Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Reference for Bava Kamma 74:14

אמרי מאי קא סבר ר"ש אי רעהו דוקא אפילו של הדיוט שנגח של הקדש ליפטר ואי רעהו לאו דוקא אפילו דהקדש נמי כי נגח דהדיוט ליחייב

NOT [THAT IS TO SAY] AN OX CONSECRATED TO THE TEMPLE. <font>WHERE AN OX BELONGING TO AN ISRAELITE HAS GORED AN OX BELONGING TO A CANAANITE, THERE IS NO LIABILITY</font>,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As Canaanites did not recognise the laws of social justice, they did not impose any liability for damage done by cattle. They could consequently not claim to be protected by a law they neither recognised nor respected, cf. J. T. a.l. and Maim. Yad, Niz. Mam. VIII, 5. [In ancient Israel as in the modern state the legislation regulating the protection of life and property of the stranger was, as Guttmann. M. (HUCA. III 1 ff.) has shown, on the basis of reciprocity. Where such reciprocity was not recognised, the stranger could not claim to enjoy the same protection of the law as the citizen.] ');"><sup>12</sup></span>

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