Meilah 21

Chapter 21

א ואם עד שלא כיפרו הבעלים תרעה עד שתסתאב ותמכר ויקחו בדמיה אחרת ועושה תמורה ומועלין בה

1 IF BEFORE THE OWNER HAD BEEN ATONED, IT SHALL GO TO PASTURE UNTIL IT BECOMES UNFIT [FOR SACRIFICE].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., until it contracts a blemish. This phrase refers, of course, only to the one which has passed the age-limit. for in the other instance the animal is found with a blemish.');">1

ב <big>גמ׳</big> מאי שנא רישא דלא קא מיפלגי ומאי שנא סיפא דקא מיפלגי

2 THEN IT SHALL BE SOLD AND FOR THE EQUIVALENT ANOTHER [SACRIFICE] SHALL BE BOUGHT; IT CAN EFFECT A SUBSTITUTE AND IS SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF SACRILEGE.

ג רישא פסיקא ליה סיפא לא פסיקא ליה

3 <big>GEMARA: </big>Why this difference in that no distinction is made2

ד הא תנא ליה גבי תמורה תנא התם משום תמורה תנא הכא משום מעילה

4 in the first clause while in the concluding a distinction is made? - In the first clause the ruling is absolute,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' There is no object in making this distinction, for in all the three instances of the first clause the position is final; the young and the exchange are themselves not considered offerings, and in the case of the owners' death the sin for which the offering was brought is already expiated.');">3 in the concluding it is not.

ה <big>מתני׳</big> המפריש מעות לנזירותו לא נהנין ולא מועלין מפני שהן ראוין לבא כולן שלמים

5 But has not this [Mishnah] been taught already in connection with exchanges?4

ו מת והיו לו מעות סתומין יפלו לנדבה מעות מפורשים דמי חטאת ילכו לים המלח לא נהנין ולא מועלין

6 - There it has been taught for the sake of its reference to the law of exchanges, here by reason of its reference to the Law of Sacrilege. <big>MISHNAH: </big>IF ONE HAS SET ASIDE MONEY FOR HIS NAZIRITE OFFERINGS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Without specifying what portion of the sum is designated for each of the required offerings, viz., a sin-offering, a burnt-offering and a peace-offering. V. Num. VI, 14f.');">5

ז דמי עולה יביאו עולה ומועלין בהן דמי שלמים יביאו שלמים ונאכלין ליום אחד ואין טעונין לחם

7 IT MAY NOT BE USED, BUT THE LAW OF SACRILEGE DOES NOT APPLY TO IT, AS IT MAY ALL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of each coin one may say, perhaps this is designated for the peace-offering (Rashi) . Tosaf.: The whole sum may be used for the peace. offering, and the other offerings bought with other money.');">6 BE USED FOR THE PEACE-OFFERING.7

ח <big>גמ׳</big> מתקיף לה ריש לקיש וליתני נמי המפריש מעות לקינים

8 IF HE DIED AND LEFT MONEY [FOR HIS NAZlrite OFFERINGS]. IF UNSPECIFIED IT SHALL GO TO THE NEDABAH8

ט לא נהנין ולא מועלין מפני שהן ראוין להביא תורין שלא הגיע זמנן ובני יונה שעבר זמנן

י אמר רבא אמרה תורה במעות סתומין הבא שלמים אמרה תורה הבא תורין שלא הגיע זמנן אינן ראויין למזבח

10 FUND; IF SPECIFIED, THE MONEY DESIGNATED FOR THE SIN-OFFERINGS SHALL BE TAKEN TO THE SALT [DEAD] SEA;9 IT MAY NOT BE USED, THOUGH THE LAW OF SACRILEGE DOES NOT APPLY TO IT. WITH THE MONEY DESIGNATED FOR A BURNT-OFFERING THEY SHALL BRING A BURNT-OFFERlng;10

יא <big>מתני׳</big> רבי שמעון אומר הדם קל בתחלה וחמור בסופו נסכין חומר בתחלתן וקל בסופן

11 THE LAW OF SACRILEGE APPLIES TO IT. WITH THE MONEY DESIGNATED FOR THE PEACE-OFFERING THEY SHALL BRING A PEACE-OFFERING, AND IT HAS TO BE CONSUMED WITHIN A DAY,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As in the case of the peace-offering of a Nazirite and not as in the instance of an ordinary peace-offering whose flesh may be consumed during two days and the night in between.');">11

יב דם בתחלתו אין מועלין יצא לנחל קדרון מועלין בו נסכין בתחלתן מועלין בהן ירדו לשיתין אין מועלין בהן

12 BUT REQUIRES NO BREAD OFFERING.12 <big>GEMARA: </big>Resh Lakish demurred: Why does not [the Mishnah] teach also the following case: If one has set aside monies for bird-offerings,13

יג <big>גמ׳</big> ת"ר מועלין בדמים דברי ר' מאיר ור"ש וחכ"א אין מועלין

13 they may not be used but the Law of Sacrilege does not apply to them because he might buy with them turtledoves which have not reached the prescribed age or pigeons which have passed the prescribed age?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Turtle-doves are fit for offerings only after they have reached a certain age, pigeons only under that age. cf. Hul. 22b. The argument is: As he might buy with the money something which is not subject to sacrilege. the money. too, should not be subject to the Law of Sacrilege, as in the instance of the MISHNAH:');">14 - Said Raba: [In our case] the Torah rules that for the unspecified money [also] a peace offering shall be purchased; but does the Torah ever rule that turtle-doves which have not reached the right age shall be offered? Are they not indeed unfit for the altar? <big>MISHNAH: </big>R'SIMEON15

יד מ"ט דמ"ד אין מועלין אמר עולא אמר קרא (ויקרא יז, יא) ואני נתתיו לכם שלכם הוא דבי ר' ישמעאל תנא לכפר לכפרה נתתיו ולא למעילה

14 SAYS: [THE LAW RELATING TO] BLOOD IS LENIENT AT THE BEGINNING [OF THE OFFERING CEREMONY] AND STRINGENT AT THE END; [THAT RELATING TO] LIBATIONS IS STRINGENT AT THE BEGINNING AND LENIENT AT THE END; BLOOD IS EXEMPTED FROM THE LAW OF SACRILEGE AT THE BEGINNING, BUT IS SUBJECT TO IT AFTER IT HAS FLOWED AWAY TO THE BROOK KIDRON;16 LIBATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF SACRILEGE AT THE BEGINNING, BUT ARE EXEMPTED FROM IT AFTER THEY FLOWED DOWN INTO THE SHITTln.17 <big>GEMARA: </big>Our Rabbis taught:18 'The Law of Sacrilege applies to blood. These are the words of R'Meir and R'Simeon; but the Sages say.

טו רבי יוחנן אמר אמר קרא (ויקרא יז, יא) כי הדם הוא בנפש יכפר לפני כפרה כלאחר כפרה הוא מה לאחר כפרה אין בו מעילה אף לפני כפרה אין בו מעילה

15 It does not apply'. What is the reason of them Who hold that it does not apply?19

טז ואימא מה לפני כפרה יש בו מעילה אף לאחר כפרה יש בו מעילה

16 - Said 'Ulla: Scripture says. And I have given it to you,20

יז וכי יש לך דבר שנעשית מצותו ויש בו מעילה אמאי לא

17 [suggesting] it shall be yours.21 The School of R'Ishmael taught: [It reads there] to make atonement20 [meaning], I have given it for atonement, but not [to make it subject] to the Law of Sacrilege. R'Johanan says: Scripture Says. For it is the blood that maketh atonement by reason of the life.22 [The blood] before [the act of]23 atonement is to be compared to its status after the act of atonement.24 Just as after the act of atonement it is exempted from the Law of Sacrilege, so before the act of atonement it is exempted from the Law of Sacrilege. But why not infer [in the other direction]: Just as before the act of atonement the Law of Sacrilege applies to it, so also after the act of atonement the Law of Sacrilege applies to it? - Is there at all a thing to which the Law of Sacrilege applies after the Prescribed ceremony had been performed therewith! - But why not?

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