Chullin 86

Chapter 86

א לספק דרוסה
1 - For the case of [an animal] about which there arose a doubt whether it was clawed or not.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As in the circumstances mentioned infra 53b, when it is necessary to examine the gullet for any red patches or drops of blood. This examination can only be carried out by inspecting the inner coat of the gullet which is white; but it is useless to inspect the outer coat, since it is red, and a drop of blood would not be discernible thereon.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב ההיא ספק דרוסה דאתאי לקמיה דרבה הוה קא בדיק ליה רבה לוושט מאבראי אמר ליה אביי והא מר הוא דאמר
2 There once came, before Rabbah, the case [of a bird]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So Tosaf. Rashi: or an animal. Cf. next note.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ג וושט אין לו בדיקה אלא מבפנים
3 about which there arose a doubt whether it was clawed or not, and he was about to examine the gullet<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After the slaughtering. V. supra 282.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ד אפכיה רבה ובדקיה ואישתכח עליה תרי קורטי דמא וטרפה
4 from the outside when Abaye said to him, 'Did you not say: Master, that the gullet cannot be examined from the outside but only from the inside'?
ה ורבה נמי לחדודי לאביי הוא דבעי
5 Rabbah at once turned it inside out and examined it and found upon it two drops of blood, so he declared it trefah.
ו אמר עולא
6 Rabbah, however, [by his action] merely wanted to test the acumen of Abaye.
ז ישב לו קוץ בוושט אין חוששין שמא הבריא
7 Ulla said: If a thorn was impacted in the gullet, there is no fear that it pierced it through.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the animal is permitted, for the piercing of one coat only of the gullet does not render the animal trefah. The text might also be translated: There is no fear that the wound caused by the perforation had healed, so that there is here only a membrane formed over the wound, which as stated above, is no protection.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ח (דרס חתיכות בסכין טמאה סימן)
8 But why, according to Ulla, is this case different from that of [an animal] about which there arose a doubt whether it had been clawed or not?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In this, as in all the other cases of doubt, the stricter view is adopted, whereas Ulla here adopts a lenient view.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ט ולעולא מ"ש מספק דרוסה
9 - Ulla is of the opinion that we are not apprehensive for [an animal] about which there arose a doubt whether it had been clawed or not.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To declare it trefah because of the doubt. This is also the view of Rab, infra 53a. huk, oat');"><sup>6</sup></span>
י קסבר עולא
10 And why is it different from the case of 'two pieces of fat one being forbidden fat and the other permitted fat'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If a person ate one of these two pieces, not knowing which, he is liable to bring a guilt-offering for this doubt, .');"><sup>7</sup></span>
יא אין חוששין לספק דרוסה
11 - In that case the forbidden [piece of fat] is clearly established, but here the prohibition is not clearly established.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it may be that the thorn never pierced the gullet at all.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יב ומאי שנא משתי חתיכות אחת של חלב ואחת של שומן
12 And why is it different from the case of the man who slaughtered with a knife which was found afterwards to have a notch in it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where, according to R. Huna, whose view is accepted as law, the slaughtering is invalid, although it is a case of doubt only; v. supra 10a, b.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יג התם איתחזק איסורא
13 - In that case there had arisen a flaw in the knife.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The knife now is definitely unsatisfactory, and the doubt is whether it was in this condition during the slaughtering or not. In Ulla's case, however, the thorn may not have pierced through the gullet at all.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
יד ומאי שנא מהשוחט בסכין ונמצא' פגומה
14 And why is it different from the case of a doubt concerning uncleanness which occurred in a private domain which is regarded as unclean? - But according to your own argument it is analogous, is it not, with the case of a doubt concerning uncleanness which occurred in a public domain which is regarded as clean? - In truth the law [concerning uncleanness is exceptional for it] is derived by analogy from the case of a woman suspected of adultery.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 9b. One cannot therefore draw any inferences from it either one way or the other. yauv .cru,');"><sup>11</sup></span>
טו התם איתייליד לה ריעותא בסכין
15 A certain Rabbi was once sitting before R'Kahana and recited as follows: The ruling of Ulla applies only to the case where it [the thorn] was found [in the cavity of the gullet], but where it was impacted [in the wall of the gullet] it is to be feared [that it actually pierced the gullet, and it is therefore trefah].
טז ומאי שנא מספק טומאה ברשות היחיד דספקו טמא
16 R'Kahana thereupon said to his disciples, 'Do not pay any attention to this Rabbi.
יז וליטעמיך נידמייה לספק טומאה ברשות הרבים דספקו טהור
17 The ruling of Ulla was stated concerning a thorn that was impacted in the gullet; for if it were merely found [in the cavity of the gullet] it would not be necessary for Ulla to state it, since all beasts that pasture in the open field eat thorns.'
יח אלא התם הלכתא גמירי לה מסוטה
18 It was reported: As regards the pharynx,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' . Lit., 'the forecourt of the gullet', i.e., the pharynx.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
יט יתיב ההוא מרבנן קמיה דרב כהנא ויתיב וקאמר
19 Rab says: The slightest perforation therein [will render the animal<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or bird.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
כ נמצאת אתמר אבל ישב חיישינן
20 trefah]; Samuel says, [It is trefah only if] the greater portion [of its circumference was severed].
כא אמר להו רב כהנא
21 R said: 'The slightest perforation', because he regards it as being within the area prescribed for slaughtering;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is therefore, like the gullet itself, rendered trefah by the slightest perforation.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
כב לא תציתו ליה ישב איתמר אבל נמצאת לא איצטריך ליה לעולא דכולהו חיוי ברייתא קוצי אכלן
22 Samuel said: 'The greater portion', because he does not regard it as being within the area prescribed for slaughtering.
כג איתמר
23 What is considered to be the pharynx? - Mari B'Mar 'Ukba said in the name of Samuel: That part of the gullet which, when cut, opens wide is the pharynx, but that part which, when cut, remains as it was is the gullet proper.
כד תורבץ הוושט רב אמר
24 R'Papi remarked: But the Master (that is, R'Bibi B'Abaye) did not say sob but thus: That part of the gullet which, when out, remains as it was is the pharynx, but that part which, when cut, closes up is the gullet proper.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The circular fibers on the internal plane of the muscular coat of the gullet cause it to contract when cut, but these are not found in the pharynx.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
כה במשהו ושמואל אמר
25 Jonah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Beth Joseph in Tur Yoreh Deah c. 20, where it is suggested that 'Jonah' means a dove and the statement in the text refers to the pharynx of a dove and is to be rendered: 'As to a dove, Zera said etc.'; this is most probable in view of the statement of R. 'Awia as to its extent.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
כו ברובו
26 said in the name of Zera, [It is that part where] deglutition [takes place].
כז רב אמר במשהו מקום שחיטה הוא
27 And what is its extent? - R''Awia answered: It is less than [the length of] a grain of barley but more than a grain of wheat.
כח ושמואל אמר ברובו לאו מקום שחיטה הוא
28 An ox belonging to the family of R''Ukba was slaughtered, the slaughtering having been commenced at the pharynx and completed in the gullet proper.
כט הי ניהו תורבץ הוושט
29 Said Raba, 'I will impose the restriction implied in Rab's view as well as the restriction implied in Samuel's view and will declare it trefah.'
ל אמר מרי בר מר עוקבא אמר שמואל
30 The restriction of Rab's view' - for Rab said that the slightest perforation therein [would render the animal trefah].
לא כל שחותכו ומרחיב זה הוא תורבץ הוושט חותכו ועומד במקומו זהו וושט עצמו
31 But [if you will ask,] does not Rab hold that it is within the area prescribed for slaughtering?
לב אמר להו רב פפי
32 [In that respect I rule] in accordance with Samuel's view that it is not within the area prescribed for slaughtering.
לג מר לא אמר הכי ומנו
33 And [if you will further argue,] does not Samuel hold that it is trefah only if the greater portion of its circumference was severed?
לד רב ביבי בר אביי אלא כל שחותכו ועומד במקומו זה תורבץ הוושט
34 [In that respect I am] in accordance with Rab's view that the slightest perforation therein will render the animal trefah'.
לה אלא איזהו וושט עצמו
35 Meanwhile the case was circulated till at last it was laid before R'Abba.
לו כל שחותכו וכויץ
36 He said to his disciples, 'The ox should have been permitted - whether one accepted the view of Rab or of Samuel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is permitted according to Rab because he says it is within the region prescribed for slaughtering, and according to Samuel because only the severance of the greater portion of its circumference is, in his view, a defect.');"><sup>17</sup></span>
לז יונה אמר זירא
37 Go, tell the son of Joseph B'Hama<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., Raba.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
לח מבלעתא
38 to pay the owner the value of the ox'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Raba was liable to make good the loss occasioned by his wrong decision. Cf. Sanh. 6a.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
לט וכמה
39 Mar the son of Rabina said: I can adduce a passage which would confute this dictum of Raba's foes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' An euphemism for Raba himself.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
מ אמר רב אויא
40 For it has been taught: 'The halachah is always in accordance with the ruling of Beth Hillel.
מא פחות משערתא ועדיף מחיטתא
41 Nevertheless one who desires to adopt the view of Beth Shammai may do so, and one who desires to adopt the view of Beth Hillel may do so.
מב ההוא תורא דהוה לבני רב עוקבא דאתחיל ביה שחיטה בתורבץ הוושט וגמר בוושט אמר רבא
42 One who adopts the view of Beth Shammai only when they incline to leniency, and likewise the view of Beth Hillel only when they incline to leniency, is a wicked person.
מג רמינא עליה חומרי דרב וחומרי דשמואל וטריפנא ליה
43 
מד חומרי דרב דאמר רב
44 
מה במשהו
45 
מו והאמר רב
46 
מז מקום שחיטה הוא
47 
מח כשמואל דאמר
48 
מט לאו מקום שחיטה הוא
49 
נ אי שמואל האמר
50 
נא ברובו
51 
נב כרב דאמר
52 
נג במשהו
53 
נד איגלגל מילתא מטאי לקמיה דר' אבא אמר להו
54 
נה תורא בין לרב בין לשמואל שרי זילו אמרו ליה לבריה דרב יוסף בר חמא דלשלים דמי תורא למריה
55 
נו אמר מר בריה דרבינא מותבינא תיובתא כלפי סנאיה דרבא
56 
נז לעולם הלכתא כדברי ב"ה והרוצה לעשות כדברי בית שמאי עושה כדברי בית הלל עושה
57 
נח מקולי בית שמאי ומקולי ב"ה רשע
58 
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