Kiddushin 93

Chapter 93

א לא שנו אלא דאמר לה בזו ובזו ובזו אבל אמר לה באלו אפילו אוכלת נמי מקודשת כי קא אכלה מדנפשה קאכלה
1 This was taught only if he said to her, 'With this and with this and with this.' But if he said to her, '[Be tho betrothed unto me] with these,' even if she eats [them one by one], she is betrothed:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If they are collectively worth a perutah.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב תניא כותיה דרבא התקדשי לי באלון ברמון ובאגוז או שאמר לה התקדשי לי באלו אם יש בכולן שוה פרוטה מקודשת ואם לאו אינה מקודשת בזו ובזו ובזו אם יש בכולם שוה פרוטה מקודשת ואם לאו אינה מקודשת בזו נטלתו ואכלתו בזו נטלתו ואכלתו ועוד בזו ועוד בזו אינה מקודשת עד שיהא באחת מהן שוה פרוטה
2 when she eats, she eats her own.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The kiddushin begins to take effect as soon as she accepts the first one.');"><sup>2</sup></span> It was taught in accordance with Raba: [If he says] 'Be thou betrothed unto me with an acorn, a pomegranate and a nut'; or if he says to her, 'Be thou betrothed unto me with these' - if they are all together worth a perutah, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed.'
ג האי באלון ברמון באגוז היכי דמי אילימא דאמר לה או באלון או ברמון או באגוז אם יש בכולן שוה פרוטה מקודשת והא או קאמר ואלא באלון וברמון ובאגוז היינו בזו ובזו ובזו אלא לאו דאמר לה באלו הא מדקתני סיפא או שאמר לה התקדשי לי באלו מכלל דרישא לאו באלו עסקינן
3 [Be thou betrothed unto me] with this and this and this' - if they are all together worth a perutah, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed.' With this one' whereupon she took and ate it; 'with this one' - and she took and ate it; 'and also with this one, and also with this one' - she is not betrothed unless one of them is worth a perutah.
ד פירושי קא מפרש התקדשי לי באלון ברמון באגוז כיצד כגון דאמר לה התקדשי לי באלו
4 Now, what is meant by this [clause], 'with an acorn, a pomegranate, and or a nut'? Shall we assume that he said to her, 'either' with an acorn, a pomegranate, or a nut'? 'If they are altogether worth a perutah she is betrothed'! But he said: 'or'! Again if it means, 'with an acorn and a pomegranate and a nut' - then it is identical with 'with this and with this!'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why state it twice.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ה וקתני סיפא בזו נטלתו ואכלתו אם יש באחת מהם שוה פרוטה מקודשת ואם לאו אינה מקודשת
5 Hence it must surely mean that he said to her, 'With these'. But since the second clause teaches: 'or if he said to her, "Be thou betrothed unto me with these,"' it follows that the first clause does not refer to 'wit these'! Hence it [must be taken] as [an] explanatory [clause].'
ו ואילו רישא לא קא מפליג בין אוכלת למנחת שמע מינה כל היכא דאמר לה באלו כי קא אכלה מנפשה קא אכלה שמע מינה
6 Be thou betrothed unto me with an acorn, a pomegranate and a nut', that is, where he said: 'Be betrothed unto me with these'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [MS.M. has a much shorter and simpler text: Now what is meant by this (clause) 'with an acorn . . or a nut'? E.g., where he said 'be betrothed unto me with these', and the final clause teaches 'with this one' etc.]');"><sup>4</sup></span> Now, the final clause teaches: 'With this one and she took and ate it: if one of them is worth a perutah she is betrothed, but not otherwise.
ז הניחא למאן דאמר אסיפא קאי ומאי עד שיהא באחת מהן שוה פרוטה עד שיהא באחרונה שוה פרוטה הכי נמי עד שיהא באחרונה שוה פרוטה
7 Whereas the first clause draws no distinction whether she eats or lays it down. This proves that whenever he says to her, 'with these,' if she eats, she eats her own.
ח אלא לרב ושמואל דאמרי תרוייהו ארישא קאי ואוכלת איצטריכא ליה הכא כללי קחשיב פרטי לא קא חשיב
8 This proves it. [Reverting to the final clause of the Mishnah,] That is well on the view that it refers to the second clause and what is meant by, UNLESS ONE OF THEM IS WORTH A PERUTAH?
ט הא מני רבי היא דאמר לא שנא כזית כזית ולא שנא כזית וכזית פרטא הוי
9 Unless the last is worth a perutah. Then here too [in the Baraitha just quoted] it means, unless the last is worth a perutah.
י אמר רב המקדש במלוה אינה מקודשת מלוה להוצאה ניתנה נימא כתנאי המקדש במלוה אינה מקודשת ויש אומרים מקודשת מאי לאו בהא קמיפלגי דמר סבר מלוה להוצאה ניתנה ומר סבר מלוה לאו להוצאה ניתנה
10 But according to Rab and Samuel, who maintain that it refers to the first clause, it being necessary to state the case of eating: here comprehensive statements are given, but not detailed enumerations?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How do they explain, 'unless one of them is worth a perutah'? For the clause, 'With this and this and this' is a comprehensive statement, in so far as it is taught that if they are all together worth, etc. Hence there is no clause in the Baraitha equivalent to the first clause in the MISHNAH: Now, according to R. Ammi, it is well, since in the Mishnah too 'If she eats' refers to the second clause, viz., likewise to his comprehensive statement. But according to Rab and Samuel it must refer to a detailed enumeration, viz., by this, by this (not and by this) ; but such a clause is absent in the Baraitha.');"><sup>5</sup></span> - This agrees with Rabbi, who said: There is no difference between 'the size of an olive, the size of an olive,' and 'the size of an olive and the size of an olive': they are [both] detailed enumerations.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If one sacrifices an animal with the expressed intention of eating the size of an olive thereof after the time limit, the sacrifice is 'abomination', and he is liable to kareth (q.v. Glos.) ; if to eat it without the boundaries fixed for its eating, the sacrifice is unfit, but he is not liable to kareth. I the case of a combined intention, the latter ruling applies. R. Judah rules: The intention first expressed determines its particular law. Thereon Rabbi said: There is no difference whether he declares, 'I will eat the size of an olive after time, the size of an olive without the boundaries,' or 'I will eat the size of an olive after time and the size of an olive, etc.': both are detailed enumerations, the first of which determines its law according to R. Judah, and not comprehensive statements (i.e., combined intentions) . Consequently, this clause of our Baraitha, 'With this one, etc.,' was not taught by the same Tanna as the former, but in agreement with Rabbi that even when he adds the copulative and with this one, each is a separate declaration: 'Be thou betrothed unto me with this one,' 'Be thou betrothed unto me with this one.' Hence when it is stated: 'If she ate, etc. ,'the same holds good even with greater force if she lays down each (v. Rab and Samuel's reasoning on 46a, which likewise applies here) .');"><sup>6</sup></span>
יא ותסברא אימא סיפא ושוים במכר שזה קנה אי אמרת מלוה להוצאה ניתנה במאי קני
11 Rab said: If one betroths [a woman] with a debt, she is not betrothed:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even if the money loaned is actually now in her possession.');"><sup>7</sup></span> a loan is given to be expended.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The debtor may expend it as he desires, and is not bound to put it in a business so that it should always be at hand when the creditor demands its return. Hence this money which she actually possesses is her own, and he gives her nothing at all. v. supra p. 21, n. 9.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יב אמר רב נחמן הונא חברין מוקים לה במילי אוחרי והכא במאי עסקינן כגון שאמר לה התקדשי לי במנה ונמצא מנה חסר דינר מר סבר כסיפא לה מילתא למיתבעיה ומר סבר לא כסיפא לה מילתא למיתבעיה
12 Shall we say that this is disputed by Tannaim: If one betroths [a woman] with a debt, she is not betrothed; but some say she is betrothed. Surely they differ in this: one Master holds that a loan is given to be expended, whereas the other holds that it is not?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As explained in the previous note.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יג ואלא הא דאמר רבי אלעזר התקדשי לי במנה ונתן לה דינר הרי זו מקודשת וישלים לימא כתנאי אמרה לשמעתיה אמרי מנה חסר דינר כסיפא לה מילתא למיתבעיה מנה חסר תשעים ותשע לא כסיפא לה מילתא למיתבעיה
13 - Now, is that plausible? Consider the second clause: And both agree in respect to purchase that he acquires it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If A sells land to B, B can acquire it in virtue of money he lent him previously (land being acquired by money, supra 26a) , if A possesses the actual money loaned.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
יד מיתיבי האומר לאשה התקדשי לי בפקדון שיש לי בידך והלכה ומצאתו שנגנב או שאבד אם נשתייר הימנו שוה פרוטה מקודשת ואם לאו אינה מקודשת ובמלוה אף על פי שלא נשתייר הימנו שוה פרוטה מקודשת רבי שמעון בן אלעזר אומר משום רבי מאיר מלוה
14 but if you say that a loan is given to be expended, wherewith does he acquire it? - Said R'Nahman: Huna our companion relates this [Baraitha] to another matter. We suppose the reference here is to the case where he said to her, 'Be thou betrothed unto me with a maneh,' and the maneh was found to be short of a denar:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The denar is the loan referred to.');"><sup>11</sup></span> one Master holds that she is bashful to claim it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence she is not betrothed.');"><sup>12</sup></span> the other, that she is not.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' She relies upon receiving it, and so the betrothal is valid.');"><sup>13</sup></span> If so, when R'Eleazar said: [If he declares,] 'Be thou betrothed unto me with a maneh,' and he gives her a denar, she is betrothed, and he must make it up - shall we say that he stated this ruling in dependence upon Tannaim?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., knowing that it is disputed by Tannaim.');"><sup>14</sup></span> - I will tell you: when the maneh lacks [but] a denar, she may be bashful to claim it; when the maneh is short of ninety-nine, she is [certainly] not bashful to claim it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence all agree that she is betrothed.');"><sup>15</sup></span> An objection is raised: If he says to a woman, 'Be thou betrothed unto me with the deposit which I have in thy possession,' and she goes and finds that it is stolen or destroyed; if the value of a perutah is left thereo she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. But in the case of a debt, even if a perutah's worth thereof<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the actual money he lent her.');"><sup>16</sup></span> is not left, she is betrothed. R'Simeon B'Eleazar said on R'Meir's authority: A debt