Meilah 34

Chapter 34

א ילך ר' שמעון בן יוחאי שהוא מלומד בנסים ואחריו מי ילך ר"א בר ר' יוסי
1 Let R'Simeon B'Yohai go for he is experienced in miracles.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Shab. 33 b.');"><sup>1</sup></span> And who should accompany him? - R'Eleazar son of R'Jose. Said R'Jose to them: And were my father Halafta still alive, would you have said to him to give his son for slaughter?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So you cannot expect me to send my son. He feared that R. Simeon might curse his son as he explains later in the conversation, but R. Simeon misunderstood this as cowardice, viz., that he feared to run the risk of being executed by the Romans, and therefore replied with displeasure that he, too, is risking his life.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב אמר להם רבי יוסי ואילו היה אבא חלפתא קיים יכולין אתם לומר לו תן בנך להריגה אמר להם ר' שמעון אילו היה יוחאי אבא קיים יכולין אתם לומר לו תן בנך להריגה
2 Answered R'Simeon: Were Yohai my father still alive, would you have said to him to give his son for slaughter? Said R'Jose to them: I shall accompany him, for I fear R'Simeon may punish him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., my son, when finding fault with him.');"><sup>3</sup></span> He [R'Simeon] undertook thereupon not to inflict any punishment on him. Notwithstanding this, he did punish him, for when they were proceeding on the way the following question was raised in their presence: Wherefrom do we know that the blood of a reptile is unclean?
ג אמר להו רבי יוסי אנא אזלין דלמא עניש ליה ר' שמעון דקא מסתפינא קביל עליה דלא ליענשיה אפילו הכי ענשיה
3 R'Eleazar son of R'Jose curved his mouth<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., pouted, speaking in an undertone; for it is unseemly for a pupil to speak unasked in his master's presence.');"><sup>4</sup></span> and said: It is written: And these are they that are unclean.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XI, 29. Cf. supra.');"><sup>5</sup></span> Said R'Simeon to him: From the undertone of thy utterance<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from the curving of your lips'.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ד כשהיו מהלכין בדרך נשאלה שאלה זו בפניהם מנין לדם השרץ שהוא טמא עקם פיו ר' אלעזר בר רבי יוסי ואמר (ויקרא יא, כט) וזה לכם הטמא אמר ליה ר' שמעון מעקימת שפתיך אתה ניכר שתלמיד חכם אתה אל יחזור הבן אצל אביו
4 one can see that thou art a scholar, yet the son<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., R. Eleazar.');"><sup>7</sup></span> shall not return to the father.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' l.e., should die as a punishment for his rashness to reply in the presence of his teacher without permission.');"><sup>8</sup></span> Then Ben Temalion<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: A demon. Tosaf.: a goblin.');"><sup>9</sup></span> came to meet them. [He said]: Is it your wish that I accompany you? Thereupon R'Simeon wept and said: The handmaid of my ancestor's house was found worthy of meeting an angel<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Refers to Hagar, Gen. XVI.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ה יצא לקראתו בן תמליון רצונכם אבוא עמכם בכה ר' שמעון ואמר מה שפחה של בית אבא נזדמן לה מלאך שלש פעמים ואני לא פעם אחת יבא הנס מכל מקום
5 thrice, and I not even to meet him once. However, let the miracle be performed, no matter how. Thereupon he<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., Ben Temalion.');"><sup>11</sup></span> advanced and entered into the Emperor's daughter. When [R'Simeon] arrived there,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to Rashi the daughter continuously proclaimed the name of R. Simeon who was thereupon invited to cure her.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
ו קדים הוא על בברתיה דקיסר כי מטא התם אמר בן תמליון צא בן תמליון צא וכיון דקרו ליה נפק אזל אמר להון שאילו כל מה דאית לכון למישאל ועיילינהו לגנזיה לשקול כל דבעו אשכחו ההוא איגרא שקלוה וקרעוה
6 he called out: 'Ben Temalion leave her, Ben Temalion leave her',and as he proclaimed this he left her. He<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Apparently the Emperor.');"><sup>13</sup></span> said to them: Request whatever you desire. They were led into the treasure house to take whatever they chose. They found that bill,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., the one containing the decrees against the religious practices of the Jews.');"><sup>14</sup></span> took it and tore it to pieces. It was with reference to this visit that R'Eleazar son o Jose related:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Yoma 57a.');"><sup>15</sup></span> 'I saw it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., the curtain separating the Holy from the Holy of Holies, cf. Yoma ibid.');"><sup>16</sup></span> in the city of Rome and there were on it several drops of blood'.
ז והיינו דאמר רבי אלעזר בר רבי יוסי אני ראיתיה בעיר [רומי] והוו עליה כמה טיפי דמים
7 <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>PIGGUL AND NOTHAR<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>17</sup></span> CANNOT COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER BECAUSE THEY ARE OF TWO DIFFERENT DENOMINATIONS.
ח <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> הפיגול והנותר אין מצטרפין מפני שהן שני שמות השרץ והנבלה וכן הנבלה ובשר המת אין מצטרפין זה עם זה לטמא אפילו בקל שבשניהן
8 REPTILE AND NEBELAH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>18</sup></span> AS WELL AS NEBELAH AND THE FLESH OF A CORPSE CANNOT COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO EFFECT UNCLEANNESS, NOT EVEN IN RESPECT OF THE MORE LENIENT OF THE TWO [GRADES] OF DEFILEMENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The gradation refers both to the standard size and the duration of uncleanness. The uncleanness caused through contact with a corpse lasts seven days, with nebelah or a reptile only one day. The standard size for nebelah and a corpse is an olive, that of a reptile is a lentil. Any two of these cannot combine even to the larger of the respective standard sizes, and even to effect the uncleanness of the lesser duration of the two.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
ט <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל לא שנו אלא לטומאת הידים דמדרבנן היא אבל לענין אכילה מצטרפין דתניא ר' אליעזר אומר (שמות כט, לד) לא יאכל כי קדש הוא כל שבקדש פסול בא הכתוב ליתן לא תעשה על אכילתו
9 <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Said R'Judah in the name of Samuel: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Referring to piggul and nothar.');"><sup>20</sup></span> has been taught only with reference to the uncleanness of the hands,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Both nothar and piggul render the hands unclean through contact, cf. Pes. 120b.');"><sup>21</sup></span>
י <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> האוכל שנטמא באב הטומאה ושנטמא בולד הטומאה מצטרפין זה עם זה לטמא בקל שבשניהם כל האוכלים מצטרפין זה עם זה לפסול הגוייה כבחצי פרס כבמזון
10 which is only a Rabbinical enactment, but with regard to [the liability attached to] eating they can combine with one another.
יא שתי סעודות לעירוב וכביצה לטמא טומאת אוכלין וכגרוגרת להוצאת שבת וככותבת ביום הכפורים כל המשקין מצטרפין זו עם זו לפסול את הגוייה ברביעית וכמלא לוגמא ביום הכפורים
11 For we have learnt:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Mak. 18a.');"><sup>22</sup></span>
יב <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תניא רבי שמעון אומר מה טעם שאפשר לשני שיעשה ראשון ומי קא עביד שני ראשון הא לא אפשר
12 R'Eliezer said: It says, it shall not be eaten for it is holy;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXIX, 34. Rashi reads, for they are holy' probably with reference to verse 33, and derives this conclusion from the fact that the plural is used, referring as it seems not only to nothar but also to piggul.');"><sup>23</sup></span> with this the Writ comes to impose a negative command upon whatever among holy things has become disqualified.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They are therefore to be considered as 'of one denomination with regard to eating, and can therefore combine one with the other.');"><sup>24</sup></span> <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>FOOD CONTAMINATED THROUGH CONTACT WITH A PRIMARY DEFllement<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 17a.');"><sup>25</sup></span> CAN COMBINE WITH THAT CONTAMINATED BY A SECONDARY DEFILEMENT TO EFFECT UNCLEANNESS ACCORDING TO THE LOWER DEGREE OF DEFllement OF THE TWO.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The contaminated thing is as a rule one degree lower in the scale of uncleanness than the object from which it contracted the uncleanness. In the case of a combination the contaminated object is a degree lower than the lowest of the components.');"><sup>26</sup></span> ALL KINDS OF [UNCLEAN] FOOD CAN COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO MAKE UP THE QUAN TITY OF HALF A PERAS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the quantity of half a loaf, v. 'Er. ');"><sup>27</sup></span>
יג אמר רבא הכי קאמר מי גרם לשני לאו ראשון רב אשי אמר ראשון ושני לגבי שלישי בני חדא ביקתא אינון:
13 IN ORDER TO RENDER THE BODY UNFIT<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A person that has eaten unclean food must not eat any terumah or sacred food. If he touches these they are unclean, unless he has immersed before; v. Mik. X, 7.');"><sup>28</sup></span> [OR TO MAKE UP THE FOOD] FOR TWO MEALS TO FORM AN 'ERUB<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By depositing food sufficient for two meals at the end of the Sabbath limit of two thousand cubits, one is permitted to walk on the Sabbath another two thousand cubits from that place. V. 'Er. 82b.');"><sup>29</sup></span> OR TO' MAKE UP AN EGG'S BULK TO CONTAMINATE FOOD, OR TO MAKE UP A DRY FIG'S BULK IN RESPECT OF THE PROHIBITION TO CARRY FORTH ON THE SABBATH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is forbidden to carry things of the quantity of a dry fig from a private place to a public thoroughfare and vice versa, cf. Shab. 76b.');"><sup>30</sup></span> AND A DATE'S BULK WITH REGARD TO THE DAY OF ATONEMENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The eating of food of the quantity of a date on the Day of Atonement is punishable with extinction; cf. Yoma 73b. The same applies to a mouthful of any drink.');"><sup>31</sup></span> ALL KINDS OF DRINKS CAN COMBINE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO MAKE UP THE FOURTH [OF A LOG] IN ORDER TO RENDER THE BODY UNFIT OR TO MAKE UP A MOUTHFUL WITH REGARD TO THE DAY OF ATONEMENT. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>It has been taught: R'Simeon said, What is the reason?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the combination of different degrees of uncleanness, referring to the first clause of the MISHNAH:');"><sup>32</sup></span> Because things unclean in the second degree can become unclean in the first degree.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. Toh. I, 1.');"><sup>33</sup></span> But can indeed a thing unclean in the second degree become unclean in the first degree? Surely this is an impossibility?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A thing unclean through contact with that of the second degree of uncleanness is itself only of the third degree!');"><sup>34</sup></span> - Said Raba: This is what is meant: What caused the object to be rendered unclean in the second degree? Surely it was something unclean in the first degree!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And because of this origin a combination of the two degrees should be possible.');"><sup>35</sup></span> R'Ashi said: Things unclean in the first degree and those unclean in the second degree in relation to uncleanness of the third degree are considered as belonging to one category.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., one valley'. Both lead after all to uncleanness of the third degree, whether it be direct or not.');"><sup>36</sup></span> [