brought in in baskets, not the grapes, which are gathered in slightly later. ');">¹¹</span> It was taught: He who vows [abstinence] from summer fruits, is forbidden only figs. R. Simeon b. Gamaliel said: Grapes are include din figs.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., in summer fruits. ');">¹²</span> What is the reason of the first Tanna? He holds that figs are plucked off by hand, whilst grapes are not plucked off by hand;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H], the Heb. for summer (fruits), denotes the gathering or plucking (of the fruits). But as grapes are cut off from the vine with a pruning knife, the term is inapplicable in their case. ');">¹³</span> whereas R. Simeon b. Gamaliel maintains, Grapes too are plucked off by hand when quite ripe.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'when about to be detached' (from the tree). Asheri. [Rashi: 'overripe'. Jast: 'when their stems are thin', cf. Ran.] ');">¹⁴</span> UNTIL THE SUMMER [HARVEST] IS PAST,' [IT MEANS] UNTIL THE KNIVES ARE FOLDED UP [AND LAID AWAY]. A Tanna taught: Until most of the knives have been put away.

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