Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Avodah Zarah 94

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1

נידון מחצה על מחצה

it is judged as being half and half.

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2

אבניו עציו ועפרו מטמאין כשרץ שנאמר (דברים ז, כו) שקץ תשקצנו

Its stones, timber and rubbish defile like a creeping thing, as it says, “you shall utterly detest it” (Deut. 7:26). ]

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3

ר"ע אומר כנדה שנאמר (ישעיהו ל, כב) תזרם כמו דוה צא תאמר לו מה נדה מטמאה במשא אף עבודת כוכבים מטמאה במשא:

Rabbi Akiba says: [it defiles] like a menstruous woman, as it says, “[and you will treat as unclean the silver overlay of your images and the golden plating of your idols]. You will cast them away like a menstruous woman. Out, you will call to them” (Isaiah 30:22), just as a menstruous woman impurifies [an object] by carrying it, so also an idolatrous object defiles by its being carried.

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4

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> והא קא מרווח לעבודת כוכבים א"ר חנינא מסורא דעבד ליה בית הכסא

GEMARA. But [by doing so] he enlarges the space for the idolatrous shrine! Hanina of Sura said: He should use [the four cubits] for constructing a toilet.

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5

והא בעי צניעותא דעבד ליה בית הכסא דלילה

But it needs to be in a place of modesty. He should make a toilet for use at night.

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6

והא אמר מר איזהו צנוע הנפנה בלילה במקום שנפנה ביום ואע"ג דאוקימנא בכדרך מיהו צניעותא בעי למעבד

But behold a Master has said: Who is modest? He who relieves himself at night in the same place where he relieves himself by day! And although we explain that the phrase “in the same place” is to be understood as “in the same manner,” still it is necessary to be in a place of modesty!

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7

דעבד ליה לתינוקות

He should, then, make [a toilet] for children;

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8

א"נ דגדיר ליה בהיזמי והינגי:

or let him fence in the space with thorns and shrubs.

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9

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> שלשה בתים הן בית שבנאו מתחלה לעבודת כוכבים הרי זה אסור סיידו וכיידו לעבודת כוכבים וחידש נוטל מה שחידש הכניס לתוכה עבודת כוכבים והוציאה הרי זה מותר:

There are three types of shrines: A shrine originally built for idolatrous worship, behold this is prohibited. If one plastered and tiled [an ordinary house] for idolatry and renovated it, one may remove the renovations [and it becomes permitted]. If he had only brought an idol into it and taken it out again, [the house] is permitted.

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10

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב המשתחוה לבית אסרו אלמא קסבר תלוש ולבסוף חברו כתלוש דמי והאנן בנאו תנן

GEMARA. Rav said: If one worshipped a house, he has rendered it prohibited. Thus he holds that an object which is not attached to the ground and subsequently becomes attached is like a detached object. But the Mishnah deals with a shrine built [originally for idolatry]!

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11

בנאו אע"פ שלא השתחוה לו השתחוה אע"פ שלא בנאו א"ה הני שלשה ארבעה הוו

[The prohibition applies to a shrine] built [originally for idolatry] although nobody has yet worshipped in it, and to one in which somebody worshipped although he had not built it. If so, instead of three [types in the Mishnah] there should be four!

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12

כיון דלענין ביטול בנה והשתחוה חד קא חשיב ליה:

Since with regard to annulment, building [the shrine] and worshipping it are considered one, it lists them together.

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13

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> שלש אבנים הן אבן שחצבה מתחלה לבימוס הרי זו אסורה סיידה וכיידה לשם עבודת כוכבים נוטל מה שסייד וכייד ומותרת העמיד עליה עבודת כוכבים וסילקה הרי זו מותרת:

There are three kinds of [idolatrous] stones: A stone which a man hewed originally to serve as a pedestal [for an idol] — behold this is prohibited. If one plastered and tiled [a stone] for idolatry, one may remove the plaster and tile, and it is then permitted. If he set an idol upon it and took it off, behold [the stone] is permitted.

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14

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> א"ר אמי והוא שסייד וכייד בגופה של אבן

GEMARA. R. Ami said: [It is only prohibited] if he plastered or tiled in the stone itself.

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15

והא דומיא דבית תנן ובית לאו בגופיה הוא ומיתסר בית נמי איכא ביני אורבי

But it was taught as analogous to a house; and in the case of a house [the plastering] was not inserted into the material and yet it is prohibited! Also with the house there is [plastering] in between the bricks.

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16

מי לא עסקינן דשייע והדר שייעיה

[Since, however, the Mishnah does not mention this,] may we not be dealing with a case where he plastered [a house not for idolatry] and then plastered it again [for idolatry]?

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17

אלא כי אתמר דרבי אמי לענין ביטול אתמר ואע"ג דסייד וכייד בגופה של אבן כי נטל מה שחידש שפיר דמי

Rather R. Ami was referring to annulment, and although he plastered and tiled in the stone itself, if he removes the renovation, it is all right.

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18

דמהו דתימא כיון שסייד וכייד בגופה של אבן כאבן שחצבה מתחלה לעבודת כוכבים דמיא ותיתסר כולה קמ"ל:

For what might you have said? Since he plastered and tiled in the material of the stone, it is analogous to a stone which had been originally hewn for idolatry and the whole of it is prohibited. Therefore he teaches us [that it is not so].

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