Menachot 193

Chapter 193

אלבזבזיןLvzvzynאוVבשלאVshlחיפהKhyfhאתTלבזבזיןLvzvzynואמרVmrליהLyhלאLשנאShnציפויTsyfvyעומדVmdולאVlשנאShnציפויTsyfvyשאינוShynvעומדVmdלאLשנאShnחיפהKhyfhאתTלבזבזיןLvzvzynולאVlשנאShnלאLחיפהKhyfhלבזבזיןLvzvzyn
1or also to the case where the rims were not overlaid? And he replied, It makes no difference whether the overlaying was fixed or the overlaying was not fixed; whether the rims were overlaid or the rims were not overlaid.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In all the circumstances stated the vessel is determined by the material of its overlaying.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
בוכיVkhyתימאTymעציTsyשיטיםShytymחשיביKhshyvyולאVlבטליVtlyהניחאHnykhלרישLryshלקישLkyshדאמרDmrלאLשנוShnvאלאLבכליVkhlyאכסלגוסKhslgvsהבאיםHvymממדינתMmdyntהיםHymאבלVlכליKhlyמסמסMsmsחשיביKhshyvyולאVlבטליVtlyשפירShfyrאלאLלרביLrvyיוחנןYvkhnnדאמרDmrכליKhlyמסמסMsmsנמיNmyבטליVtlyמאיMyאיכאYkhלמימרLmymr
2And should you further say that acacia wood,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of which the table was made; Ex. XXV, 23.');"><sup>2</sup></span> being valuable, is not nullified [by the overlaying],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And despite the overlaying of gold it is still regarded as a wooden vessel.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
גשאניShnyשולחןShvlkhnדרחמנאDrkhmnקרייהKryyhעץTsשנאמרShnmr(יחזקאל(ykhzklמא,M,כב)Khv)המזבחHmzvkhעץTsשלשShlshאמותMvtגבוהGvvhארכוRkhvשתיםShtymאמותMvtומקצעותVmktsvtלוLvוארכוVrkhvוקירותיוVkyrvtyvעץTsוידברVydvrאליLyזהZhהשולחןHshvlkhnאשרShrלפניLfnyה'H'
3this would be quite in order according to Resh Lakish who said that they taught this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. that the overlaying is all-important and that it determines the character of the vessel. xudkxft');"><sup>4</sup></span> only of vessels of common wood<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Meaning and etymology doubtful; according to Jast.: **, woodcarrier, common wooden vessels'. According to Tosaf. it is the name of a place. xnxn');"><sup>5</sup></span>
דפתחFtkhבמזבחVmzvkhוסייםVsyymבשולחןVshvlkhnר'R'יוחנןYvkhnnור'Vr'אלעזרLzrדאמריDmryתרוייהוTrvyyhvבזמןVzmnשביתShvytהמקדשHmkdshקייםKyymמזבחMzvkhמכפרMkhfrעלLאדםDmועכשיוVkhshyvשאיןShynביתVytהמקדשHmkdshקייםKyymשולחנוShvlkhnvשלShlאדםDmמכפרMkhfrעליו:Lyv:
4which come from overseas, but vessels of fine wood<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' . According to Jast.: 'polished wood, prob. coral-wood'.');"><sup>6</sup></span> are valuable and are not nullified [by the overlaying].
הארבעRvסניפיןSnyfynשלShlזהבZhvהיוHyvשםShm[וכו']:[vkhv']:מנאMnהניHnyמיליMylyאמרMrרבRvקטינאKtynאמרMrקראKr(שמות(shmvtכה,Khh,כט)Kht)ועשיתVshytקערותיוKrvtyvוכפותיוVkhfvtyvוקשותיוVkshvtyvומנקיותיוVmnkyvtyv
5But what can one say according to R'Johanan who said that even vessels of fine wood are nullified [by the overlaying]? - One must therefore say that the table [of the Sanctuary] was different, for the Divine Law called it wood. For it is written, The altar was of wood, three cubits high, and the length thereof two cubits; and the corners thereof, and the length thereof, and the walls thereof were of wood; and he said unto me, This is the table that is before the Lord.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. XLI, 22.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
וקערותיוKrvtyvאלוLvדפוסיןDfvsynכפותיוKhfvtyvאלוLvבזיכיןVzykhynקשותיוKshvtyvאלוLvסניפיןSnyfynומנקיותיוVmnkyvtyvאלוLvקניםKnymאשרShrיסךYskhבהןVhnשמסככיןShmskhkhynבהןVhnאתTהלחםHlkhm
6[The verse] begins with the altar and ends with the table! R'Johanan and R'Eleazar both said, While the Temple still stood the altar used to make atonement for a man, but now that the Temple no longer stands a man's table makes atonement for him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the poor are at his table. uh,uae, uh,hebn');"><sup>8</sup></span> THERE WERE THERE FOUR GOLDEN PROPS etc. How do we know this? - R'Kattina said, For the verse says, And thou shalt make ke'arothaw, and kappothaw, and kesothaw, and menakiothaw, to cover withal.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXV, 29. The translation of these words: , and in the E.VV. does not correspond with the Rabbinical interpretation which follows, hence they are left untranslated.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
זמותיבMvtyvרבאRvלאLסידורSydvrהקניםHknymולאVlנטילתןNtyltnדוחותDvkhvtאתTהשבתHshvtואיVyסלקאSlkדעתךDtkhדאורייתאDvryytאמאיMyאיןYnדוחותDvkhvtאתTהשבתHshvt
7Ke'arothaw are the moulds,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Wherein the cakes were shaped; v. supra 94a.');"><sup>10</sup></span> kappothaw the dishes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Wherein the frankincense was put; cf. Lev. XXIV, 7. uh,uae vae');"><sup>11</sup></span>
חהדרHdrאמרMrרבאRvלאוLvמילתאMyltהואHvדאמריDmryדתנןDtnnכללKhllאמרMrרביRvyעקיבאKyvכלKhlמלאכהMlkhhשאפשרShfshrלהLhלעשותהLshvthמערבMrvשבתShvtאינוYnvדוחהDvkhhאתTהשבתHshvtוהניVhnyנמיNmyאפשרFshrדלאDlדחיDkhyשבתShvtעלייהוLyyhv
8kesothaw the props,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 96a. is thus derived from , hard; for the props kept the cakes hard and firm so that they should not break. uh,hebn heb');"><sup>12</sup></span> and menakiothaw the rods;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra ibid. is derived from , clean; the rods, shaped like the half of a hollowed reed, allowed the free circulation of air between the cakes, and thus the cakes were kept clean and free from mouldiness.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
טטעמאTmמאיMyדלאDlליעפשLyfshלחםLkhmבכיVkhyהאיHyשיעוראShyvrלאLמיעפשMyfsh
9to cover withal: wherewith the bread was covered.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the rods lay over the cakes like a cover.');"><sup>14</sup></span> Raba raised an objection.
יכדתניאKhdtnyכיצדKhytsdנכנסNkhnsמערבMrvשבתShvtושמטןVshmtnומניחןVmnykhnלארכוLrkhvשלShlשולחןShvlkhnומוצאיVmvtsyשבתShvtנכנסNkhnsמגביהMgvyhראשיהRshyhשלShlחלהKhlhומכניסVmkhnysקנהKnhתחתיהTkhtyhוחוזרVkhvzrומגביהVmgvyhראשיהRshyhשלShlחלהKhlhומכניסVmkhnysקנהKnhתחתיהTkhtyh
10[We have learnt:] NEITHER THE PLACING OF THE RODS NOR THEIR REMOVAL OVERRODE THE SABBATH. Now if we were to hold [that the rods are enjoined] in the Torah, wherefore do they not override the Sabbath?
יאארבעהRvhחלותKhlvtצריכותTsrykhvtשלשהShlshhשלשהShlshhקניםKnymהעליונהHlyvnhאינהYnhצריכהTsrykhhאלאLשניםShnymלפיLfyשאיןShynעליהLyhמשאויMshvyהתחתונהHtkhtvnhאינהYnhצריכהTsrykhhכלKhlעיקרYkrלפיLfyשמונחתShmvnkhtעלLטהרוThrvשלShlשולחןShvlkhn
11Later, however, Raba said, What I said was not correct, for we have learnt: R'AKIBA LAID DOWN THIS GENERAL RULE: ANY WORK THAT CAN BE DONE ON THE EVE OF THE SABBATH DOES NOT OVERRIDE THE SABBATH. This,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the placing of the rods and the removal thereof.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
יבתנןTnnהתםHtmרביRvyמאירMyrאומרVmrכלKhlאמותMvtשהיוShhyvבמקדשVmkdshבינוניותVynvnyvtחוץKhvtsממזבחMmzvkhהזהבHzhvוהקרןVhkrnוהסובבVhsvvvוהיסודVhysvdרביRvyיהודהYhvdhאומרVmrאמתMtבניןVnynששהShshhטפחיםTfkhymושלVshlכליםKhlymחמשהKhmshh
12therefore, in all probability did not override the Sabbath. For why [were the rods required at all]?
יגאמרMrרביRvyיוחנןYvkhnnושניהםVshnyhmמקראMkrאחדKhdדרשוDrshv(יחזקאל(ykhzklמג,Mg,יג)Yg)ואלהVlhמדותMdvtהמזבחHmzvkhבאמותVmvtאמהMhאמהMhוטופחVtvfkh
13So that the bread become not mouldy. But in this short time<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the cakes stood without the intervening rods, i.e., between the removal of the rods on the eve of the Sabbath and the removal of the bread on the Sabbath at midday, or between the setting down of the fresh bread on the Sabbath and the insertion of the rods at the conclusion of the Sabbath.');"><sup>16</sup></span> it would not become mouldy. And so it has been taught: What was the procedure? He used to enter on the eve of the Sabbath, draw out the rods, and place them [on the ground] parallel with the length of the table. At the outgoing of the Sabbath he used to enter again, lift up the ends of one cake and insert the rods underneath it, and then lift up the ends of another cake and insert the rods underneath it. The four [middle] cakes each required three rods underneath them, the topmost cake required but two rods underneath it for there was no burden upon it, while the bottom cake required no rods at all for it stood upon the surface of the table. We have learnt elsewhere:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Kel. XVII, 10; 'Er. 4b; Suk. 5b.');"><sup>17</sup></span> R'Meir says, All cubit measurements in the Temple were [according to a cubit of] medium size,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., of six handbreadths. ccux');"><sup>18</sup></span> excepting those of the golden altar, the horns, the sobeb,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. : the second terrace or ledge which ran round the altar upon which the officiating priests walked.');"><sup>19</sup></span> and the base [of the outer altar]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For these the standard of the cubit was five handbreadths.');"><sup>20</sup></span> R'Judah says, The cubit used for the [Temple] building was of six handbreadths and that for the vessels was of five handbreadths. R'Johanan said, Both derived their views from the same text: And these are the measures of the altar<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the outer altar, i.e., the altar of the burnt-offering.');"><sup>21</sup></span> by cubits - the cubit is a cubit and a handbreadth;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the ordinary cubit, which measured six handbreadths, was one cubit and one handbreadth by the standard of the cubit spoken of in this verse, for the latter cubit measured only five handbreadths. And all the parts of the altar mentioned in this verse were measured by a cubit of five handbreadths.');"><sup>22</sup></span>