Eruvin 164

Chapter 164

א אמר רב יהושע בריה דרב אידי כי קאמר רב אסי כגון שעירב עליו אביו לצפון ואמו לדרום דאפילו בר שש נמי בצוותא דאמיה ניחא ליה

1 - R'Joshua Son of R'Idi replied: What R'Assi spoke of was1 a case, for instance, where the child's father prepared an 'erub for him in the north2 and his mother in the south,2

ב מיתיבי קטן שצריך לאמו יוצא בעירוב אמו עד בן שש תיובתא דרב יהושע בר רב אידי תיובתא

2 since3 even a child of the age of six prefers his mother's company. An objection was raised: A child who is dependent upon his mother may go out by his mother's 'erub until he is six years of age.

ג לימא תיהוי תיובתיה דרב אסי אמר לך רב אסי עד ועד בכלל

3 Is not this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ruling that a child up to the age of six may go out by his mother's 'erub even if she did not prepare it especially for his benefit also. The previous explanation, that the ruling applied to a case where both his father and mother prepared 'erubs on his behalf cannot be given here, since the age limit indicated, viz., 'until he is six', obviously includes that of a baby of the tenderest age who is undoubtedly dependent on his mother and who is unquestionably permitted to go out on account of her 'erub.');">4 an objection against R'Joshua son of R'Idi?5 - This is indeed an objection.

ד לימא תיהוי תיובתיה דרבי ינאי ור"ל ל"ק הא דאיתיה אבוהי במתא הא דלא איתיה אבוהי במתא

4 Must it be admitted that this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ruling that a child up to the age of six may go out by his mother's 'erub even if she did not prepare it especially for his benefit also. The previous explanation, that the ruling applied to a case where both his father and mother prepared 'erubs on his behalf cannot be given here, since the age limit indicated, viz., 'until he is six', obviously includes that of a baby of the tenderest age who is undoubtedly dependent on his mother and who is unquestionably permitted to go out on account of her 'erub.');">4 also presents all objection against the view of R'Assi?6 - R'Assi can answer you: 'Until'7

ה ת"ר מערב אדם על ידי בנו ובתו הקטנים על ידי עבדו ושפחתו הכנענים בין לדעתן בין שלא לדעתן אבל אינו מערב לא ע"י עבדו ושפחתו העברים [ולא] על ידי בנו ובתו הגדולים ולא על ידי אשתו אלא מדעתם

5 means that 'until'8 is included.9 Must it be assumed that this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ruling that a child up to the age of six may go out by his mother's 'erub even if she did not prepare it especially for his benefit also. The previous explanation, that the ruling applied to a case where both his father and mother prepared 'erubs on his behalf cannot be given here, since the age limit indicated, viz., 'until he is six', obviously includes that of a baby of the tenderest age who is undoubtedly dependent on his mother and who is unquestionably permitted to go out on account of her 'erub.');">4

ו תניא אידך לא יערב אדם על ידי בנו ובתו הגדולים וע"י עבדו ושפחתו העברים ולא ע"י אשתו אלא מדעתן אבל מערב הוא ע"י עבדו ושפחתו הכנענים ועל ידי בנו ובתו הקטנים בין לדעתן ובין שלא לדעתן מפני שידן כידו

6 presents a contradiction of the views of R'Jannai and Resh Lakish?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 82a ad fin., according to which a child of the age of four or five is not dependent on his mother and, consequently, should not be allowed to go out by means of her 'erub, whereas here it is laid down that even a child of six may go out by his mother's 'erub.');">10 This is really no contradiction since the former11 refers to a child whose father is in town12

ז וכולן שעירבו ועירב עליהם רבן יוצאין בשל רבן חוץ מן האשה מפני שיכולה למחות

7 while the latter13 refers to one whose father is not in town.14 Our Rabbis taught: A man may prepare all 'erub for his son or daughter, if they are minors, and for his Canaanite bondman or bondwoman, either with, or without their consent.15

ח אשה מאי שנא אמר רבה אשה וכל דדמי לה

8 He may not, however, prepare an 'erub for his Hebrew manservant or maidservant, nor for his grownup son or daughter, nor for his wife, except with their consent. Elsewhere it was taught: A man may not prepare an 'erub for his grownup son or daughter, nor16 for his Hebrew manservant or maidservant, nor for his wife, except with their consent, but he may prepare all 'erub for his Canaanite bondman or bondwoman and for his son or daughter, if they are minors, either with, or without their consent, because their hand is as his hand.

ט אמר מר חוץ מן האשה מפני שיכולה למחות טעמא דמחי הא סתמא נפקא בדבעלה הא קתני רישא אלא מדעתם מאי לאו דאמרי אין

9 If any of these17 prepared all 'erub18 and the19

י לא מאי אלא מדעתם דאשתיקו לאפוקי היכא דאמרי לא

10 master also prepared one20 for him21 the limits of his19

יא הא וכולן שעירבו ועירב עליהן רבן יוצאין בשל רבן וסתמא הוא וקתני חוץ מן האשה דלא נפקי

11 movements are determined22 by that of his23 master.

יב אמר רבא כיון שעירבו אין לך מיחוי גדול מזה:

12 A wife, however, is excluded since she is entitled to object.24 But why should a wife be different?25 Rabbah replied: [The meaning is] a wife and all who enjoy a similar status.

יג <big>מתני׳</big> כמה הוא שיעורו מזון שתי סעודות לכל אחד ואחד מזונו לחול ולא לשבת דברי רבי מאיר רבי יהודה אומר לשבת ולא לחול וזה וזה מתכוונים להקל

13 The Master said: 'A wife, however, is excluded since she is entitled to object'. The reason then26 is that she actually objected but if she expressed no opinion her movements are determined27

יד ר' יוחנן בן ברוקה אומר מככר בפונדיון מד' סאין בסלע ר"ש אומר שתי ידות לככר משלש לקב

14 by the 'erub of her husband; was it not, however, taught in the first clause, 'Except with their consent' which means, does it not, that they must actually say: 'Yes'?28 - No; the meaning of29 'Except with their consent' is that they kept since, which excludes only the case where they said: 'No.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Only in that case is the master's 'erub disregarded; but if they kept silence their movements are determined, as was implied in the final clause, by the 'erub of the master.');">30

טו חצייה לבית המנוגע וחצי חצייה לפסול את הגוייה:

15 But, surely, the case where 'any of these prepared all 'erub and the master also prepared one for him' where 'the limits of his movements are determined by that of his master' is one where no opinion had been expressed, and was it not nevertheless stated: 'A wife, however, is excluded' so that her movements are not determined by the 'erub of her husband?31 - Raba replied: Since they had prepared an 'erub there can be no more significant form of objection. <big>MISHNAH: </big>WHAT MUST BE ITS32

טז <big>גמ׳</big> וכמה מזון שתי סעודות א"ר יהודה אמר רב תרתי ריפתא איכרייתא רב אדא בר אהבה אמר תרתי ריפתא נהר פפיתא

16 SIZE? FOOD FOR TWO MEALS FOR EACH, THE QUANTITY BEING THE FOOD ONE EATS ON WEEKDAYS AND NOT ON THE SABBATH; SO R'MEIR'R'JUDAH RULED: AS ON THE SABBATH AND NOT AS ON WEEKDAYS. AND BOTH INTENDED TO GIVE THE MORE LENIENT RULING.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. to reduce the prescribed size of the 'erub. R. Meir used to consume at a weekday meal less bread than at a Sabbath meal at which the richness of the Sabbath dishes tempted him to eat more bread. R. Judah, however, ate more bread on weekdays, when courses are few, than on the Sabbath when several satisfying dishes are served and when it is also one's duty to eat no less than three meals.');">33

יז א"ל רב יוסף לרב יוסף בריה דרבא אבוך כמאן ס"ל כר' מאיר ס"ל אנא נמי כר"מ ס"ל דאי כרבי יהודה קשיא הא דאמרי אינשי רווחא לבסימא שכיח:

17 R'JOHANAN B. BEROKA RULED:34 NOT LESS THAN A LOAF THAT IS PURCHASED FOR A DUPONDIUM WHEN THE PRICE OF CHEAT IS FOUR SE'AH FOR A SELA'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such a loaf, it is now assumed, weighs half a kab, since four Se'ah are equal to 4 X 6 kab = 24 X 2 = half-kab; and a sela' contains 4 denars = 4 X 6 ma'ah = 4 X 6 X 2 = 48 dupondia.');">35 R'SIMEON RULED:34

יח רבי יוחנן בן ברוקה אומר: תנא וקרובים דבריהן להיות שוין מי דמי דר"י ארבע סעודתא לקבא דר"ש תשע סעודתא לקבא

18 TWO THIRDS OF A LOAF, THREE OF WHICH ARE MADE FROM A KAB.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of wheat. This is a smaller size than the previous one. In the opinion of R. Simeon two ninths of a lab suffices for two meals. When three loaves are made from a kab of each loaf = 1/3 X 2/3 = 2/9 kab.');">36 HALF OF THIS LOAF37 IS THE SIZE PRESCRIBED FOR A LEPROUS HOUSE,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Lev. XIV, 33ff. If a person remains in such a house for a length of time sufficient for him to consume the quantity of bread mentioned his clothes become unclean and require ritual washing (cf. Neg. XIII, 9) .');">38

יט א"ר חסדא צא מהן שליש לחנוני

19 AND THE HALF OF ITS HALF39 IS THE SIZE THAT RENDERS ONE'S BODY40 UNFIT.41

כ ואכתי למר תשעה ולמר שית

20 <big>GEMARA: </big>How much food42 is required for TWO MEALS? Rab Judah citing Rab replied: Two peasants'43

כא [אלא כאידך] דרב חסדא דאמר צא מהן מחצה לחנוני

21 loaves. R'Adda B'Ahabah replied: Two Nehar Papa44 loaves.

כב ואכתי למר תשע ולמר תמני היינו דקאמר וקרובים דבריהם להיות שוין

22 Said R'Joseph to R'Joseph son of Raba:45 'With whose view46 does your father's agree? '<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. since in the case of 'erub the quantity of food required for two meals varies according to the capacity and the appetite of each individual, is one's appetite to be determined by one's weekday meals in agreement with R. Meir, or one's Sabbath meals in agreement with R. Judah?');">47

כג קשיא דרב חסדא אדרב חסדא ל"ק הא דקא יהיב בעל הבית ציבי הא דלא יהיב בעל הבית ציבי:

23 - 'His view is in agreement with that of R'Meir'.' I am also in agreement with the view of R'Meir, for if one were to agree with R'Judah there would arise the difficulty of the popular saying: There is always room for a spicy dish.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sabbath dishes being richly spiced and seasoned tempt one to eat more bread whereas R. Judah maintains that at a Sabbath meal less bread is eaten than at a weekday meal.');">48 R'JOHANAN B. BEROKA RULED.

כד חצייה לבית המנוגע וחצי חצייה לפסול את הגוייה

24 One taught: Their views49 are almost identical.50 But are they at all alike, seeing that the view of R'Johanan is that a kab provides four meals whereas that of R'Simeon is that a kab provides nine meals?51 R'Hisda replied: Deduct52 a third53 for the profit of the shopkeeper.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though the shopkeeper buys at the rate of four se'ah for a sela', or half a kab for a dupondium (cf. supra p. 576, n. 5) , he sells at a higher price, leaving for himself a profit of one third of the purchase price. For each dupondium, therefore, he sells only two thirds of half a kab. Now, since 2/3 of half a kab, or 1/2 X 2/3 = 1/3 of a kab, provide two meals, a kab obviously provides not four, but six meals.');">54 But is not the number of meals55 still nine according to the one Master and six according to the other? - Explain rather on the lines of another statement of R'Hisda who said: Deduct a half for the profit of the shopkeeper.56 But do not they57 still amount55 to nine according to the one Master and to eight according to the other?58 This indeed is the reason why it was stated,59 'Their views are almost identical'.60 Does not a contradiction, however, arise between the two statements of R'Hisda?61 - There is really no contradiction since one statement62 refers to a place where the buyer63 supplies the wood64 while the other refers to one where the buyer does not supply the wood. HALF OF THIS LOAF IS THE SIZE PRESCRIBED FOR A LEPROUS HOUSE, AND THE HALF OF ITS HALF IS THE SIZE THAT RENDERS ONE'S BODY UNFIT.

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