Gittin 3

מתני׳ <big><strong>המביא</strong></big> גט ממדינת הים צריך שיאמר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. THE BEARER OF A BILL OF DIVORCE [GET] FROM [A HUSBAND IN] FOREIGN PARTS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'province of the sea': a name given to all countries outside of Palestine and Babylonia. ');">¹</span>

רבן גמליאל אומר אף המביא מן הרקם ומן החגר ר' אליעזר אומר אפילו מכפר לודים ללוד

[TO THE LAND OF ISRAEL] IS REQUIRED TO DECLARE [ON PRESENTING IT TO THE WIFE]. 'IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS WRITTEN AND IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS SIGNED.' RABBAN GAMALIEL SAYS: [THIS DECLARATION IS] ALSO [REQUIRED] IF HE BRINGS IT FROM REKEM OR FROM HEGAR.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Biblical Kadesh and Bared (Gen. XVI, 14), on the southern border of Palestine, [v. Targum Onkelos loc. cit. Josephus (Ant. IV. 7, 1) who names the place Arekem (cf. oerv in our Mishnah) identifies it with Petra. Hegar is identified by Hildesheimer, Beitrage zur Geographie Palastinas (pp. 53 and 68) with the wilderness of Shur on the South-western Palestine border of Egypt]. ');">²</span>

וחכ"א אינו צריך שיאמר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם אלא המביא ממדינת הים והמוליך והמביא ממדינה למדינה במדינת הים צריך שיאמר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם רשב"ג אומר אפילו מהגמוניא להגמוניא

R. ELEAZAR SAYS: EVEN IF HE BRINGS IT FROM KEFAR LUDIM TO LUD.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lydda. Two neighbouring places on opposite sides of the border. [Kefar Ludim was about two hours walking distance from Lud on the north-west, v. Kaftorhwa-Ferah (Luncz ed.) p. 128]. ');">³</span>

ר' יהודה אומר מרקם למזרח ורקם כמזרח מאשקלון לדרום ואשקלון כדרום מעכו לצפון ועכו כצפון ר"מ אומר עכו כארץ ישראל לגיטין

THE SAGES, HOWEVER, SAY THAT THE DECLARATION 'IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS WRITTEN AND IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS SIGNED' IS REQUIRED ONLY FROM ONE WHO BRINGS A BILL OF DIVORCE [FROM FOREIGN PARTS TO THE LAND OF ISRAEL] OR WHO TAKES IT [FROM THE LAND OF ISRAEL TO FOREIGN PARTS].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The point of this remark is discussed infra 4b. ');">⁴</span>

המביא גט בארץ ישראל אינו צריך שיאמר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם ואם יש עליו עוררים יתקיים בחותמיו:

THE BEARER [OF SUCH A DOCUMENT] FROM ONE PROVINCE TO ANOTHER IN FOREIGN PARTS IS ALSO REQUIRED TO DECLARE, IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS WRITTEN AND IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS SIGNED.' RABBAN SIMEON B. GAMALIEL SAYS IT IS REQUIRED EVEN IF HE TAKES IT FROM ONE GOVERNORSHIP<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [G]. V. infra 4b. ');">⁵</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מ"ט רבה אמר

TO ANOTHER. R. JUDAH SAYS: [FOREIGN PARTS EXTEND] FROM REKEM EASTWARDS, REKEM BEING INCLUDED; FROM ASKELON SOUTHWARDS, ASKELON INCLUDED; AND FROM ACCO<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The modern Acre. ');">⁶</span> NORTHWARDS, ACCO INCLUDED. R. MEIR, [HOWEVER,] HELD THAT ACCO COUNTS AS ERETZ ISRAEL IN THE MATTER OF BILLS OF DIVORCE. THE BEARER OF A BILL OF DIVORCE [FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER] IN THE LAND OF ISRAEL IS NOT REQUIRED TO DECLARE, 'IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS WRITTEN AND IN MY PRESENCE IT WAS SIGNED;' IF ITS VALIDITY IS CHALLENGED IT MUST BE ESTABLISHED THROUGH THE SIGNATURES.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., by bringing proof that the signatures are authentic. ');">⁷</span> <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. What is the reason [for this requirement]? Rabbah Says: