Gittin 174

Chapter 174

א ודלמא בשמא דאבוה חתים לא שביק איניש שמיה וחתים שמא דאבוה

1 But perhaps he signed the name of his father? — A man would not omit his own name and sign the name of his father. But perhaps he uses it as a mark?1

ב ודילמא סימנא שוייה דהא רב צייר כוורא רבי חנינא חרותא רב חסדא סמ"ך רב הושעיא עי"ן רבה בר רב הונא צייר מכותא

2 Did not Rab [for his signature] draw a fish, R. Hanina a palm branch, R. Hisda a samek, R. Hoshaya an ayin, and Rabbah son of R. Hanah a mast?2

ג לא חציף איניש לשויי לשמא דאבוה סימנא

3 — A man would not take the liberty of using his father's name as a mark. But cannot the one Get be rendered valid by two Hebrew signatures and the other by two Greek signatures,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi says that a 'Greek' signature means one in which the name of the father comes before the name of the son, but it is more natural to suppose that it means simply one written in the Greek way, i.e., from left to right, so that the substantive signature would come under the left-hand Get and he separated from it by two lines containing the names of the fathers of the Hebrew signatories. ');">3

ד וליתכשר האי בשני עדים עברים וליתכשר האי בשני עדים יונים דתנן גט שכתבו עברית ועדיו יונית יונית ועדיו עברית כשר

4 since we have learnt, 'A Get written in Hebrew and signed in Greek or written in Greek and signed in Hebrew is valid'? And should you object that since [the second Get] is separated [from its signatures] by two lines4

ה וכ"ת כיון דמופלג בשני שיטין לא והאמר חזקיה מלאהו בקרובים כשר

5 it is not valid, has not Hezekiah said: If he filled up the space5

ו הא תני זעירי שניהן כשרין ותנא דידן דלמא גונדלית חתים וכולהו אחד הוא דחתימי:

6 [with the signatures of] relatives,6

ז עד אחד עברי ועד אחד יוני: וליתכשר האי בעד אחד עברי ועד אחד יוני והאי בעד אחד עברי ועד אחד יוני דהא תנן עד אחד עברי ועד אחד יוני כשר

7 it is still valid? — Ze'iri has in fact taught that both of them are valid. What then [is the reason of] our Tanna? — [He thinks perhaps] the [Greek] signatures are reversed,7

ח הא תני זעירי שניהם כשרים ותנא דידן דלמא גונדלית חתים ותלתא אחד וחד אחד:

8 so that all are subscribed to the one Get.

ט <big>מתני׳</big> שייר מקצת הגט וכתבו בדף השני והעדים מלמטה כשר חתמו עדים בראש הדף מן הצד או מאחריו בגט פשוט פסול

9 ONE SIGNATURE IN HEBREW AND ONE IN GREEK. But cannot one Get be rendered valid by one Hebrew signature and one Greek and the other also by one Hebrew signature and one Greek, since we have learnt that if there is one Hebrew signature and one Greek the document is valid? — Ze'iri has in fact taught that both are valid. What then [is the reason of] our Tanna? — He thinks that perhaps one of the signatures is reversed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One of the witnesses either Greek or Hebrew might have, under the influence of the preceding signatures, signed in a reverse manner respectively either to the left or to the right, with the result that three of the signatures belong to one document only. ');">8

י הקיף ראשו של זה בצד ראשו של זה והעדים באמצע שניהם פסולין סופו של זה בצד סופו של זה והעדים באמצע את שהעדים נקרין עמו כשר ראשו של זה בצד סופו של זה והעדים באמצע את שהעדים נקרין בסופו כשר

10 so that there are three signatures to one Get and only one to the other.

יא גט שכתבו עברית ועדיו יוונית יוונית ועדיו עברי' עד אחד עברי ועד אחד יווני כתב סופר ועד כשר

11 MISHNAH. IF SOME OF THE GET WAS LEFT OVER [FROM THE FIRST SHEET] AND IS WRITTEN ON THE NEXT SHEET9

יב איש פלוני עד כשר בן איש פלוני עד כשר איש פלוני בן איש פלוני ולא כתב עד כשר וכך היו נקיי הדעת שבירושלים עושין כתב חניכתו וחניכתה כשר:

12 AND THE WITNESSES [SIGN] BELOW, [THE GET IS] VALID. IF THE WITNESSES HAVE SIGNED AT THE TOP OF THE SHEET OR AT THE SIDE OR ON THE BACK OF AN UNFOLDED GET,10

יג <big>גמ׳</big> וליחוש דלמא הני תרי גיטי הוו ואיתרמי ליה זמן דקמא ועדים דבתרא וגזייה לזמן דבתרא ועדים דקמא

13 IT IS INVALID. IF THE TOP OF ONE GET IS FASTENED TO THE TOP OF ANOTHER AND THE WITNESSES' SIGNATURES ARE BETWEEN THE TWO, BOTH OF THEM ARE INVALID.11

יד א"ר אבא אמר רב כשיש ריוח מלמטה ודלמא זמן דבתרא מיגז גזייה כדא"ר אבא א"ר כשיש ריוח מלמטה

14 IF THE TWO ARE ATTACHED END TO END AND THE WITNESSES' SIGNATURES ARE BETWEEN, THE ONE ON WHICH THE WITNESSES SIGNATURES FOLLOW DIRECTLY12 IS VALID. IF THE TOP OF ONE IS ATTACHED TO THE BOTTOM OF THE OTHER AND THE WITNESSES SIGNATURES ARE IN THE MIDDLE, THE ONE IN WHICH THE SIGNATURES COME AT THE END IS VALID. A GET OF WHICH THE TEXT IS IN HEBREW AND THE SIGNATURES IN GREEK, OR THE TEXT IN GREEK AND THE SIGNATURES IN HEBREW, OR WHICH HAS ONE HEBREW SIGNATURE AND ONE GREEK, OR WHICH WAS WRITTEN BY A SCRIBE AND SIGNED BY ONE WITNESS, IS VALID. IF A MAN SIGNS, 'SO-AND SO, WITNESS,' IT IS VALID. IF HE SIGNS, 'SON OF SO-AND-SO, WITNESS, IT IS VALID, IF HE SIGNS, 'SO-AND-SO SON OF SO-AND-SO WITHOUT ADDING 'WITNESS', IT IS VALID. THIS WAS THE CUSTOM OF THE MORE ELEGANT CIRCLES13 IN JERUSALEM.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., to sign only 'So-and-so son of So-and-so'. According to another reading, this sentence is placed after the next, and the custom referred to will then be that of writing the family name. V. Tosaf. 88a s.v. [H]. ');">14 IF HE WROTE HIS OWN FAMILY NAME AND HERS,15 THE GET IS VALID. GEMARA. [IF SOME OF THE GET IS WRITTEN ON THE NEXT SHEET.] But is there not a danger that these were originally two distinct bills, and he has kept the date of the first and the witnesses of the last and cut off the date of the second and the signatures of the first?16 — R. Abba said in the name of Rab: We suppose there is a space at the bottom.17 But is there not a danger that he has cut off the date of the second?18 — As R. Abba in the name of Rab answered in the previous instance, that we suppose there is a space at the bottom,

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