Eruvin 10

פחות מארבע אמות נידון משום לחי ואין צריך לחי אחר להתירו ד' אמות נידון משום מבוי וצריך לחי אחר להתירו

is less than four cubits [in width] it may be regarded as a side-post<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even if originally it was put there for some other purpose.');">¹</span> and no other post is required to effect the ritual fitness of the alley, [but if it is] four cubits [wide] it is deemed to be [a part of the structure o alley, and<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Unless that projection was especially constructed to serve as a side-post to the entrance.');">²</span> another post is required to effect its ritual fitness'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' v. supra 5a for notes.');">³</span> Where, however, does one put up that '[other] post'?

אותו לחי היכן מעמידו אי דמוקי ליה בהדי' אוספי הוא דקא מוסיף עליה

If it be attached to the projection,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'put up with it'.');">⁴</span> would not one be merely adding to it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus merely extending the projection further along the width of the alley and giving it a much greater resemblance to a proper wall.');">⁵</span> - R'Papa replied: One puts it upon the other side.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The side wall opposite.');">⁶</span> R'Huna son of R'Joshua said: It may even be maintained that it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The side-post.');">⁷</span>

אמר רב פפא דמוקי ליה לאידך גיסא רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע אמר אפילו תימא דמוקי לה בהדי' דמטפי ביה או דמבצר ביה

is attached to the projection<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'put up with it'.');">⁴</span> but it is made bigger<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Longer or wider than the front of the projection, so that its nature cannot be mistaken and no one could regard it as an extension of the projection.');">⁸</span> or smaller.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Shorter or narrower (cf. previous note) .');">⁹</span> R'Huna son of R'Joshua stated: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ruling of Rami b. Hama in the name of R. Huna, supra 5a ad fin.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע לא אמרן אלא במבוי שמונה אבל במבוי שבעה ניתר בעומד מרובה על הפרוץ

has been said only in respect of [an entrance to] an alley [that was no less than] eight [cubits in width],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In which case a projection of the width of four cubits would cover no more than half of its width.');">¹¹</span> but where [the entrance to] an alley is seven [cubits wide],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that a projection of the size mentioned (v. previous note) would cover its greater part.');">¹²</span> Sabbatic ritual fitness is effected<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'is permitted'.');">¹³</span> because<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though the projection cannot be regarded as a side-post.');">¹⁴</span>

וקל וחומר מחצר ומה חצר שאינה ניתרת בלחי וקורה ניתרת בעומד מרובה על הפרוץ מבוי שניתר בלחי וקורה אינו דין שניתר בעומד מרובה על הפרוץ

the portion built-up<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (which) stands'.');">¹⁵</span> is longer than the breach. [This ruling is inferred] a minori ad majus from [the law relating to] a courtyard: If a courtyard<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. a square enclosure into which houses open out (v. Tosaf. s.v. , and cf. Rashi) .');">¹⁶</span> [the movement of objects in which on the Sabbath] cannot be rendered permissible<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where its wall that faced a public domain collapsed completely.');">¹⁷</span>

מה לחצר שכן פרצתה בעשר תאמר במבוי שפרצתו בארבע

by means of a side-post and a cross-beam<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though these means are effective in the case of an alley.');">¹⁸</span> is nevertheless deemed fit<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'is permitted'.');">¹³</span> [for such movements] where its built-up portions<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (which) stands'.');">¹⁵</span> are larger than its broken [parts],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even though the gaps are many and distributed among all its walls, the court remains ritually fit if the total length of the unbroken parts exceeds that of the gaps.');">¹⁹</span>

קסבר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע מבוי נמי פרצתו בעשר למאן קאמרינן לרב הונא והא רב הונא פרצתו בד' סבירא לי'

how much more then should an alley, where [such movements] may be rendered permissible by means of a side-post and a crossbeam,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If placed at the entrance that faced a public domain (cf. supra n. 8) .');">²⁰</span> be deemed fit<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'is permitted'.');">¹³</span> when<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the absence of a side-post and cross-beam.');">²¹</span> the built-up portion<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (which) stands'.');">¹⁵</span>

רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע טעמא דנפשיה קאמר

[across its entrance] is larger than its open [part]. But is no courtyard, however, different<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'what of the courtyard'.');">²²</span> [from an alley]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. some of the laws relating to the former are much less restrictive than those of the latter.');">²³</span> since a gap of ten cubits<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'its breach by ten'.');">²⁴</span>

רב אשי אמר אפילו תימא במבוי שמונה נמי לא צריך לחי מה נפשך אי עומד נפיש ניתר בעומד מרובה על הפרוץ ואי פרוץ נפיש נידון משום לחי

[was also allowed in it]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of course it is; the freedom of movement in the courtyard is not affected by such a gap.');">²⁵</span> Then how can one apply<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'wilt thou say'.');">²⁶</span> [the same ruling] to an alley where only a gap of four cubits<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'whose breach by four'.');">²⁷</span> [was allowed]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As in the case of an alley, the law was restricted in respect of the size of a gap so it might also have been restricted as regards permissibility of movement where the built portion is larger than the gap. How then (cf. supra note 14) could a law relating to an alley be inferred from one relating to a courtyard?');">²⁸</span>

מאי אמרת דשוו תרוייהו כי הדדי הוה ליה ספק דבריהן וספק דבריהן להקל:

- R'Huna son of R'Joshua holds the opinion that in an alley also a gap of ten cubits is allowed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'its breach by ten'.');">²⁴</span> But whose view has been under discussion?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'according to whom do we say', sc. to whose ruling was the argument, a minori ad majus, applied?');">²⁹</span> [Obviously that] of R'Huna;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A disciple of Rab and teacher of R. Huna son of R. Joshua who (supra 5a) quoted his master.');">³⁰</span> and R'Huna, surely, is of the opinion, [is he not,] that only a gap of four cubits [is allowed in an alley]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra. How then could this view be reconciled with the inference of R. Huna son of R. Joshua?');">³¹</span>

אמר רב חנין בר רבא אמר רב מבוי שנפרץ

R'Huna son of R'Joshua only stated his own view.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. while accepting R. Huna's ruling in the case of an entrance that was no less than eight cubits in width he disagreed with it on the strength of the argument he advanced in the case of one of the width of seven.');">³²</span> R'Ashi said: It may be maintained that even [where the entrance to] an alley was eight [cubits wide] no side-post is required,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where there was a projection of four cubits in width from one of the side walls across a part of the entrance.');">³³</span> since, whatever your assumption [might be, the ritual fitness of the alley cannot be affected]. For if the built portion is bigger<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., if the measurement of the projection was on a generous scale so that the so-called 'four cubits' really represented a higher figure, and the remaining space was in fact less than four cubits in width.');">³⁴</span> [the movement of objects in the alley would] be permitted by [reason of the fact that] the built portion [across the entrance] is larger than the opening; and if the open section is bigger<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. previous note mutatis mutandis.');">³⁵</span> [the projection]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it is in reality less than four cubits.');">³⁶</span> might be regarded as a side-post.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the movement of objects would again be permitted.');">³⁷</span> What [other possible objection can] you submit? That both<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The width of the projection and that of the opening.');">³⁸</span> might be exactly alike?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that (a) the projection is four cubits wide and, therefore, unsuitable as a side-post and (b) the built section is not larger than the gap which is also four cubits wide.');">³⁹</span> [But such an assumption] would amount to an uncertainty in respect of a Rabbinical enactment,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The prohibition to move objects in an alley on the Sabbath day is not Pentateuchal but Rabbinical.');">⁴⁰</span> and in any uncertainty appertaining to a Rabbinical enactment the more lenient course is followed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Consequently, 'no side-post is required'.');">⁴¹</span> R'Hanin B'Raba stated in the name of Rab: As to a breach that was made in an alley