Bava Batra 334:1

כותבין שטר ללוה אע"פ שאין מלוה עמו ואין כותבין למלוה עד שיהא לוה עמו והלוה נותן שכר

A BOND MAY BE WRITTEN FOR A BORROWER THOUGH THE LENDER IS NOT PRESENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'with him'. ');">¹</span> IT [MUST] NOT, HOWEVER, BE WRITTEN FOR THE LENDER UNLESS THE BORROWER IS WITH HIM. THE FEE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the writing of the document. ');">²</span> IS PAID BY THE BORROWER. A DEED [OF SALE] MAY BE WRITTEN FOR THE SELLER IN THE ABSENCE OF THE BUYER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'though the buyer is not with him'. ');">³</span>

כותבין שטר למוכר אע"פ שאין לוקח עמו ואין כותבין ללוקח עד שיהא מוכר עמו והלוקח נותן שכר

IT [MUST] NOT BE WRITTEN, HOWEVER, FOR THE BUYER UNLESS THE SELLER IS PRESENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 728. n. 13. ');">⁴</span> THE FEE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. loc. cit. n. 14. ');">⁵</span> IS TO BE PAID BY THE BUYER. DEEDS OF BETROTHAL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Agreements between the parties on the amounts promised. Cf. Keth. 102b. ');">⁶</span>

אין כותבין שטרי אירוסין ונשואין אלא מדעת שניהם והחתן נותן שכר

AND MARRIAGE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Kethubah contracts. ');">⁷</span> ARE NOT TO BE WRITTEN EXCEPT WITH THE CONSENT OF BOTH PARTIES, AND THE FEE IS PAID BY THE BRIDE GROOM. A CONTRACT OF TENANCY ON SHARES<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The tenant giving the landowner an agreed portion of the crops. ');">⁸</span> OR ON A FIXED RENTAL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A certain fixed amount irrespective of the yield of the land. ');">⁹</span>

אין כותבין שטר אריסות וקבלנות אלא מדעת שניהם והמקבל נותן שכר

IS NOT WRITTEN EXCEPT WITH THE APPROVAL OF BOTH PARTIES, AND THE FEE IS PAID BY THE TENANT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the receiver', i.e., 'he who undertook the work'. ');">¹⁰</span> DEEDS OF ARBITRATION<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. Shetare berurin, [H] V. Gemara, infra. ');">¹¹</span> AND ALL [OTHER] JUDICIAL DOCUMENTS ARE NOT WRITTEN EXCEPT WITH THE APPROVAL OF BOTH PARTIES, AND BOTH PAY THE FEE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the preparation of the shetare berurin. ');">¹²</span>

אין כותבין שטרי בירורין וכל מעשה ב"ד אלא מדעת שניהם ושניהם נותנין שכר רשב"ג אומר לשניהם כותבין שנים לזה לעצמו ולזה לעצמו:

RABBAN SIMEON B. GAMALIEL SAID; TWO [DEEDS] MAY BE WRITTEN<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By the witnesses. ');">¹³</span> FOR THE TWO PARTIES, ONE FOR EACH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'to this for himself and to&nbsp;… himself'. ');">¹⁴</span> <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. What [is meant by] PROVIDED THEY ARE KNOWN? — Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: Provided the name of the man is known<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To the scribe and witnesses. ');">¹⁵</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאי ובלבד שיהא מכירן אמר רב יהודה אמר רב ובלבד שיהא מכיר שם האיש בגט ושם האשה בשובר

[in the case of] a letter of divorce,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that a false name might not be given, and the document presented to the wife of the man bearing that name. The woman would then on producing the letter of divorce be able to collect the kethubah from her husband, even though she did not produce a written kethubah. Cf. Keth. 89b. ');">¹⁶</span> and the name of the woman in [the case of] a receipt.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' She might give the name of a woman who has been divorced and has not received what was due to her as her kethubah, and present the document to the man who would use it as proof that he discharged his obligation to his divorced wife. ');">¹⁷</span> R. Safra and R. Aha b. Huna and R. Huna b. Hinena sat [together] and Abaye [also] was sitting with then, and, while they were in session,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'sat', i.e., delivering, or listening to lectures and discussing them. ');">¹⁸</span>

יתיב רב ספרא ורב אחא בר הונא ורב הונא בר חיננא ויתיב אביי גבייהו ויתבי וקמיבעיא להו שם האיש בגט אין שם האשה לא שם האשה בשובר אין שם האיש לא

they raised [the following] question: [Why is] the name of the man required<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'yes'. ');">¹⁹</span> [to be known] in [the case of] a letter of divorce, [and] not the name of the woman; [and] the name of the woman [and] not that of the man in [the case of] a receipt? [Surely] there is reason to fear that one might write<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., obtain a scribe and witnesses to write it for him. ');">²⁰</span> a letter of divorce and give<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'go and bring'. ');">²¹</span>

וליחוש דלמא כתב גיטא ואזיל וממטי ליה לאיתתיה דהיאך

it to the wife of another person;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whose name might be identical with his own. ');">²²</span> and sometimes a woman might procure the writing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'go (and) write'. ');">²³</span> of a receipt and give it to a strange<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'who is not hers'. ');">²⁴</span>

וזמנין אזלא כתבה אשה שובר ויהבה לגברא דלאו דילה

man!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whose wife might bear the same name as hers. ');">²⁵</span> — Abaye said to them: Thus said Rab, 'The name of the man<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Must be known. ');">²⁶</span> in [the case of] a letter of divorce, and the same law [applies] to the name of the woman; the name of the woman<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Must be known. ');">²⁶</span>

אמר להו אביי הכי אמר רב שם האיש בגט והוא הדין לשם האשה שם האשה בשובר והוא הדין לשם האיש

in [the case of] a receipt and the same law [applies] to the name of the man'. But is [there no reason] to apprehend<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even where the names of the parties are known. ');">²⁷</span> [that there might be a case] of two [persons of the name of] Joseph b. Simeon<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., husbands and wives bearing respectively the same names. ');">²⁸</span>

וליחוש לשני יוסף בן שמעון הדרים בעיר אחת דלמא כתיב גיטא ואזיל וממטי ליה לאיתתיה דהיאך אמר להו רב אחא בר הונא הכי אמר רב שני יוסף בן שמעון הדרים בעיר אחת אין מגרשין נשותיהן אלא זה בפני זה

living in the same town [and that one of them] might write<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., instruct a scribe and witnesses to write it for him. ');">²⁹</span> a letter of divorce and deliver<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'and go (and) bring'. ');">³⁰</span> it to the other's wife? — R. Aha b. Huna said to them: Thus said Rab: Two [persons of the name of] Joseph son of Simeon who live in one town, must not divorce their wives except in the presence of each other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If one of them divorces his wife the other must be present. ');">³¹</span>

וליחוש דלמא אזיל למתא אחריתא ומחזיק ליה לשמיה ביוסף בן שמעון וכתיב גיטא וממטי ליה לאיתתיה דהיאך

Is [there no reason], however, to apprehend<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to the Tanna of our Mishnah who requires the names of the parties to be known in order to guard against the possibility of the use of the document by the wrong party. ');">³²</span> that [a person] might go to another town and make his name [there] known as Joseph b. Simeon and [then] would write<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., instruct a scribe and witnesses to write it for him. ');">²⁹</span> a letter of divorce<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In his adopted name. ');">³³</span>

אמר להו רב הונא בר חיננא הכי אמר רב כל שהוחזק שמו בעיר שלשים יום אין חוששין לו

and carry it to the wife of that person?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whose real name is Joseph b. Simeon: and the woman would thus be able to prove that she had been divorced. ');">³⁴</span> — R. Huna b. Hinena said to them: Thus said Rab; Provided one's name was known in a town [for] thirty days, he need not be suspected.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the name by which he is known is not his real name. No one, it is assumed, would venture to go under a false name for so long a period, for fear of being discovered. ');">³⁵</span> What [is the law where one's name] is not known?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How are the scribe and witnesses to decide whether the name submitted to them is the genuine one? ');">³⁶</span>

לא איתחזק מאי אמר אביי דקרו ליה ועני רב זביד אמר רמאה ברמאותיה זהיר

Abaye said, Where they<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The persons preparing the letter of divorce. ');">³⁷</span> call him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Suddenly, unexpectedly. ');">³⁸</span> and he answers.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One would not respond, it is assumed, to a name which is not really his. ');">³⁹</span>

ההוא תברא דהוה חתים עלה רב ירמיה בר אבא אתיא לקמיה ההיא איתתא אמרה ליה לאו אנא הואי אמר אנא נמי אמרי להו לאו איהי היא ואמרו לי מיקש הוא דקשא לה ובגר לה קלא

R. Zebid said, 'A deceiver is vigilant in his deceit'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And would, therefore, respond when called by his false name. The genuineness of a name cannot consequently be determined unless a person was known by that name for a sufficiently long period. ');">⁴⁰</span> A certain receipt [was produced] on which the signature of R. Jeremiah b. Abba appeared. The woman,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'that woman, on whose behalf the receipt was written. ');">⁴¹</span> [however], came before him [and] said to him, 'It was not I',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who authorised the writing of the receipt. ');">⁴²</span>

אמר אביי אע"ג דאמור רבנן

'I also said to them'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The other witnesses who signed the document with him. ');">⁴³</span> [R. Jeremiah] replied, '[that] it was not she';<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Judging by her voice which was different from that which he heard at the time he signed the receipt. ');">⁴⁴</span> but they<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The other witnesses who signed the document with him. ');">⁴³</span> told me, 'She has grown old and her voice has become rough'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With which opinion R. Jeremiah, after consideration, concurred. ');">⁴⁵</span> Said Abaye: Although the Rabbis said,