Menachot 155

אמר רב יצחק בר אבדימי תהיינה כתיב אימא עשרה קפיזי אמר רבא בעשרונות דבר הכתוב

- R'Isaac B'Abdimi said, Because it is written, They shall be.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. , written plene, with two 'yods'. The 'yod' has the numerical value of ten, thus intimating in this verse ten tenths; and as this measure cannot possibly refer to the Two Loaves, for it is expressly stated in this verse that the Two Loaves consist of two tenths, it can only refer to the leavened cakes of the thank-offering, which were contemplated by the superfluous expression at the beginning of the verse 'ye shall rnt bring', v. supra p. 463. V. Tosaf. s.v. for a variant text and a further interpretation.');">¹</span> Perhaps it means ten kapizas!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A measure of capacity equal to half a kab.');">²</span> - Raba answered, The verse speaks of tenths.'

למדנו עשרה לחמץ עשרה למצה מנין תלמוד לאמר (ויקרא ז, יג) על חלות לחם חמץ כנגד חמץ הבא מצה

We have now learnt that ten [tenths] are required for the leavened [cakes], but whence do we know that ten [tenths] are required for the unleavened [cakes]? The text therefore stated, With cakes of leavened bread; thus one must bring unleavened [cakes] in the same measure as the leavened [cakes]'. But may that which has itself been inferred by a hekkesh<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The rule that the ten leavened cakes of the thank-offering shall consist of ten tenths, a tenth for every cake, was established by a comparison aehv');">³</span>

וכי דבר הלמד בהיקש חוזר ומלמד בהיקש הימנו ודבר אחר הוא וכל הימנו ודבר אחר לא הוי היקש

become the basis for another inference to be made from it again by a hekkesh?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whereby it is sought to infer from the leavened cakes, by reason of the hekkesh implicit in vv. 12 and 13; that the unleavened cakes shall also consist of ten tenths. The rule is well established that in matters appertaining to sacrifice one may not draw an inference by a hekkesh from that which has itself been inferred by a hekkesh. V. Zeb. 49b.');">⁴</span> -[The original rule was derived] from itself and [from] something else,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The original inference that the leavened cakes of the thank-offering shall consist of ten tenths, a tenth for every cake, was not entirely drawn from the case of the Two Loaves, inasmuch as the number of cakes, namely ten, is deemed to be expressly stated in connection with the leavened cakes of the thank-offering by virtue of the expression 'they shall be' (v. supra n. 3) . Accordingly the leavened cakes supplied the rule that there must be ten cakes (i.e., derived 'from itself') and the Two Loaves supplied the rule that there must be a tenth for each cake (i.e., derived 'from something else') ; the result obtained is therefore not regarded as one obtained entirely by a hekkesh.');">⁵</span> and [any rule derived] from itself and [from] something

הניחא למאן דאמר לא הוי היקש אלא למאן דאמר הוי היקש מאי איכא למימר תביאו רבויא היא:

of the terumah of produce, and the suffix in each case excludes every other terumah. else is not regarded as a hekkesh.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Consequently from such a hekkesh other matters can be inferred.');">⁶</span> This is well according to him who does not regard this as a hekkesh, but what can be said according to him who regards this as a hekkesh?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Zeb. ');">⁷</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> המילואים היו באין כמצה שבתודה חלות ורקיקין ורביכה

- The expression 'ye shall bring' is an amplifying text.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This expression stated in connection with the Two Loaves is, as has been said supra p. 463, superfluous there, and has been interpreted as applying to the leavened cakes of the thank-offering; and as in this verse the measure of a tenth per cake is clearly intimated, it is established without a hekkesh that there must be ten tenths for the leavened cakes. Accordingly a further inference, namely in respect of the unleavened cakes, may be drawn from this.');">⁸</span> <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>THE CONSECRATION [MEAL-OFFERING]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Offered at the consecration of Aaron and his sons in the priesthood, v. Lev. VIII, 26.');">⁹</span> CONSISTED OF [UNLEAVENED CAKES] LIKE THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING.

נזירות היתה באה שתי ידות כמצה של תודה חלות ורקיקין ואין בה רבוכה נמצא עשרה קבין ירושלמית שהן ששה עשרונות ועודיין:

NAMELY CAKES, WAFERS, AND SOAKED CAKES. THE NAZIRITE MEAL-OFFERING<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Num. VI, 15.');">¹⁰</span> CONSISTED OF TWO THIRDS OF THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING.

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מנא הני מילי אמר רב חסדא אמר רב חמא בר גוריא דאמר קרא (ויקרא ח, כו) ומסל המצות אשר לפני ה' לקח חלת מצה אחת וחלת לחם שמן אחת ורקיק אחד בשלמא חלות חלות רקיק רקיק שמן מאי נינהו לאו רבוכה

NAMELY CAKES AND WAFERS. BUT NOT SOAKED CAKES; THUS THERE WERE TEN KABS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is two thirds of the fifteen kabs required for the unleavened cakes of the thank-offering.');">¹¹</span> BY JERUSALEM MEASURE.

מתקיף לה רב אויא אימא אנתא דמשחא אלא כדדרש רב נחמן בר רב חסדא משמיה דרבי טבלא (ויקרא ו, יג) זה קרבן אהרן ובניו אשר יקריבו לה' ביום המשח אותו

WHICH ARE SIX TENTHS AND SOMETHING OVER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The kab was equivalent to two thirds of a tenth, accordingly ten kabs equalled six and two thirds tenths.');">¹²</span> <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Whence is it derived?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the consecration meal-offering consisted also of cakes soaked in oil.');">¹³</span> - Said R'Hisda in the name of R'Hama B'Guria, It is written, And out of the basket of unleavened bread that was before the Lord, he took one unleavened cake, and one oil-cake, and one wafer.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VIII, 26. t,bt');">¹⁴</span>

וכי מה למדנו לבניו ביום המשחו אלא מקיש חינוכו להמשחו מה המשחו רבוכה אף חינוכו רבוכה

Now 'cake' means cake, and 'wafer' means wafer; but what is meant by 'oil-cake'? Surely it means a cake soaked in oil. R'Awia demurred, perhaps it means a cake of oil!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., a cake of congealed oil. The meaning and etymology of this word are both doubtful.');">¹⁵</span>

אמר רב חסדא כהן גדול המתקרב לעבודה צריך שתי עשרונות האיפה אחת להמשחו ואחת לחינוכו מר בר רב אשי אמר שלש

- Rather it is derived from the exposition of R'Nahman B'R'Hisda in the name of R'Tabla. [It is written,] This is the offering of Aaron and of his sons, which they shall offer unto the Lord in the day when he is anointed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VI, 13. This verse clearly points to some connection between the offering of 'his sons', i.e., the meal-offering brought by ordinary priests at their initiation into service, and that of Aaron 'when he is anointed' and which was offered daily by the High Priest.');">¹⁶</span> What do we learn in regard to 'his sons' from the offering 'when he is anointed'?

ולא פליגי הא דעבד עבודה כשהוא כהן הדיוט הא דלא עבד עבודה כשהוא כהן הדיוט:

It is that the offering at the initiation [of the ordinary priest] shall be like the offering at the anointing [of the High priest]; as at the anointing [of the High priest] there was an offering of soaked cakes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is expressly stated, ibid. 14.');">¹⁷</span> so at the initiation [of the ordinary priest] there was an offering of soaked cakes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the consecration offering is identical with the initiation offering of the priests.');">¹⁸</span> R'Hisda said, When the High Priest is inaugurated into the service he requires two tenths of an ephah for offerings, one on account of his anointing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As High Priest.');">¹⁹</span>

נזירות היתה באה שתי ידות כמצה שבתודה:

and the other on account of his initiation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As High Priest.');">¹⁹</span> Mar son of R'Ashi<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In MS.M., Tosaf., and Sh. Mek.: Mar. b. Hiyya.');">²⁰</span> said, He requires three [tenths].

תנו רבנן (ויקרא ז, יג) שלמיו לרבות שלמי נזיר לעשרת קבין ירושלמיות ולרביעית שמן

But they do not in fact differ, for the former refers to the case where he had already been serving in the Temple as an ordinary priest, and the latter to the case where he had not served in the Temple as an ordinary priest.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In this case three offerings were necessary: one by reason of his initiation into the priestly service, the second by reason of his initiation into service as the High Priest, and the third by reason of his anointing as High Priest.');">²¹</span> THE NAZIRITE MEAL-OFFERING CONSISTED OF TWO THIRDS OF THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING. Our Rabbis taught: 'His peace-offerings'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VII, 15, stated in connection with the thank-offering.');">²²</span>

יכול לכל מה שאמור בענין תלמוד לאמר מצות

includes the peace-offering of the Nazirite, that it requires ten kabs [of flour], Jerusalem measure, and one quarter log of oil.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the Nazirite-offering consisted of two kinds of unleavened cakes only, it required the same quantity of flour used for these two kinds in the thank-offering, namely ten kabs, and the same quantity of oil used for these two kinds, namely one quarter log.');">²³</span> I might think that [it includes the Nazirite-offering] in regard to all that is mentioned in the passage,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the Nazirite-offering should have also cakes soaked in oil.');">²⁴</span> the text therefore stated, Unleavened.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. VI, 15, in connection with the Nazirite-offering. This term implies the exclusion of soaked cakes.');">²⁵</span>

מאי תלמודא אמר רב פפא דבר שנאמר בו מצות לאפוקי רבוכה דלא נאמר בו מצות דבי רבי ישמעאל תנא מצות כלל חלות ורקיקין פרט כלל ופרט אין בכלל אלא מה שבפרט חלות ורקיקין אין מידי אחרינא לא:

How is this implied? - R'Papa answered, [It<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The expression 'his peace-offerings'.');">²⁶</span> includes for the Nazirite-offering] only those kinds which are specified by the term 'unleavened', thus excluding the soaked cakes which are not specified by the term 'unleavened'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This term describes the cakes and the wafers prescribed for the thank-offering, Lev. VII, 12; accordingly the unleavened cakes spoken of in the Nazirite-offering signify these same cakes.');">²⁷</span> A Tanna of the School of R'Ishmael taught: 'A basket of unleavened bread'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. VI, 15.');">²⁸</span> is a general statement, 'cakes' and 'wafers' are particular instances; we thus have a general statement followed by the enumeration of particular instances, in which case the scope of the general statement is limited to the particulars specified; thus only cakes and wafers, but nothing else.