Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Halakhah for Bava Metzia 221:20

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מני מתני' לא תנא קמא דמאחיך ולא רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה מאי היא דתניא

BUT IF HIS SET TIME PASSED,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e. if the set time has lapsed. ');"><sup>35</sup></span> HE CANNOT SWEAR AND RECEIVE PAYMENT; YET IF HE HAS WITNESSES THAT HE DEMANDED PAYMENT (WITHIN THE SET TIME),<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Some texts rightly omit bracketed words, v. infra P. 113a.] ');"><sup>36</sup></span> HE CAN [STILL] SWEAR AND RECEIVE IT. ONE IS SUBJECT TO [THE LAW], AT HIS DAY THOU SHALT GIVE HIM HIS HIRE, IN RESPECT OF A RESIDENT ALIEN,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' v, p. 407, n. 8. ');"><sup>37</sup></span> BUT NOT TO THAT OF, THE WAGES OF HIM THAT IS HIRED SHALL NOT ABIDE WITH THEE UNTIL THE MORNING. <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. Who is the authority for our Mishnah? [For] it is neither the first Tanna who interpreted '<i>of thy brethren'</i>, or R. Jose son of R. Judah. To what is the reference? — It has been taught:

Sefer HaChinukh

To not oppress: To not hold on to that which is in our hand of someone else's by way of force or delay or deception - like delinquents who delay people, saying, "Go and return," so as to cause that what is in their hand of someone else's to remain with them. And this is an extremely bad trait, and [so] our perfect Torah distanced us from it and warned us about it in this place, as it is written (Leviticus 19:13), "You shall not oppress your neighbor" - as one who holds the money of someone else in this manner that we said is called an oppressor. And also included in oppression is anyone who is liable specific money to his fellow and he oppresses him, such as one who suppresses the wage of a wage worker and similar to it. As we do not require that the money actually come from the hand of the oppressed to the hand of the oppressor; but rather anyone that has a claim of specific money against him and he delays it as a result of his violence or any angle of deception is called an oppressor. And even though oppression, robbery and theft are one matter even if the act of one is different from the another, as the intention of the three of them is that a man not take that which is someone else's in any way; since people pilfer each other in these three ways, Scripture specified all of them and warned about each one on its own. And similar to this is what they, may their memory be blessed, said in Metzia (Bava Metzia 111a), "Rava said, 'This is oppression, this is [also] robbery. And [so] why did Scripture divide them [and specify each one]? To [have one who commits it] transgress two negative commandments.'"
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