Reference for Eruvin 163:19

וכמה כבר ארבע כבר חמש

are those where one was,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Sabbath eve'');">²⁸</span> or was not informed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That an 'erub has been prepared. By ACCEPTED the former case was intended, the 'erub being valid, on the principle of retrospective selection, even though the acceptance was not decided upon before dusk. By AFTER DISK the latter case was meant, the 'erub being invalid because no retrospective selection is possible where the man was not even aware of the 'erub's existence.');">²⁹</span> R'Assi said: A child of the age of six may go out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Beyond the Sabbath limits.');">³⁰</span> by the 'erub of his mother.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even though she did not explicitly confer upon him the right of a share in it. A child of six is deemed to be entirely attached to, and dependent upon his mother and she is, therefore, tacitly assumed to have meant him to enjoy the same privileges of the 'erub as she herself. Cf. Keth., Sonc. ed., p. 397, n. 7.');">³¹</span> An objection was raised: A child who is dependent upon his mother goes out by his mother's 'erub but one who is not dependent upon his mother does not go out by her 'erub;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why then did R. Assi draw no such distinction?');">³²</span> and<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Were you to reply that a child of the age of six is deemed to be 'dependent upon his mother'.');">³³</span> we also learned a similar ruling in respect of a sukkah:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">³⁴</span> 'A child who is not dependent upon his mother is liable<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rabbinically, as a part of his religious training. Pentateuchally he is exempt.');">³⁵</span> to the obligations of sukkah',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Suk. 28a.');">³⁶</span> and when the point was raised as to what child may be regarded as independent of his mother it was explained at the school of R'Jannai: Any child who, when attending to his needs, does not require his mother's assistance.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'does not clear him'.');">³⁷</span> R'Simeon B'Lakish explained: Any child who, when awaking, does not cry mother.' Mother!' Is this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That impliedly a child that does cry mother must be regarded as dependent upon her.');">³⁸</span> imaginable? Do not bigger children also cry mother? Rather say: Any child who, when he wakes, does not persistently cry mother.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'mother, mother'.');">³⁹</span> And what [is the age of such a child]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who may be regarded as independent of his mother.');">⁴⁰</span> About four<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If well developed.');">⁴¹</span> or five!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If less developed. At any rate it follows that a child of the age of five at the latest is deemed to be independent of his mother. How then could R. Assi maintain that a child of six may go out by his mother's 'erub?');">⁴²</span>

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