Quoting%20commentary for Ketubot 202:20

לעולם דלא קאמר להו אתם עדיי והכא במאי עסקינן דא"ל חייב אני לך מנה בשטר רבי יוחנן אמר חייב אלימא מילתא דשטרא כמאן דאמר להו אתם עדים דמי ר"ל אמר פטור לא אלימא מילתא דשטרא

The fact is that [the dispute relates to a case] where he did not say, “You are my witnesses,” but here we are dealing [with the case of a person] who said to another, “I owe you a maneh” in a document R. Yohanan says: He is liable, because the contents of a document have the same strength as if he said, “You are my witnesses,” but Resh Lakish says: He is exempt, because the contents of a document do not have legal force.

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