Bekhorot 83

Chapter 83

א אלמה תניא (ויקרא כז ג) הזכר ולא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס סמי מיכן טומטום
1 Why then is it taught: [Scripture says]: 'Of the male',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXVII, 3.');"><sup>1</sup></span> [intimating] the exclusion of a tumtum and a hermaphrodite?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' We therefore see that a tumtum is not included in the law of valuation.');"><sup>2</sup></span> - Delete tumtum from this [Baraitha].
ב ת"ש יכול לא יהא בערך איש אבל יהא בערך אשה ת"ל הזכר אם נקבה ולא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס סמי מיכן טומטום
2 Come and hear: You might think that the case of a tumtum or that of a hermaphrodite is not included in the [law of] valuation relating to a man but is included in the law of valuation of a woman.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' There being a difference in the valuation between the sexes. otu');"><sup>3</sup></span> There are two texts, therefore, 'Of the male', 'And if it be a female',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 4. And from the additional we derive the law of tumtum and hermaphrodite. The text cannot therefore exclude this for the reason that it is a doubtful animal as to sex, for there is no doubt before Heaven, the revealer of the Law. Therefore the exclusion of a tumtum must be, because it is considered a creature apart, so that this raises a difficulty with reference to R. Hisda's ruling above.');"><sup>4</sup></span> [intimating] the exclusion of tumtum and hermaphrodite. - Delete tumtum from this [Baraitha].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As, from the text, we can only exclude the case of a hermaphrodite.');"><sup>5</sup></span> Come and hear: [Scripture says]: ' Whether it be a male or a female',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. III, 6. In connection with a peace-offering.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ג ת"ש (ויקרא ג, א) אם זכר אם נקבה זכר ודאי נקבה ודאית ולא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס סמי מיכן טומטום
3 [intimating], the exclusion of a tumtum and a hermaphrodite?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the exclusion here of a tumtum cannot be because of the uncertainty of its sex, since a peace-offering is brought from either sex. The reason therefore must be because a tumtum is regarded as a creature apart and distinct from others.');"><sup>7</sup></span> - Delete tumtum from this [Baraitha]. Come and hear: [Scripture says]: 'A male',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. I, 3 with reference to a burnt-offering.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ד ת"ש הזכר ולא נקבה כשהוא אומר למטה זכר שאין ת"ל מה ת"ל להוציא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס סמי מיכן טומטום
4 [intimating] but not a female. When therefore [Scripture] repeats below 'a male'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 10.');"><sup>9</sup></span> which there is no need to say, it intimates the exclusion of a tumtum and a hermaphrodite.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 41b.');"><sup>10</sup></span> - Delete tumtum from [the Baraitha]. Come and hear: [Doves] worshipped as an idol or assigned to idolatrous purposes or a harlot's hire [as an offering] or the price obtaining by selling a harlot [and brought as an offering], or a tumtum or a hermaphrodite, - all these make garments unclean by [contact with one's] oesophagus.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., in the process of eating it. This is the manner of defilement by the nebelah (carcase) of a clean bird. The pinching (v. Lev. I, 15) is not recognized as valid, since the birds are not regarded as consecrated sacrifices. But except for the fact that we regard a tumtum as a creature apart, why should not the pinching be valid, for in the case of birds the sex is immaterial?');"><sup>11</sup></span>
ה ת"ש הנעבד והמוקצה והאתנן והמחיר וטומטום ואנדרוגינוס כולן מטמאין בגדים אבית הבליעה
5 R'Eleazar says: tumtum and a hermaphrodite do not make the garments unclean of one who eats them. For R'Eleazar used to say: Wherever you find [in the Scriptures] 'Male' or 'Female', you exclude the case of a tumtum or a hermaphrodite therefrom.
ו ר"א אומר טומטום ואנדרוגינוס אין מטמאין בגדים אבית הבליעה שהיה ר"א אומר כל מקום שנאמר זכר ונקבה אתה מוציא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס מביניהם
6 But in the case of a bird, since [Scripture] does not in that connection mention 'Male' or 'Female', you do not exclude the case of a tumtum or a hermaphrodite!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And an objection to R. Hisda can be urged even from R. Eleazar's teaching, for only with reference to birds does he not exclude tumtum etc. but otherwise where the text says 'Male' or 'Female', tumtum and a hermaphrodite are excluded, the reason clearly being because they are regarded as creatures apart; v. Yeb. 83b.');"><sup>12</sup></span> - Delete tumtum from this [Baraitha]. Come and hear: R'Eleazar said: trefah, kil'ayim,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The product of a cross-breeding of animals.');"><sup>13</sup></span> a foetus extracted by means of the caesarean section, tumtum and a hermaphrodite cannot become consecrated, nor can they cause consecration.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Yeb. ');"><sup>14</sup></span>
ז ועוף הואיל ולא נאמר בו זכר ונקבה אין אתה מוציא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס מביניהם סמי מיכן טומטום
7 And Samuel explained this as follows: They do not become consecrated in substitution<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even a substitution which has effect on a blemished animal both becoming holy, has no effect on the cases enumerated here.');"><sup>15</sup></span> nor do they cause consecration by effecting substitution.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If they are holy (having received their holiness through their mothers, as the offspring of consecrated animals) they do not cause the other animal improperly sub stituted for them to become holy as well. Now if a tumtum is a doubtful animal as regards sex, why should it not become holy?');"><sup>16</sup></span>
ח ת"ש ר' אלעזר אומר הטריפה והכלאים ויוצא דופן טומטום ואנדרוגינוס לא קדושים ולא מקדישין
8 - Delete tumtum from this [passage]. Come and hear: R'Eleazar says: There are five instances where animals do not become consecrated nor cause consecration and they are these' Trefah, kil'ayim. a foetus extracted by means of the caesarean section, tumtum and a hermaphrodite.
ט ואמר שמואל לא קדושים בתמורה ולא מקדישין לעשות תמורה סמי מיכן טומטום
9 And were you to assume that here also the answer is 'Delete tumtum from here,' then R'Eleazar has only brought four instances? - Omit tumtum and include the case of an orphaned [animal].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The case of an animal whose mother died during or soon after childbirth, which is disqualified as a sacrifice. V. Hul. 38b.');"><sup>17</sup></span> May we say that Tannaim differ on this point?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., R. Hisda's ruling, one Tanna holding that it is a different creature, entirely, and the other that it is a doubtful animal as regards sex.');"><sup>18</sup></span> [For it was taught]: R'Elai reported in the name of R'Ishmael: A hermaphrodite is considered a firstling with a blemish, whereas the Sages say: Holiness cannot attach to it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it is regarded as a creature apart.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
י ת"ש ר' אלעזר אומר חמשה לא קדושים ולא מקדישין ואלו הן הטריפה והכלאים ויוצא דופן וטומטום ואנדרוגינוס וכי תימא ה"נ סמי מיכן טומטום הוו להו ארבעה אפיק טומטום ועייל יתום
10 R'Simeon B'Judah reported in the name of R'Simeon: Scripture says that 'The male' and wherever the text says 'A male' its object is to exclude tumtum and a hermaphrodite.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For a tumtum is also a creature apart. V. supra ');"><sup>20</sup></span> And should you say 'Delete tumtum from this [passage]' then the view of R'Simeon B'Judah would be identical with that of the Rabbis? Must you not therefore say that the difference between them lies in the case of a tumtum, the first Tanna [quoted above], [the Sages] maintaining that the ruling 'Holiness cannot attach to it' refers to a hermaphrodite, whereas a tumtum is considered a doubtful animal [as regards sex], and therefore it can be holy owing to this uncertainty. Thereupon comes R'Simeon
יא לימא כתנאי רבי אילעאי אומר משום ר' ישמעאל אנדרוגינוס בכור הוא ומומו עמו וחכמים אומרים אין קדושה חלה עליו ר"ש בן יהודה אומר משום ר"ש הרי הוא אומר הזכר וכל מקום שנאמר זכר אינו אלא להוציא טומטום ואנדרוגינוס
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יב וכי תימא סמי מיכן טומטום ר"ש בן יהודה היינו רבנן אלא לאו טומטום איכא בינייהו דת"ק סבר אין קדושה חלה עליו אאנדרוגינוס אבל טומטום ספיקא הוא וקדוש מספיקא ואתא רבי שמעון
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