Gittin 128

הני מילי לחומרא אבל לקולא לא

— That is so where [it has the effect of making the law] more stringent, but not where [it makes it] more lenient.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As here. ');">¹</span>

וליהמנה לדידה מדרב המנונא דאמר רב המנונא האשה שאמרה לבעלה גירשתני נאמנת חזקה אין האשה מעיזה פניה בפני בעלה

Then let us believe the woman herself, in accordance with R. Hamnuna; for R. Hamnuna said: If a woman says to her husband, You have divorced me, her word is taken, since the presumption is that a woman would not have the impudence to say this in the face of her husband [if it were not true]? — That is so where she has no confirmation; but where she has some confirmation,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As here. ');">¹</span>

ה"מ היכא דליכא דקא מסייע לה אבל היכא דמסייע לה מעיזה ומעיזה:

she certainly would not shrink from doing so.

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> נערה המאורסה היא ואביה מקבלין את גיטה אמר רבי יהודה אין שתי ידים זוכות כאחת אלא אביה מקבל את גיטה בלבד וכל שאינה יכולה לשמור את גיטה אינה יכולה להתגרש:

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. IF A YOUNG GIRL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A Na'arah, v. Glos. From twelve years and a day to twelve and a half years plus one day. ');">²</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> במאי קמיפלגי רבנן סברי ידא יתירתא זכי לה רחמנא ורבי יהודה סבר במקום אביה יד דילה לאו כלום היא:

IS BETROTHED,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. s.v. Erusin. ');">³</span>

וכל שאינה יכולה לשמור את גיטה: ת"ר קטנה היודעת לשמור את גיטה מתגרשת ושאינה יודעת לשמור את גיטה אינה מתגרשת ואיזו היא קטנה יודעת לשמור את גיטה כל שמשמרת גיטה ודבר אחר

BOTH SHE AND HER FATHER MAY RECEIVE HER GET.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [I.e., either she or her father, so Rashi, Being a na'arah (v. Glos.), she is no longer a minor and therefore is competent to receive her Get. Her father, however, still retains the right since she is still under his authority. As to a minor, i.e., who has not reached 12 years and one day, opinions differ: Rashi does not declare her competent to receive her Get, where she has a father, whereas Tosaf, (s.v. [H]) holds that there is no difference in this respect between a na'arah and a minor, na'arah being specified in the Mishnah to emphasise the extreme view of R. Judah.] ');">⁴</span>

מאי קאמר א"ר יוחנן ה"ק כל שמשמרת דבר אחר מחמת גיטה

R. JUDAH, HOWEVER, SAID THAT TWO [DIFFERENT] HANDS CANNOT TAKE POSSESSION TOGETHER: HER FATHER ALONE MAY RECEIVE HER GET. ONE WHO IS NOT ABLE TO KEEP HER GET IS NOT CAPABLE OF BEING DIVORCED.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' She being still strictly speaking a minor. For the reason v, infra. [Here too opinions differ, Rashi: not even if her father receives the Get on her behalf, whereas Rabbenu Tam allows her divorce to be effected through her father, v. Tosaf.] ');">⁵</span>

מתקיף לה רב הונא בר מנוח הא שוטה בעלמא היא אלא אמר רב הונא בר מנוח משמיה דרב אחא בריה דרב איקא כל שמבחנת בין גיטה לדבר אחר

GEMARA, What is the difference in principle [between the Rabbis and R. Judah]? — The Rabbis held that the All-Merciful conferred upon her an extra hand, whereas R. Judah held that where her father can act, her own hand counts as nothing.

אמר רב יהודה אמר רבי אסי צרור וזורקו אגוז ונוטלו זוכה לעצמו ואין זוכה לאחרים חפץ ומחזירו לאחר שעה זוכה בין לעצמו ובין לאחרים

ONE WHO IS NOT ABLE TO KEEP HER GET, etc. Our Rabbis taught: A child<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Less than twelve years and one day. ');">⁶</span>

כי אמריתה קמיה דשמואל אמר לי דא ודא אחת היא מאי דא ודא אחת היא אמר רב חסדא אחד זה ואחד זה זוכה לעצמו ואין זוכה לאחרים

who knows how to keep her Get can be divorced, but if she does not know how to keep her Get she cannot be divorced. Whom do we mean by a child who knows how to keep her Get? One who keeps her Get and something else. What is the meaning of this? — R. Johanan said: It means, one who keeps something else in place of her Get.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the Get should be lost. ');">⁷</span>

מתיב רב חיננא וורדאן כיצד משתתפין במבוי מניח את החבית ואומר הרי זו לכל בני המבוי ומזכה להם ע"י בנו ובתו הגדולים וע"י עבדו ושפחתו העברים

R. Huna b. Manoah strongly demurred to this, saying, Such a one is a mere idiot? No, said R. Huna b. Manoah, quoting R. Aha the son of R. Ika: It means one who can distinguish between her Get and another object.

האי שפחה היכי דמי אי דאתיא שתי שערות מאי בעיא גביה אלא לאו דלא אתיא שתי שערות וקתני זוכה לאחרים

Rab Judah said in the name of R. Assi: [A child which if offered] a stone throws it away [but if offered] a nut takes it becomes possessor of anything given to itself<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the donor cannot take it back. ');">⁸</span>

שאני שיתופי מבואות דרבנן

but not [of anything given to it to give] to another.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the donor can take it back. ');">⁹</span>

אמר רב חסדא אישתיק וורדאן מאי הוה ליה למימר כל דתקון רבנן

[If when given] an article [to play with] it will return it after a time [when asked], it can become possessor either for itself or for others. When I stated this in the presence of Samuel, he said to me, Both cases are just the same. What is the meaning of 'both cases are just the same'? — R. Hisda replied: In either case the child becomes possessor for itself but not for others. R. Hinnena Waradan<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [I.e., from Baradan, on the Eastern bank of the Tigris, two hours distance from N. of Bagdad (Obermeyer op. cit. p. 269)]. ');">¹⁰</span> raised an objection: How can [all the residents]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the courts abutting on an alley-way. ');">¹¹</span> become partners in an alley-way?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So as to be allowed to carry articles into it and through its whole extent on Sabbath, v. 'Er. 73b. ');">¹²</span> One of them places a jar of wine there, saying, This is for all the residents of the alley-way, and he may confer possession upon them through his grown-up son or daughter or through his Hebrew manservant or maidservant. Now how are we to understand this maidservant? If she has grown two hairs,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., reached the age of puberty. ');">¹³</span> what is she doing with him?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it is his duty to emancipate her. ');">¹⁴</span> We must suppose therefore that she has not yet grown two hairs, and yet we are told that she can take possession on behalf of others?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which seems to refute the dictum of Samuel. ');">¹⁵</span> — The case of partnership in an alley-way is different, because [the prohibition of taking things out there] is only Rabbinical.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And therefore it does not matter if she did not strictly obtain possession. ');">¹⁶</span> R. Hisda said: Waradan was reduced to silence. What could he have answered? — [He could have said that] the Rabbis gave to their regulations