Gittin 145

והא קמ"ל דהלך על משענתו הוא דבעינן אומדנא אידך אומדנא נמי לא בעינן

and this is to show us that it is when he goes on a crutch that an estimate must be made, but that in the other case we do not even require to estimate.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And even if he passes from one illness to another, we presume that he died from the first illness. ');">¹</span>

שמעת מינה שכיב מרע שניתק מחולי לחולי מתנתו מתנה אין דאמר רבי אלעזר משמיה דרב שכיב מרע שניתק מחולי לחולי מתנתו מתנה

Are we to understand from this that the gift of a sick person who passes from one illness to another [and dies] is valid? — Yes, since R. Eleazar has said in the name of Rab, The gift of a sick person who passes from one illness into another is valid.

רבה ורבא לא סבירא להו הא דרב הונא גזירה שמא יאמרו יש גט לאחר מיתה

Rabbah and Raba did not concur in this opinion of R. Huna,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That a sick man on getting up can withdraw his Get, even if he had not used the formula 'if I die'. But v. Tosaf. 72b s.v. [H]. ');">²</span>

ומי איכא מידי דמדאורייתא לא הוי גיטא ומשום גזירה שרינן אשת איש לעלמא

as they were afraid it might lead people to think that a Get could be given after death.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When they see a Get which would become void if he recovered taking effect after his death if he does not recover. ');">³</span>

אין כל דמקדש אדעתא דרבנן מקדש ואפקעינהו רבנן לקדושין מיניה

But is it possible that where a Get is invalid according to the Torah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because the condition that he should die is not fulfilled. ');">⁴</span>

א"ל רבינא לרב אשי תינח דקדיש בכספא קדיש בביאה מאי איכא למימר א"ל שויוה רבנן לבעילתו בעילת זנות

we should, for fear [of misleading people], declare it effective for making a married woman marriageable? — Yes; whoever betroths a woman does so on the conditions laid down by the Rabbis, and the Rabbis have nullified the betrothal of such a one.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By means of this Get. ');">⁵</span>

ת"ר זה גיטיך מהיום אם מתי מחולי זה ונפל הבית עליו או הכישו נחש אינו גט אם לא אעמוד מחולי זה ונפל עליו בית או הכישו נחש ה"ז גט

Said Rabina to R. Ashi: This can well be where he betrothed by means of a money gift, but if he betrothed by means of intercourse what can we say? — He replied: The Rabbis declared his intercourse to be fornication.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra, 33a. ');">⁶</span>

מאי שנא רישא ומאי שנא סיפא

Our Rabbis taught: If he says, This is thy Get from to-day if I die from this illness, and the house fell on him or a serpent bit him, it is no Get. If he said, If I do not get up from this illness, and the house fell on him or a serpent bit him, it is a Get. Why is the rule different in the first case and in the second?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [The answer to the questions left unanswered here is supplied by the Jerusalem Talmud. In the first case he did not die from that illness. Whereas in the second, where the emphasis was on his 'getting up', the Get is valid since he did not after all 'get up'. Our Talmud however, did not evidently accept this distinction, seeing that in both cases the words 'from this illness' form part of the condition, and thus rejects the Baraitha. Tosaf.] ');">⁷</span>

שלחו מתם אכלו ארי אין לנו

— They sent from there<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Palestine. ');">⁸</span>

ההוא גברא דזבין ארעא לחבריה קביל עליה כל אונסא דמתיליד לסוף אפיקו בה נהרא

to say [in answer to an inquiry], If a lion consumed him, we cannot consider [it a Get].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because this is an exceptional accident which he cannot have had in his mind when he said 'if I die'. ');">⁹</span>

אתא לקמיה דרבינא א"ל זיל שפי ליה דהא קבילת עלך כל אונסא דמתיליד א"ל רב אחא בר תחליפא לרבינא אונסא דלא שכיח הוא

A certain man sold a field to his neighbour, guaranteeing him against any accident that might happen to it. Eventually they [the Government] turned a river through it. He consulted Rabina, who said to him, You must go and clear it for him, since you have guaranteed him against any accident which may happen to it. Thereupon R. Aha b. Tahalifa remarked to Rabina: It is an exceptional kind of accident. Various opinions were taken<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the matter was circulated'. ');">¹⁰</span>

איגלגל מילתא ומטא לקמיה דרבא אמר להו אונסא דלא שכיח הוא איתיביה רבינא לרבא אם לא אעמוד מחולי זה ונפל עליו בית או הכישו נחש ה"ז גט

and the matter was at last laid before Raba, who said, it is an exceptional kind of accident. Rabina raised [the following] objection against Raba: '[Where he said] If I do not get up from this illness, and the house fell on him or a serpent bit him, this is a Get'? — Raba replied: Why do you not quote the earlier clause, where it says, 'It is no Get'? — Said R. Aha from Difti to Rabina: Because the first clause conflicts with the second, may we not raise an objection from the latter? — He replied: That is so; since the first clause conflicts with the second, the latter was not discussed in the <i>Beth Hamidrash</i>, and it is not authentic. [You must therefore] follow your own reason.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which would tell you that he did not have such an exceptional accident in his mind. ');">¹¹</span>

אמר ליה רבא ואימא מרישא אינו גט

R. Papa and R. Huna the son of R. Joshua bought some sesame on the bank of Nehar Malka,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Alfasi reads Nehar Malka Saba, the Grand Canal connecting the Euphrates with the Tigris, (Obermeyer op. cit. p. 171). V. also B.M. (Sonc. ed.) p. 609, n. 5.] ');">¹²</span>

א"ל רב אחא מדפתי לרבינא ומשום דקשיא רישא אסיפא לא מותבינן תיובתא מינה

and they hired some boatmen to bring it across<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To Naresh (v. supra p. 330, n. 1.) the home of R. Papa. The boats had for this purpose to sail up the Euphrates and thence pass into the canal Nars (loc. cit. p. 171). ');">¹³</span>

אמר ליה אין כיון דקשיא רישא אסיפא לא איתמר בי מדרשא ומשבשתא היא זיל בתר סברא

with a guarantee against any accident that might happen to it. After a time the Nehar Malka canal was stopped up. They said to them: Hire asses and deliver the stuff to us, since you have guaranteed us against any accident. They appealed to Raba, who said to them: White ducks<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., greybeards (Rashi). Cf. Keth. 85a. [Obermeyer loc. cit. Pelican, a bird which owing to its large pouch on its lower jaw for the storage of fish is a symbol among orientals for greediness.] ');">¹⁴</span>

רב פפא ורב הונא בריה דרב יהושע זבן שומשמי אגידא דנהר מלכא אגור מלחי לעבורינהו קבילו עלייהו כל אונסא דמתיליד לסוף איסתכר נהר מלכא

who want to strip men of their clothes, it is an exceptional kind of accident.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And therefore they are not responsible. ');">¹⁵</span>

אמרו להו אגורו חמרי אפקעינהו ניהלן דהא קבילתו עלייכו כל אונסא דמיתליד

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. SHE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A woman to whom her husband has given a Get with the words 'from now if I die'. ');">¹⁶</span>

אתו לקמיה דרבא אמר להו קאקי חיורי משלחי גלימי דאינשי אונסא דלא שכיח הוא:

SHOULD NOT CONSORT WITH HIM<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because if she is still his wife and he has intercourse with her she will require a second Get, and if she is not his wife he commits an offence by consorting privately with an unmarried woman. ');">¹⁷</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> לא תתייחד עמו אלא בפני עדים

SAVE IN THE PRESENCE OF WITNESSES, THOUGH A SLAVE OR A BONDWOMAN IS SUFFICIENT — NOT, HOWEVER, HER OWN BONDWOMAN, SINCE SHE CAN TAKE LIBERTIES WITH HER OWN HANDMAID.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'her heart in her is proud towards her handmaid', i.e., she feels no shame in her presence. ');">¹⁸</span>

אפי' על פי עבד אפי' ע"פ שפחה חוץ משפחתה מפני שלבה גס בה בשפחתה

WHAT IS HER STATUS DURING THOSE DAYS?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Between the delivery of the Get and his death. ');">¹⁹</span>

מה היא באותן הימים רבי יהודה אומר

R. JUDAH SAYS THAT