Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Avodah Zarah 53

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1

ברופא מומחה דכי אתא רב דימי א"ר יוחנן אם היה מומחה לרבים מותר

It has been stated: From where do we know that circumcision by a non Jew is invalid? Daru b. Papa said in the name of Rav: You shall keep my covenant (Gen 17:9). R. Yohanan said: Circumcised he hall be circumcised (Gen 17:13) - he who is circumcised shall circumcise. Rather there is between them - a woman. He who said: You shall keep my covenant - this isn't a possibility, for a woman isn't a bat- mila, and he who said Circumcised he shall be circumcised - this is a possibility, for a woman, too, is as if she is circumcised.

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2

וסבר רבי יהודה כותי שפיר דמי והתניא ישראל מל את הכותי וכותי לא ימול ישראל מפני שמל לשם הר גרזים דברי רבי יהודה

And is there anyone who could say that a woman isn't able to? But it says: "So Zipporah took a flint an cut off her son's foreskin" (Ex 4:25)! Read it as:"she caused someone to take". But is says, "and cut off"! Read it as:"she caused someone to cut off". And if you want, you can say, she started it, and Moshe came and finished it.

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3

אמר לו רבי יוסי וכי היכן מצינו מילה מן התורה לשמה אלא מל והולך עד שתצא נשמתו

R. Yose said to him: Where in the Torah do we find that circumcision must be performed specifically for its purpose? Rather he may go on performing it until the day of his death.

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4

אלא לעולם איפוך כדאפכינן מעיקרא ודקא קשיא דרבי יהודה אדר' יהודה ההיא דרבי יהודה הנשיא היא

Rather we must then reverse names as we did before, and as to the difficulty that R. Judah contradicts R. Judah— the former opinion should be ascribed to

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5

דתניא רבי יהודה הנשיא אומר מנין למילה בעובד כוכבים שהיא פסולה ת"ל ואתה את בריתי תשמור

R. Judah the Prince. For it has been taught: R. Judah the Prince says: From where do we learn that circumcision performed by a non-Jew is invalid? Scripture says, “And as for you, you shall keep my covenant.”

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6

אמר רב חסדא מאי טעמא דרבי יהודה דכתיב לה' המול ורבי יוסי המול ימול

R. Hisda: What is the reasoning of R. Judah? As it is written, “To the Lord, he shall circumcise” (Exodus 12:48). And R. Yose, “Circumcise, he shall circumcise” (Genesis 17:13)

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7

ואידך הכתיב לה' המול ההוא בפסח כתיב ואידך נמי הכתיב המול ימול דברה תורה כלשון בני אדם

But as to the other [R. Yose], is it not written “the Lord he shall circumcise? That refers to the Pesah sacrifice. as to the other [R. Judah] is it not written, “Circumcise, he shall circumcise”? The Torah speaks in human language.

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8

איתמר מנין למילה בעובד כוכבים שהיא פסולה דרו בר פפא משמיה דרב אמר ואתה את בריתי תשמור ורבי יוחנן המול ימול

It has been stated: From where do we know that circumcision performed by a non-Jew is invalid? Daru b. Papa said in the name of Rav: [From the words,] “And as for you, you shall keep my covenant.” While R. Yohanan: “Circumcise, you shall surely circumcise” [which he reads as if it says “he who is circumcised shall circumcise.”

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9

מאי בינייהו ערבי מהול וגבנוני מהול איכא בינייהו מאן דאמר המול ימול איכא ומ"ד את בריתי תשמור ליכא

What practical difference is there between these two? The case of a circumcised Arab or a circumcised Gibeonite: According to the one who said, “he who is circumcised shall circumcise” he may, but according to the one who says, “And as for you, you shall keep my covenant.”

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10

ולמאן דאמר המול ימול איכא והתנן קונם שאני נהנה מן הערלים מותר בערלי ישראל ואסור במולי עובדי כוכבים אלמא אף על גב דמהילי כמאן דלא מהילי דמו

But according to the one who says, “He who is circumcised shall circumcise” is he really allowed, have we not learned, [He who says], “I vow not to derive benefit anything belonging to uncircumcised persons,” may derive benefit from uncircumcised Israelites, but may not derive benefit from circumcised non-Jew. Thus, even though they are circumcised it is as if they are uncircumcised.

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11

אלא איכא בינייהו ישראל שמתו אחיו מחמת מילה ולא מלוהו למ"ד ואתה את בריתי תשמור איכא למאן דאמר המול ימול ליכא

Rather they differ in the case of an Israelite whose brothers died because of circumcision so that he was not circumcised: according to the one who says, “You shall keep my covenant” he may: while according to the one who says, “He who is circumcised shall circumcise,” he may not.

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12

ולמ"ד המול ימול ליכא והתנן קונם שאני נהנה ממולים אסור בערלי ישראל ומותר במולי עובדי כוכבים אלמא אע"ג דלא מהילי כמאן דמהילי דמו

And to the one who said, “He who is circumcised shall circumcise” he may not? Have we not learned: [He who says,] “I vow not to derive benefit from anything belonging to circumcised persons, must not derive benefit from uncircumcised Israelites, but may derive benefit from circumcised non-Jews: which proves that Israelites who are not circumcised are considered as circumcised.

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13

אלא איכא בינייהו אשה למ"ד ואתה את בריתי תשמור ליכא דאשה לאו בת מילה היא ולמ"ד המול ימול איכא דאשה כמאן דמהילא דמיא

Rather they differ in the case of a woman. According to the one who says “You shall keep my covenant,” she may not circumcise, since a woman is not subject to circumcision, while according to the one who says “He who is circumcised shall circumcise,” she may, for a woman it is as if she is circumcised.

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14

ומי איכא למאן דאמר אשה לא והכתיב (שמות ד, כה) ותקח צפורה צר קרי ביה ותקח והכתיב ותכרות קרי ביה ותכרת דאמרה לאיניש אחרינא ועבד ואיבעית אימא אתיא איהי ואתחלה ואתא משה ואגמרה:

But does anyone really hold that a woman is not [qualified to perform circumcision]. Is it not written, “Then Zipporah took a flint” (Exodus 4:25)? Read it, “she caused to be taken.” But it also says, “And she cut off!” Read it, “And she caused it to be cut off,” by asking another person, a man, to do it. Or you may say it means that she only began and Moses came and completed it.

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15

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> מתרפאין מהן ריפוי ממון אבל לא ריפוי נפשות ואין מסתפרין מהן בכל מקום דברי רבי מאיר וחכמים אומרים ברה"ר מותר אבל לא בינו לבינו:

We may allow them to heal us when the healing relates to money, but not personal healing; Nor should we have our hair cut by them in any place, this is the opinion of Rabbi Meir. But the Sages said: in a public place it is permitted, but not when the two persons are alone.

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16

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאי ריפוי ממון ומאי ריפוי נפשות אילימא ריפוי ממון בשכר ריפוי נפשות בחנם ליתני מתרפאין מהן בשכר אבל לא בחנם

GEMARA. What is “healing relating to money” and what is “personal healing”? Shall we say that “healing relating to money” means for payment and “personal healing” free? Then the Mishnah should have said: We may allow them to heal us for payment but not free!

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17

אלא ריפוי ממון דבר שאין בו סכנה ריפוי נפשות דבר שיש בו סכנה והאמר רב יהודה אפילו ריבדא דכוסילתא לא מתסינן מינייהו

Rather “healing related to money” must therefore mean where no danger is involved and “personal healing” where there is danger. But has not Rav Judah said: Even the wound over a bloodletting incision should not be healed by them?

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18

אלא ריפוי ממון בהמתו ריפוי נפשות גופיה והיינו דאמר רב יהודה אפילו ריבדא דכוסילתא לא מתסינן מינייהו

Rather, “healing related to money” therefore relates to one's cattle, and personal healing to one's own body, about which Rav Judah said: Even the wound over a bloodletting incision should not be healed by them.

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19

אמר רב חסדא אמר מר עוקבא אבל אם אמר לו סם פלוני יפה לו סם פלוני רע לו מותר

R. Hisda said in the name of Mar Ukba: But if he said to him that such and such medicine is good for him and such and such medicine is bad for him, it is permitted [to follow his advice]

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