Chullin 91

Chapter 91

א עד ועד בכלל או דלמא עד ולא עד בכלל
1 Is 'up to' inclusive<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the severance of the cord in the first interval is trefah.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב בעי רב פפא
2 or not?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the severance of the cord in the first interval is also a matter of doubt as in the second interval.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ג את"ל עד ולא עד בכלל פי פרשה מהו
3 R'Papa raised the point: If you say that 'up to' is not inclusive, what is the la then [if the spinal cord was severed] at the point where the nerves branch off?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the point in the cord where the first pair of sacral nerves is given off.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ד בעי רבי ירמיה
4 R'Jeremiah raised the point: If you say that 'up to' is inclusive, what is the law then if the branch nerve itself<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the first sacral nerve (Rashi) .');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ה את"ל עד ועד בכלל פרשה עצמה מהו
5 [was severed]? - Come and hear: 'The branch nerve is accounted as flesh.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And any severance thereof is of no consequence.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ו ת"ש
6 Presumably this refers to the first and second branch nerves, does it not? - No, it refers to the third.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This entire passage has been dealt with in accordance with Rashi's first interpretation. For other interpretations see Rashi and the Commentaries. V. also Glosses of J. H. Dunner on this passage and Katzenelsohn op. cit. pp. 114, 134-7, 280, 282.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ז הפרשה תידון כבשר
7 In a bird, says R'Jannai, [the vitality of] the cord extends as far as [the point opposite] the lower extre of the wings.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Tosaf. a.l. and Asheri for meaning of 'extremity of wings'. It might mean either the extremity of the articulation of the humerus (i.e., the bone of the upper arm) to the scapula (i.e., the shoulder blade) , or the extremity of the entire wing as it lies on the body of the bird, V. Commentaries.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ח מאי לאו פרשה ראשונה ושניה
8 R'Simeon B'Lakish says: As far as the point opposite the [beginning of the] wings.
ט לא שלישית
9 Ulla said: I was once standing before Ben pazzi when a bird was brought to him for examination.
י בעופא ר' ינאי אומר
10 He had examined [the spinal cord] as far as the point opposite the [beginning of the] wings when he was sent for by the Nasi, whereupon he arose and went away.
יא למטה מן האגפים ור"ל אמר
11 Now I did not know whether [his leaving at this point was] because he did not consider it necessary to examine it any further or only out of respect for the Nasi.
יב עד בין אגפים
12 IF THE LIVER WAS GONE AND NAUGHT REMAINED.
יג אמר עולא
13 It follows, however, that if aught remained, even though less than an olive's bulk, it is permitted; but we have learnt: If the liver was gone, provided there remained an olive's bulk thereof, it is permitted!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra 54a.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יד הוה קאימנא קמיה דבן פזי ואייתו לקמיה עופא ובדק עד בין אגפים ושלח ליה דבי נשיאה וקם ואזל
14 - R'Joseph said: There is no contradiction; the one [Mishnah] represents the view of R'Hiyya and the other the view of R'Simeon B'Rabbi.
טו ולא ידענא אי משום דלא צריך למבדק טפי אי משום כבוד נשיאה:
15 For R'Hiyya used to throw it away,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., where there did not remain of the liver an olive's bulk he regarded the animal as trefah.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
טז ניטלה הכבד וכו':
16 whilst R'Simeon B'Rabbi would eat it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'dipped it' in sauce; i.e., he regarded it as permitted even though there did not remain an olive's bulk of the liver. V. Rashi, however, for another interpretation suggesting the reverse.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
יז הא נשתייר הימנה כלום כשרה אע"ג דלא הוי כזית
17 And in order to remember this, think of the saying: 'the rich are parsimonious'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Indicating that it was R. Simeon b. Rabbi, son of the Nasi, and a wealthy person, who permitted it.');"><sup>11</sup></span>
יח והתנן
18 An army once was stationed at pumbeditha.
יט ניטל הכבד ונשתייר הימנה כזית כשרה
19 Rabbah and R'Joseph fled the town and were met on the way by R'Zera, who said to them, 'Fugitives! Remember the olive's bulk of which the Rabbis spoke must be found in the region of the gall-bladder'.
כ אמר רב יוסף
20 R'Adda B'Ahaba said: It must be found in the most vital place.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., where the liver is attached to the diaphragm (by the falciform ligament) ; others interpret, where the liver is reflected on to the right kidney (by the suprarenal ligament) .');"><sup>12</sup></span>
כא לא קשיא הא ר' חייא הא ר"ש בר רבי
21 Therefore, said R'Papa, there must be one olive's bulk in the region of the gall-bladder and another in the most vital place.
כב כי הא דר' חייא זריק לה ור"ש בר רבי מטביל לה
22 R'Jeremiah enquired: What is the law if the olive's bulk was [not found in one place but was] obtained by collecting it?
כג וסימניך
23 or if there only remained of the liver a long, thin strip?
כד עשירין מקמצין
24 R'Ashi asked: What is the law if that which remained of the liver was flattened?
כה ההוא פולמוסא דאתא לפומבדיתא ערקו רבה ורב יוסף
25 These questions remain undecided.
כו פגע בהו ר' זירא אמר להו
26 R'Zerika enquired of R'Ammi, What is the law if the liver was [for the most part] torn away from its connections though [in parts] it was still attached to the diaphragm? - He replied: In this case of the liver being torn loose I see no difficult at all, for as to the one who says, there must be an olive's bulk in the region of the gall-bladder, it is so he and as to the one who says there must be an olive's bulk in the most vital part, that, too, is here.
כז ערוקאי כזית שאמרו במקום מרה
27 IF THE LUNG WAS PIERCED.
כח רב אדא בר אהבה אמר
28 Rab, Samuel and R'Assi say: The outer membrane<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the upper' i.e., the membrane which envelops the lungs; v. Katzenelsohn op. cit. p. 139.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
כט במקום שהיא חיה
29 [must be pierced]; others say [that they said], The inner membrane.
ל אמר רב פפא
30 R'Joseph B'Manyomi said in the name of R'Nahman, In order to remember this think of the rose-coloured coat in which the lungs lie.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This refers to the inner membrane or the pinkish coat which invests the pulmonary substance (the parenchyma pulmonis) . R. Nahman is of the opinion that the inner is the vital membrane, and this must be pierced in order to render the animal trefah.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
לא הלכך בעינן כזית במקום מרה ובעינן כזית במקום שהיא חיה
31 It is clear<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And any severance thereof is of no consequence.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
לב בעי ר' ירמיה
32 that if the outer membrane was pierced, but not the inner one, [the animal is permitted, for] the inner membrane is a sufficient protection; this being in accordance with Raba's decision, for Raba ruled: That if the outer membrane of the lung was peeled off
לג מתלקט מהו
33 
לד כרצועה מהו
34 
לה בעי רב אשי
35 
לו כזית מרודד מהו
36 
לז תיקו
37 
לח בעא מיניה ר' זריקא מר' אמי
38 
לט נדלדלה כבד ומעורה בטרפשיה מהו
39 
מ אמר ליה
40 
מא דלדול זה איני יודע מהו
41 
מב אי למ"ד במקום מרה הא איכא אי למ"ד במקום שהיא חיה הא איכא:
42 
מג הריאה שניקבה:
43 
מד רב ושמואל ורב אסי דאמרי
44 
מה קרמא עילאה ואמרי לה
45 
מו קרמא תתאה
46 
מז אמר רב יוסף בר מניומי אמר רב נחמן וסימניך
47 
מח כיתונא דורדא דמנחא ביה ריאה
48 
מט פשיטא
49 
נ אי אינקיב עילאה ולא אינקיב תתאה תתאה מגין כדרבה דאמר רבה
50 
נא האי ריאה דאגליד
51 
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