Eruvin 75

Chapter 75

א אי אתה מודה שמא יבקע הנוד ונמצא שותה טבלים למפרע אמר להן לכשיבקע:
1 do you not agree that the skin might burst and the man would thus have been drinking liquids of tebel? ' And he replied: 'When it will have burst [there would be time for the question to be considered]'. <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>R'ELIEZER RULED: IF A FESTIVAL DAY IMMEDIATELY PRECEDES OR FOLLOWS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'that is near whether before it or after it'.');"><sup>1</sup></span> THE SABBATH A MAN<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who desires on the two days respectively to go in two different directions.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> רבי אליעזר אומר יו"ט הסמוך לשבת בין מלפניה ובין מלאחריה מערב אדם שני עירובין ואומר עירובי בראשון למזרח ובשני למערב בראשון למערב ובשני למזרח עירובי בראשון ובשני כבני עירי עירובי בשני ובראשון כבני עירי
2 MAY PREPARE TWO 'ERUBS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which he deposits at distances of two thousand cubits from the town in the two desired directions.');"><sup>3</sup></span> AND MAKE THE FOLLOWING DECLARATION: MY 'ERUB FOR THE FIRST [DAY SHALL BE THAT] OF THE EAST<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'EAST' and 'WEST' stand for any two opposite directions.');"><sup>4</sup></span> AND THE ONE FOR THE SECOND DAY THAT OF THE WEST';<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The two days in question, in the view of R. Eliezer, are regarded is two distinct entities of holiness. One 'erub may consequently take effect at twilight of the eve of the first day and the other at twilight of the following day, each 'erub serving for the day for which it is prepared.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ג וחכ"א או מערב לרוח אחת או אינו מערב כל עיקר או מערב לשני ימים או אינו מערב כל עיקר
3 'THE ONE FOR THE FIRST DAY [SHALL BE THAT] OF THE WEST AND THE ONE FOR THE SECOND DAY THAT OF THE EAST; 'MY 'ERUB [SHALL BE EFFECTIVE] FOR THE FIRST DAY, AND FOR THE SECOND DAY [I SHALL RETAIN THE SAME RIGHTS] AS THE PEOPle OF MY TOWN',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. instead of the right to a radius of two thousand cubits from the 'erub, which prevents him from going outside the town in the opposite direction of that 'erub, he would he entitled to a radius of two thousand cubits from the town in all directions.');"><sup>6</sup></span> OR 'MY 'ERUB [SHAll BE EFFECTIVE] FOR THE SECOND DAY, AND FOR THE FIRST DAY [I SHALL RETAIN THE SAME RIGHTS] AS THE PEOPle OF MY TOWN - THE SAGES, HOWEVER, RULED: HE EITHER PREPARES AN ERUB FOR ONE DIRECTION<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For both days.');"><sup>7</sup></span> OR<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If he wishes to be entitled on one of the two days to the privileges of the townspeople.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ד כיצד יעשה מוליכו בראשון ומחשיך עליו ונוטלו ובא לו בשני מחשיך עליו ואוכלו ובא לו ונמצא משתכר בהליכתו ומשתכר בעירובו
4 NONE AT ALL;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reason is explained in the Gemara infra.');"><sup>9</sup></span> HE EITHER PREPARES ONE 'ERUB FOR THE TWO DAYS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is dealt with in the Gemara anon.');"><sup>10</sup></span> OR NONE AT ALL.
ה נאכל בראשון עירובו לראשון ואין עירובו לשני
5 HOW IS ONE TO ACT?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When a festival immediately preceded the Sabbath.');"><sup>11</sup></span> HE ARRANGES [FOR THE 'ERUB] TO BE CARRIED [TO THE REQUIRED SPOT] ON THE FIRST DAY [BY A DEPUTY]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the man himself goes to the required spot no 'erub is necessary since his presence at twilight at that spot acquires it for him as his abode for that Sabbath or festival.');"><sup>12</sup></span> WHO, HAVING REMAINED THERE WITH IT UNTIL DUSK',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the 'erub effects [he acquisition of the spot (cf. previous note) .');"><sup>13</sup></span>
ו אמר (להן) ר' אליעזר מודים אתם לי שהן שתי קדושות:
6 TAKES IT UP AND GOES AWAY.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He should not leave it there since it might be lost and the man for whom it was prepared would thus be without an 'erub for the second day.');"><sup>14</sup></span> ON THE SECOND [DAY THE 'ERUB IS AGAIN CARRIED THERE AND] KEPT UNTIL DUSK WHEN [THE DEPUTY] EATS IT<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He may not carry it away with him on account of the Sabbath on which the carrying of objects in a public domain or in a karmelith is forbidden.');"><sup>15</sup></span> AND GOES AWAY.
ז <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> לרוח אחת מאי ניהו לשני ימים לשני ימים מאי ניהו לרוח אחת היינו קמייתא
7 HE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By taking the 'erub with him on the first day and so preserving it from possible loss.');"><sup>16</sup></span> THUS BENEFITS BOTH IN HIS MOVEMENTS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'his waking'.');"><sup>17</sup></span> AND IN HIS 'ERUB.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He is able (a) to walk not only on the first, but also on the second day in the directions he desires and (b) he can also enjoy the eating of the two meals of which the 'erub consists. Had he not preserved the 'erub he might have lost both benefits. Should the festival be preceded by the Sabbath when the carrying of objects is forbidden (cf. supra n. 6) there is no alternative but to leave the 'erub in its position until the termination of the Sabbath. It must be examined at twilight just before the festival begins and, if it is found intact, it must be allowed to remain in position until dusk when it may be carried away or eaten on the spot,');"><sup>18</sup></span>
ח הכי קאמרי ליה רבנן לר' אליעזר אי אתה מודה שאין מערבין ליום אחד חציו לצפון וחציו לדרום אמר להן אבל כשם שאין מערבין ליום אחד חציו לדרום וחציו לצפון כך אין מערבין לשני ימים יום אחד למזרח ויום אחד למערב
8 IF THE ERUB WAS EATEN UP ON THE FIRST DAY IT REMAINS EFFECTIVE FOR THE FIRST DAY<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'his 'erub is for the first'.');"><sup>19</sup></span> BUT NOT FOR THE SECOND. SAID R'ELIEZER TO THEM: YOU DO THEN AGREE WITH ME THAT THEY<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The two days.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
ט ור"א התם קדושה אחת הכא ב' קדושות
9 ARE TWO DISTINCT ENTITIES OF HOLINESS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Had the two days been one entity the 'erub that was effective at twilight on the eve If the first day should have retained its effectiveness until the conclusion of the second day. 'Now since you concede this point', R. Eliezer says in effect, 'You must also concede that two 'erubs may be prepared respectively for the two days for two different directions'.');"><sup>21</sup></span> <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>What is [the purport of the expression] FOR ONE DIRECTION? Obviously FOR THE TWO DAYS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. it is only permitted to prepare one 'erub for one direction for the two days.');"><sup>22</sup></span>
י אמר להן ר"א אי אתם מודים שאם עירב ברגליו ביום ראשון מערב ברגליו ביום שני נאכל עירובו ביום ראשון אין יוצא עליו ביום שני
10 And what is [the purport of the expression,] FOR TWO DAYS? Obviously FOR ONE DIRECTION.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 261, n. 13.');"><sup>23</sup></span> [Is not then the latter clause] identical with the first one?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Indeed it is. Then why should the same ruling be repeated?');"><sup>24</sup></span>
יא אמרו לו אבל הא לאיי ב' קדושות הן ורבנן ספוקי מספקא להו והכא לחומרא והכא לחומרא
11 - It is this that the Rabbis<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sages.');"><sup>25</sup></span> meant to say to R'Eliezer: 'Do you not agree that no 'erub may be prepared for one half of a day for a northern direction and for the other half of the same day for a southern direction? ' 'Indeed [I do]', he replied 'As', they continued, 'no 'erub may be prepared for one half of a day for a southern direction and for the other half of the same day for a northern direction so may no 'erub be prepared for one of two days in an easterly direction and for the other in a westerly direction' - And R'Eliezer?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How does he meet this argument.');"><sup>26</sup></span> - The one day<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'there'.');"><sup>27</sup></span>
יב אמרו לו לרבי אליעזר אי אתה מודה שאין מערבין בתחילה מיו"ט לשבת אמר להן אבל הא לאיי קדושה אחת היא
12 is a single entity of holiness, but the two days<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'here'.');"><sup>28</sup></span> are two distinct entitles of holiness. Said R'Eliezer to them:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sages.');"><sup>25</sup></span>
יג ורבי אליעזר התם משום הכנה
13 'Do you not agree that if a man<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who had no food to send to the required spot through a deputy.');"><sup>29</sup></span> prepared an 'erub with his feet<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. walked to the spot and, by his presence there at twilight, acquired it as his abode for the next twenty.four hours of the day.');"><sup>30</sup></span> for the first day he must<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If he returned to his permanent home.');"><sup>31</sup></span>
יד ת"ר עירב ברגליו ביום ראשון מערב ברגליו ביום שני נאכל עירובו ביום ראשון אין יוצא עליו ביום שני דברי רבי
14 also prepare an 'erub with his feet for the second day,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., must again walk to the required spot just before the conclusion of the first day and remain there during twilight as he did on the eve of the first day (cf. supra n. 8) since his first acquisition has no effect whatever on his movements on the second day.');"><sup>32</sup></span> or that if his 'erub<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where one was prepared with food.');"><sup>33</sup></span> was eaten up on the first day<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even after it had taken effect.');"><sup>34</sup></span>
טו ר' יהודה אומר
15 he may not go out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Beyond the limits permitted to the people of the town. hhtk utk');"><sup>35</sup></span> [in reliance] on it on the second day? ' 'Indeed', they replied.' Surely, then',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M. not?'');"><sup>36</sup></span> [he retorted: 'the two days must be] two entities of holiness'. And the Rabbis?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How can they maintain their ruling in view of this objection?');"><sup>37</sup></span> - They were rather uncertain<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whether a Sabbath and a festival day that immediately succeed one another are to be regarded as two distinct entities of holiness or as one only.');"><sup>38</sup></span> and have, therefore, adopted the more restrictive course in both cases.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'here for a restriction and etc.' They (a) forbade 'erubs in two different directions in case the two days are one entity of holiness and also (b) required an 'erub for each day in particular in case the two days are distinct entities of holiness.');"><sup>39</sup></span> 'Do you not agree', they again said to R'Eliezer, 'that It is forbidden to prepare an 'erub for the Sabbath on a festival day<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That immediately precedes it.');"><sup>40</sup></span> for the first time? '<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e.,if no 'erub was prepared on the festival eve,');"><sup>41</sup></span> 'Indeed [I do]', he replied.' Surely, then',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 262, n. 14.');"><sup>42</sup></span> [they retorted: 'the two days must be] one entity of holiness'. And R'Eliezer?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 262, n. 4.');"><sup>43</sup></span> - [The restriction] there is due [to the prohibition] of preparing [for the Sabbath on a festival day].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. infra b. It provides, therefore, no proof that the two days are regarded as one entity.');"><sup>44</sup></span> Our Rabbis taught: If a man<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra p. 262, nn. 7ff.');"><sup>45</sup></span> prepared an 'erub with his feet on the first day he must also prepare an 'erub with his feet on the second day; if his 'erub was eaten up on the first day he may not go out [in reliance] on it on the second day; so Rabbi. R'Judah said:
Previous ChapterNext Chapter