Commentary for Yoma 163:6

ת"ש דתני רבה בר שמואל תינוקות אין מענין אותן ביוה"כ אבל מחנכין אותן שנה או שתים סמוך לפירקן בשלמא לר' יוחנן ניחא אלא לרב הונא ולרב נחמן קשיא אמרי לך רבנן מאי חינוך נמי דקתני השלמה

But according to R'Johanan, there is a difficulty!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whereas R. Huna and R. Nahman could explain 'BEFORE' as meaning 'before they are obliged by Rabbinic law' to fast to the end of the day. R. Johanan holds there is no Rabbinic ordinance compelling children to fast to the end of the day, and would be unable to account for this text.');">⁶</span> R'Johanan will tell you: 'One or two years before means: before their reaching maturity.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His answer is simple; 'before' means 'before maturity', when yet the obligation to fast to the end of the day does not apply.');">⁷</span> Come and hear: For Rabbah B'Samuel taught: One does not afflict children on the Day of Atonement, but one trains them a year, or two, before their attaining maturity.

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