Chullin 92

Chapter 92

א כאהינא סומקא כשרה

1 so that now the lung resembles a red date, it is permitted.

ב אינקיב תתאה ולא אינקיב עילאה מגין או לא מגין

2 [The only question is,] if the inner membrane was pierced, but not the outer one, will the latter afford sufficient protection or not?

ג פליגי בה רב אחא ורבינא חד אמר

3 R'Aha and Rabina disagree, one maintains that it does not afford sufficient protection, the other that it does.

ד לא מגין וחד אמר

4 The law is that i does afford sufficient protection, and this is in agreement with the decision of R'Joseph.

ה מגין

5 For R'Joseph said: If the lung produces a sound [when inflated] and the source of the sound can be located, we must place over that spot a feather or a straw or spittle; if it stirs<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. 'to bubble', strictly applied to water. The expression is terse and applies to all three, and the meaning is: if the straw or feather flutters, or the water bubbles, the animal is trefah, for this is an indication that there is here a perforation and the air is escaping through it.');">1

ו והלכתא

6 the animal is trefah, otherwise it is permitted.

ז מגין כדרב יוסף

7 If the sourc cannot be located, we must take a basin of luke warm water and put the lung therein.

ח דאמר רב יוסף

8 We then inflate the lung; if it bubbles it is trefah, otherwise it is permitted, for then it is cert that the inner membrane only has been perforated, but not the outer one, and the sound is caused merely by the air vibrating between the two membranes.

ט האי ריאה דאוושא אי ידעינן היכא אוושא מותבינן עלה גדפא או רוקא או גילא אי מבצבצא טרפה ואי לא כשרה

9 (Mnemonic: A date.

י ואי לא ידעינן היכא אוושא מייתינן מתיכלתא דמיא פשורי ומותבינן לה בגוה

10 Red.

יא בחמימי לא דכווצי בקרירי לא דמטרשי

11 Dry.

יב אלא מותבינן בפשורי ונפחינא לה אי מבצבצא טרפה ואי לא כשרה

12 Scabs.)

יג תתאה אינקיב עילאה לא אינקיב והאי דאוושא זיקא דביני ביני הוא

13 The text [stated above]: 'Raba said: If the outer membrane of the lung was peeled off, so that now the lung resembles a red date, the animal is permitted'.

יד (אהיני סומקא דיבש גילדי סימן)

14 Raba further said: If a portion of the lungs turned red, the animal is permitted, but if the whole turned red, it is trefah.

טו גופא אמר רבא

15 Rabina said to Raba, Why is it that where a portion only turned red it is permitted?

טז האי ריאה דאיגליד כאהינא סומקא כשרה

16 It is, is it not, because it will eventually recover [its normal colour Then surely where the whole turned red it should also be permitted because it will eventually recover [its normal colour].

יז ואמר רבא

17 For it was taught: With regard to other creeping and crawling things2

יח ריאה שהאדימה מקצתה כשרה כולה טרפה

18 [one would not be liable for causing them an injury on the Sabbath] unless the wound bled.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But any other wound caused, though quite red, if it does not bleed, is not regarded as an injury; hence there is no liability for causing such a wound on the Sabbath. Likewise the fact that the lungs have turned red, even completely red, is not to be regarded as an injury or trauma; accordingly it should not render the animal trefah.');">3

יט א"ל רבינא לרבא

19 Should you argue and say that we ought to compare our case with the case of the 'Eight species of creeping things', about which it has been taught: [One is liable for desecrating the Sabbath by injuring these creatures] if only the blood collected in one spot, though there was no bleeding at all, then I would contend that even if only a portion of the lungs had turned red the animal should be trefah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The argument is: If the collection of the blood into one place as a result of a blow is technically an injury, and one who inflicts such a blow desecrates the Sabbath, the reason can only be because in all probability the skin will break, and eventually the blood will flow. It should then likewise be held in our case that the animal is trefah even though only a portion of the lung turned red, for the skin will break eventually and there will be a perforation of the lungs.');">4

כ מקצתה מ"ט דהדרא בריא כולה נמי הדרא בריא

20 There is therefore no difference.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And in either case-whether the whole or only part of the lungs turned red-it is permitted (Rashi, Alfasi and Maim) . R. Hananel and R. Tam hold that in either case it is trefah.');">5

כא מי לא תניא

21 Raba further said: If a portion of the lungs became dry [the animal] is trefah.

כב ושאר שקצים ורמשים עד שיצא מהם דם

22 To what extent? - R'Papi said in the name of Raba, [It is so dry] that it crumbles with the nail.

כג וכי תימא

23 Is this view only in accord with the opinion of R'Jose B'ha-Meshullam?

כד לשמונה שרצים מדמינן לה דתניא

24 For we have learnt: What is meant by 'dried'?6

כה נצרר הדם אף על פי שלא יצא

25 That is does not bleed when pierced.

כו אי הכי אפילו מקצתה נמי

26 R'Jose B'ha-Meshullam says, [It is so dry] that it crumbles with the nail!7

כז אלא לא שנא

27 - You can even say that our view is in accord with the opinion of the Rabbis, [but there is, however, this distinction to be drawn].

כח ואמר רבא

28 In the case of the ear of a firstling, inasmuch as it is constantly exposed to wind, it will not recover;8

כט ריאה שיבשה מקצתה טרפה

29 whilst in the case of the lungs, since they are not exposed to wind, they will recover.9

ל וכמה

30 Raba further said: If the lungs were covered with scabs or with black patches or with patches of various colours,10

לא אמר רב פפי משמיה דרבא

31 it is permitted.

לב כדי שתפרך בצפורן

32 Amemar said in the name of Raba, We may not compare cysts with each other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If after slaughtering an animal there is found on the lung a burst cyst (on such a part of it as is not usually handled by the slaughterer) but it is not known whether the cyst had burst before the slaughtering, in which case the animal would be trefah, or after the slaughtering, in which case the animal would be permitted, we may not lance another cyst which happens to be on the same lung and compare the two, with the object that if they now resemble each other the animal will be permitted, for it is held that a burst cyst would present a different condition both in colour and in general appearance at different times.');">11

לג כמאן כרבי יוסי בן המשולם

33 Raba further said: If two lobes of the lungs adhere to each other [by fibrous tissue], no examination thereo can avail<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is trefah, because every adhesion is caused by the presence of a perforation beneath it (Rashi) , or because an adhesion will ultimately cause a perforation when it breaks away (Tosaf.) .');">12

לד דתניא איזו היא יבשה שאם תינקב ואינה מוציאה טיפת דם

34 [to render the animal permitted].

לה רבי יוסי בן המשולם אומר

35 This is so, however, only if the lobes were not adjacent,13

לו יבשה כדי שתהא נפרכת בצפורן

36 but if they were adjacent [it is permitted, for] this is their natural position.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This being so the adhesion will act as a firm and effective covering over the underlying perforation, and is therefore permitted; so according to Rashi. The view of Tosaf. is that, the lobes being adjacent, there is no apprehension that the adhesion will snap and cause a perforation.');">14

לז אפילו תימא רבנן

לח גבי אוזן בכור דקא שליט ביה זיקא לא הדרא בריא אבל ריאה דלא קא שליט ביה אוירא הדרא בריא

לט ואמר רבא

מ האי ריאה דקיימא גילדי גילדי אוכמי אוכמי חזותא חזותא כשרה

מא אמר אמימר משמיה דרבא

מב אין מקיפין בבועי

מג ואמר רבא

מד הני תרתי אוני דסריכן להדדי לית להו בדיקה

מה ולא אמרן אלא שלא כסדרן אבל כסדרן היינו רביתייהו

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