Chullin 83

Chapter 83

א מהו דתימא

1 - No, for you might say that if his wife had given birth to a child it would be known to all,1

ב אם איתא דילדה קלא הוה ליה קא משמע לן אימר אפולי אפיל:

2 he therefore teaches us [that the slaughtering in this case is invalid] for it is possible that she had a miscarriage.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And this fact might not be known to all. It is to be noted that Rashi omits the statements of R. Eleazar and R. Abbahu from the Gemara, although he arrives at the same conclusions by logical argument.');">2

ג <big>הדרן עלך השוחט</big>

3 <big>MISHNAH: </big>THE FOLLOWING [DEFECTS]4

ד מתני׳ <big>אלו</big> טרפות בבהמה

4 RENDER CATTLE TREFAH: [I] IF THE GULLET WAS PIERCED;5

ה נקובת הוושט ופסוקת הגרגרת

5 [II] OR THE WINDPIPE SEVERED; [III] IF THE MEMBRANE OF THE BRAIN WAS PIERCED; [IV] IF THE HEART WAS PIERCED AS FAR AS THE CAVITY THEREOF; [V] IF THE SPINE WAS BROKEN AND THE CORD SEVERED;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The fracture of the spine is not a defect by itself; the defect here is that the cord has been severed and this is usually caused by a fracture of the spine. xrf ,uxufv ,hc');">6

ו ניקב קרום של מוח ניקב הלב לבית חללו נשברה השדרה ונפסק החוט שלה ניטל הכבד ולא נשתייר הימנו כלום

6 [VI] IF THE LIVER WAS GONE AND NAUGHT REMAINED; [VII] IF THE LUNG WAS PIERCED, [VIII] OR WAS DEFICIENT (R'SIMEON SAYS, PROVIDED IT WAS PIERCED AS FAR AS THE MAIN BRONCHI) ; [IX] IF THE ABOMASUM,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are the four stomachs common to all ruminants. The food first passes into the Rumen, , thence into the Reticulum, , xxnv vche thence into the Omasum, , and finally into the stomach proper or the Abomasum, .');">7

ז הריאה שניקבה או שחסרה

7 [X] OR THE GALL-BLADDER, [XI] OR THE INTESTINES WERE PIERCED; [XII] IF THE INNER8

ח ר"ש אומר

8 RUMEN<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are the four stomachs common to all ruminants. The food first passes into the Rumen, , thence into the Reticulum, , xxnv vche thence into the Omasum, , and finally into the stomach proper or the Abomasum, .');">7

ט עד שתינקב לבית הסמפונות

9 WAS PIERCED, [XIII] OR THE GREATER PART OF THE OUTER8

י ניקבה הקבה ניקבה המרה ניקבו הדקין

10 COVERING TORN (R'JUDAH SAYS, IN A LARGE ANIMAL IF IT WAS TORN TO THE EXTENT OF A HANDBREADTH, AND IN A SMALL ANIMAL IF THE GREATER PART OF IT WAS TORN) ; [XIX] IF THE OMASUM<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are the four stomachs common to all ruminants. The food first passes into the Rumen, , thence into the Reticulum, , xxnv vche thence into the Omasum, , and finally into the stomach proper or the Abomasum, .');">7

יא הכרס הפנימית שניקבה או שנקרע רוב החיצונה

11 [XV] OR RETICULUM<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are the four stomachs common to all ruminants. The food first passes into the Rumen, , thence into the Reticulum, , xxnv vche thence into the Omasum, , and finally into the stomach proper or the Abomasum, .');">7

יב רבי יהודה אומר

12 WAS PIERCED ON THE OUTSIDE;9

יג הגדולה טפח והקטנה ברובה

13 [XVI] IF THE ANIMAL FELL FROM THE ROOF; [XVII] IF MOST OF ITS RIBS WERE FRACTURED; [XVIII] OR IF IT WAS CLAWED<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. , lit., 'trodden'; in its technical sense it means 'struck by the fore-paw or claw of a beast or bird of prey whereby poison is discharged and enters the body of the victim'.');">10

יד המסס ובית הכוסות שניקבו לחוץ

14 BY A WOLF (R'JUDAH SAYS, SMALL CATTLE [ARE TREFAH] IF CLAWED BY A WOLF, LARGE CATTLE IF CLAWED BY A LION; SMALL FOWL IF CLAWED BY A HAWK, LARGE FOWL IF CLAWED BY A FALCON).11

טו נפלה מן הגג

15 THIS IS THE RULE: IF AN ANIMAL WITH A SIMILAR DEFECT COULD NOT CONTINUE TO LIVE,12

טז נשתברו רוב צלעותיה

16 IT IS TREFAH.

יז ודרוסת הזאב

17 <big>GEMARA: </big>R'Simeon B'Lakish said: Where do we find in the Torah an allusion to trefah? - Where [you ask]?

יח רבי יהודה אומר

18 Is it not written: Ye shall not eat flesh that is torn of beasts [trefah] in the field?13

יט דרוסת הזאב בדקה ודרוסת ארי בגסה דרוסת הנץ בעוף הדק ודרוסת הגס בעוף הגס

19 The question was: Where do we find in the Torah the view that a trefah animal cannot continue to live?

כ זה הכלל

20 For from the last clause of the Mishnah, THIS IS THE RULE: IF AN ANIMAL WITH A SIMILAR DEFECT COULD NOT CONTINUE TO LIVE, IT IS TREFAH, it follows that a trefah animal cannot continue to live.

כא כל שאין כמוה חיה טרפה:

21 Where then do we find it in the Torah? - It is written: These are the living things which ye may eat,14

כב <big>גמ׳</big> א"ר שמעון בן לקיש

22 that is, that which can continue to live15

כג רמז לטרפה מן התורה מנין

23 you may eat, but that which cannot continue to live you may not eat; hence a trefah animal cannot continue to live.16

כד מנין

24 And as to the one who holds the view that a trefah animal can continue to live, [it will be asked]: where do we find this view indicated [in the Torah]? - It is indicated in the verse: These are the living things which ye may eat, for it means, these living things you may eat but other living things you may not eat; hence a trefah animal can continue to live.

כה (שמות כב, ל) ובשר בשדה טרפה לא תאכלו

25 And for what purpose does the first teacher use the word 'these'? - He requires it for the following exposition of a Tanna of the school of R'Ishmael.

כו אלא רמז לטרפה שאינה חיה מן התורה מנין דקתני סיפא זה הכלל

26 For a Tanna of the school of R'Ishmael expounded: The verse: These are the living things which ye may eat, indicates that the Holy One, blessed be He, took hold of one of each species of animal, showed it to Moses and said to him, 'This you may eat and this you may not eat'.

כז כל שאין כמוה חיה טרפה מכלל דטרפה אינה חיה מנא לן

27 But does not the second teacher also require this word for the exposition of the Tanna of the school of R'Ishmael? - Indeed, he does.

כח דכתיב

28 Where then is it indicated [in the Torah] that a trefah animal can continue to live? - It is indicated in the exposition of another verse also by a Tanna of the school of R'Ishmael.

כט (ויקרא יא, ב) וזאת החיה אשר תאכלו חיה אכול שאינה חיה לא תיכול מכלל דטרפה לא חיה

29 For a Tanna of the school of R'Ishmael expounded: It is written: Between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten;17

ל ולמאן דאמר טרפה חיה מנ"ל

30 here are indicated the eighteen defects [which render an animal trefah and] which were communicated to Moses on Mount Sinai.

לא נפקא ליה מזאת החיה אשר תאכלו זאת החיה אכול חיה אחרת לא תיכול מכלל דטרפה חיה

31 But are there no more?18

לב ואידך

32 But what about Basegar,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A mnemonic (meaning perhaps 'under lock') formed by the characteristic letters of the four cases of trefah which follow, thus: from vnvc x iurxj d vsukd r v,urj , from , from , and from .');">19

לג האי זאת מאי עביד ליה

33 and the seven statements [reported by the Amoraim]?

לד מיבעי ליה לכדתנא דבי רבי ישמעאל

לה דתנא דבי רבי ישמעאל זאת החיה אשר תאכלו מלמד שתפס הקב"ה מכל מין ומין והראה לו למשה ואמר לו

לו זאת אכול וזאת לא תיכול

לז ואידך נמי מבעי ליה לכדתנא דבי ר' ישמעאל

לח אין ה"נ

לט אלא טרפה חיה מנא ליה

מ נפקא ליה מאידך תנא דבי ר' ישמעאל דתנא דבי ר' ישמעאל

מא (ויקרא יא, מז) בין החיה הנאכלת ובין החיה אשר לא תאכל אלו שמונה עשרה טרפות שנאמרו למשה מסיני

מב ותו ליכא

מג והא איכא בסגר ושב שמעתתא

Previous Chapter Next Chapter