Bekhorot 107

אשכחן תירוש ויצהר

We have found that wine and oil [cannot be tithed for each other].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Seeing that the expression 'The best' is used in connection with each.');">¹</span>

תירוש ודגן דגן ודגן מנין

Whence do we derive that this applies to wine and grain<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since in connection with these, Scripture does not mention 'the best' in every case, but only with reference to wine.');">²</span>

ק"ו

or grain and grain?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Wheat for barley or barley for wheat.');">³</span>

ומה תירוש ויצהר שאינן כלאים זה בזה אין מתעשרין מזה על זה

We deduce this a minori [as follows]: If in the case of wine and oil which are not counted as diverse kinds in regard to one another,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Vine and olives not being treated as diverse kinds when sown together.');">⁴</span>

תירוש ודגן דגן ודגן שהם כלאים זה בזה אינו דין שלא יתעשרו מזה על זה

you must not tithe one for the other, all th more must wine and grain or grain and grain, which are counted as diverse kinds in regard to one another,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A mixture of two kinds of grain constitutes 'diverse kinds' rabbinically. A mixture also of grain and vine constitutes 'diverse kinds' of the vineyard and is biblically forbidden.');">⁵</span>

ולרבי יאשיה דאמר

not be tithed one for the other.

עד שיזרע חטה ושעורה וחרצן במפולת יד היכי מייתי לה

But according to the opinion of R'Josaiah who said: [The law of diverse kinds does not apply] until one has sowed a wheat-seed, a barley-seed and a grape kernel with one and the same throw, how can you adduce this [argument]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since three seeds are necessary to cause 'diverse kinds', a mixture of two different grains or a mixture of vine and grain does not constitute 'diverse kinds'.');">⁶</span>

מייתי לה הכי

He adduces it as follows: If in the case of wine and oil which are not counted as diverse kinds in regard to one another, even through the sowing of another seed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If he sowed a third seed, either wheat or barley, they are not considered 'diverse kinds' unless there are present two different kinds of grain.');">⁷</span>

ומה תירוש ויצהר שאינן כלאים זה בזה אפי' על ידי דבר אחר אין מתעשרין מזה על זה

you must not tithe one for the other, all the more must wine and grain or grain and grain, which are counted as diverse kinds in regard to one another through the sowing of another seed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the case of two kinds of grain, by sowing a vine and in the case of a vine and grain, by sowing barley or wheat.');">⁸</span>

תירוש ודגן דגן ודגן שהן כלאים זה בזה על ידי דבר אחר אינו דין שלא יתעשרו מזה על זה

not be tithed one for the other.

ושני מינין בעלמא מנלן

And whence do we know that you must not tithe generally any two other kinds<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As e.g., beans and lentils, which are not grain.');">⁹</span>

הני דרבנן נינהו וכל דתקינו רבנן כעין דאורייתא תקינו מה דאורייתא שני מינין אינן מתעשרין מזה על זה דרבנן נמי

[one for the other]? - [The tithing of] these<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Biblically, tithing applies only to grain, wine and oil.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר ליה רבא בר רב חנן לאביי

is a rabbinical enactment and all the enactments of the Rabbis have the same scope as the [corresponding] biblical enactment.

אלא מעתה גבי מעשר בהמה דלא כתיב (ויקרא כז, לב) וכל מעשר בקר ומעשר צאן

Hence just as two kinds which are ordained biblically must not be tithed one for the other, so also [two kinds] which are ordained rabbinically must not be tithed one for the other. Said R'Abba B'Memel to R'Ammi: According to this,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since you say above that the expression 'the best' used in each case with reference to wine and oil is for the purpose of forbidding tithing one for the other.');">¹¹</span> in the case of the tithing of animals, since Scripture does not say: 'And concerning the tithe of the herd, and the tithe of the flock'