Meilah 34
ר"א בר ר' יוסי
Said R'Jose to them: And were my father Halafta still alive, would you have said to him to give his son for slaughter?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So you cannot expect me to send my son. He feared that R. Simeon might curse his son as he explains later in the conversation, but R. Simeon misunderstood this as cowardice, viz., that he feared to run the risk of being executed by the Romans, and therefore replied with displeasure that he, too, is risking his life.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
אילו היה יוחאי אבא קיים יכולין אתם לומר לו תן בנך להריגה
Notwithstanding this, he did punish him, for when they were proceeding on the way the following question was raised in their presence: Wherefrom do we know that the blood of a reptile is unclean?
מעקימת שפתיך אתה ניכר שתלמיד חכם אתה אל יחזור הבן אצל אביו
Thereupon R'Simeon wept and said: The handmaid of my ancestor's house was found worthy of meeting an angel<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Refers to Hagar, Gen. XVI.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
השרץ והנבלה וכן הנבלה ובשר המת אין מצטרפין זה עם זה לטמא אפילו בקל שבשניהן
AS WELL AS NEBELAH AND THE FLESH OF A CORPSE CANNOT COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO EFFECT UNCLEANNESS, NOT EVEN IN RESPECT OF THE MORE LENIENT OF THE TWO [GRADES] OF DEFILEMENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The gradation refers both to the standard size and the duration of uncleanness. The uncleanness caused through contact with a corpse lasts seven days, with nebelah or a reptile only one day. The standard size for nebelah and a corpse is an olive, that of a reptile is a lentil. Any two of these cannot combine even to the larger of the respective standard sizes, and even to effect the uncleanness of the lesser duration of the two.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
לא שנו אלא לטומאת הידים דמדרבנן היא אבל לענין אכילה מצטרפין דתניא ר' אליעזר אומר (שמות כט, לד) לא יאכל כי קדש הוא כל שבקדש פסול בא הכתוב ליתן לא תעשה על אכילתו
has been taught only with reference to the uncleanness of the hands,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Both nothar and piggul render the hands unclean through contact, cf. Pes. 120b.');"><sup>21</sup></span>
<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> האוכל שנטמא באב הטומאה ושנטמא בולד הטומאה מצטרפין זה עם זה לטמא בקל שבשניהם כל האוכלים מצטרפין זה עם זה לפסול הגוייה כבחצי פרס כבמזון שתי סעודות לעירוב וכביצה לטמא טומאת אוכלין וכגרוגרת להוצאת שבת וככותבת ביום הכפורים
which is only a Rabbinical enactment, but with regard to [the liability attached to] eating they can combine with one another.
<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תניא רבי שמעון אומר
R'Eliezer said: It says, it shall not be eaten for it is holy;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXIX, 34. Rashi reads, for they are holy' probably with reference to verse 33, and derives this conclusion from the fact that the plural is used, referring as it seems not only to nothar but also to piggul.');"><sup>23</sup></span>
מה טעם
with this the Writ comes to impose a negative command upon whatever among holy things has become disqualified.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They are therefore to be considered as 'of one denomination with regard to eating, and can therefore combine one with the other.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
ומי קא עביד שני ראשון
CAN COMBINE WITH THAT CONTAMINATED BY A SECONDARY DEFILEMENT TO EFFECT UNCLEANNESS ACCORDING TO THE LOWER DEGREE OF DEFllement OF THE TWO.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The contaminated thing is as a rule one degree lower in the scale of uncleanness than the object from which it contracted the uncleanness. In the case of a combination the contaminated object is a degree lower than the lowest of the components.');"><sup>26</sup></span>
אמר רבא
IN ORDER TO RENDER THE BODY UNFIT<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A person that has eaten unclean food must not eat any terumah or sacred food. If he touches these they are unclean, unless he has immersed before; v. Mik. X, 7.');"><sup>28</sup></span>
הכי קאמר מי גרם לשני
[OR TO MAKE UP THE FOOD] FOR TWO MEALS TO FORM AN 'ERUB<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By depositing food sufficient for two meals at the end of the Sabbath limit of two thousand cubits, one is permitted to walk on the Sabbath another two thousand cubits from that place. V. 'Er. 82b.');"><sup>29</sup></span>
לאו ראשון
OR TO' MAKE UP AN EGG'S BULK TO CONTAMINATE FOOD, OR TO MAKE UP A DRY FIG'S BULK IN RESPECT OF THE PROHIBITION TO CARRY FORTH ON THE SABBATH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is forbidden to carry things of the quantity of a dry fig from a private place to a public thoroughfare and vice versa, cf. Shab. 76b.');"><sup>30</sup></span>
רב אשי אמר
AND A DATE'S BULK WITH REGARD TO THE DAY OF ATONEMENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The eating of food of the quantity of a date on the Day of Atonement is punishable with extinction; cf. Yoma 73b. The same applies to a mouthful of any drink.');"><sup>31</sup></span>
ראשון ושני לגבי שלישי בני חדא ביקתא אינון:
ALL KINDS OF DRINKS CAN COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO MAKE UP THE FOURTH [OF A LOG] IN ORDER TO RENDER THE BODY UNFIT OR TO MAKE UP A MOUTHFUL WITH REGARD TO THE DAY OF ATONEMENT. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>It has been taught: R'Simeon said, What is the reason?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the combination of different degrees of uncleanness, referring to the first clause of the MISHNAH:');"><sup>32</sup></span> Because things unclean in the second degree can become unclean in the first degree.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. Toh. I, 1.');"><sup>33</sup></span> But can indeed a thing unclean in the second degree become unclean in the first degree? Surely this is an impossibility?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A thing unclean through contact with that of the second degree of uncleanness is itself only of the third degree!');"><sup>34</sup></span> - Said Raba: This is what is meant: What caused the object to be rendered unclean in the second degree? Surely it was something unclean in the first degree!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And because of this origin a combination of the two degrees should be possible.');"><sup>35</sup></span> R'Ashi said: Things unclean in the first degree and those unclean in the second degree in relation to uncleanness of the third degree are considered as belonging to one category.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., one valley'. Both lead after all to uncleanness of the third degree, whether it be direct or not.');"><sup>36</sup></span> [