Menachot 202

Chapter 202

אושורVshvrהנסקלHnsklועגלהVglhערופהRvfhוצפוריVtsfvryמצורעMtsvrופטרVftrחמורKhmvrובשרVvshrבחלבVkhlvכולםKhvlmמטמאיןMtmynטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
1an ox condemned to be stoned,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Ex. XXI, 28. The ox had been slaughtered after it had been condemned to be stoned for killing a human being.');"><sup>1</sup></span> the heifer whose neck was to be broken,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Deut. XXI, 1ff. The heifer was slaughtered after it had been brought down to the rough valley, and as soon as it was brought down there it became forbidden for all purposes.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
בר'R'שמעוןShmvnאומרVmrכולןKhvlnאיןYnמטמאיןMtmynטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynומודהVmvdhר'R'שמעוןShmvnבבשרVvshrבחלבVkhlvשמטמאShmtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynהואילHvylוהיתהVhythלוLvשעתShtהכושרHkhvshr
2the birds of the leper,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which had been slaughtered. V. Lev. XIV, 4.');"><sup>3</sup></span> the firstling of an ass,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which had been slaughtered for a gentile but was not quite dead yet; v. Hul. 117b, Sonc. ed., p. 648, n. 5. The firstling of an ass is before redemption forbidden for all purposes. V. Ex. XXXIV, 20.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
גואמרVmrרבRvאסיSyאמרMrר'R'יוחנןYvkhnnמאיMyטעמאTmדר'Dr'שמעוןShmvn(ויקרא(vykrיא,Y,לד)Ld)מכלMkhlהאוכלHvkhlאשרShrיאכלYkhlאוכלVkhlשאתהShthיכולYkhvlלהאכילוLhkhylvלאחריםLkhrymקרויKrvyאוכלVkhlאוכלVkhlשאיShyאתהThיכולYkhvlלהאכילוLhkhylvלאחריםLkhrymאינוYnvקרויKrvyאוכלVkhl
3and meat cooked in milk<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is assumed for the present that this is also forbidden for all purposes. V. infra.');"><sup>5</sup></span> - all these convey food-uncleanness.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If they had been rendered unclean, e.g. by a reptile, they can convey uncleanness to other foodstuffs by contact.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
דוהאVhפיגלFyglבמנחהVmnkhhנמיNmyאוכלVkhlשאיShyאתהThיכולYkhvlלהאכילוLhkhylvלאחריםLkhrymהואHv
4R'Simeon says, All these do not convey food-uncleanness. R'Simeon, however, agrees that meat cooked in milk conveys food-uncleanness, for there was a time when it was permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For before the meat had been cooked in the milk, although it had been left to soak therein, both the meat and the milk were permitted to be eaten.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
האיYהכיHkhyבשרVshrבחלבVkhlvנמיNmyתיפוקTyfvkליהLyhדאוכלDvkhlשאתהShthיכולYkhvlלהאכילוLhkhylvלאחריםLkhrymהואHv
5And R'Assi had said in the name of R'Johanan, What is the reason for R'Simeon's view? [Because it is written], All food therein which may be eaten;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XI, 34.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ודתניאDtnyר'R'שמעוןShmvnבןVnיהודהYhvdhאומרVmrמשוםMshvmרביRvyשמעוןShmvnבשרVshrבחלבVkhlvאסורSvrבאכילהVkhylhומותרVmvtrבהנאהVhnhשנאמרShnmr(דברים(dvrymיד,Yd,כא)Kh)כיKhyעםMקדושKdvshאתהThלה'Lh'אלהיךLhykhלאLתבשלTvshlגדיGdyבחלבVkhlvאמוMvולהלןVlhlnהואHvאומרVmr(שמות(shmvtכב,Khv,ל)L)ואנשיVnshyקודשKvdshתהיוןThyvnליLyובשרVvshrבשדהVshdhטריפהTryfhלאLתאכלוTkhlvמהMhלהלןLhlnאסורSvrבאכילהVkhylhומותרVmvtrבהנאהVhnhאףFכאןKhnאסורSvrבאכילהVkhylhומותרVmvtrבהנאהVhnh
6[therefore], food which you may give others<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. gentiles.');"><sup>9</sup></span> to eat is termed food,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And conveys food-uncleanness.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
זחדאKhdועודVvdקאמרKmrחדאKhdדאוכלDvkhlשאתהShthיכולYkhvlלהאכילוLhkhylvלאחריםLkhrymהואHvועודVvdלדידיהLdydyhנמיNmyהיתהHythלוLvשעתShtהכושרHkhvshr
7but food which you may not give others to eat<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And what is forbidden for all uses may not be given away even to gentiles.');"><sup>11</sup></span> is not termed food.
חמיתיביMytyvyר'R'שמעוןShmvnאומרVmrישYshנותרNvtrשהואShhvמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynוישVyshנותרNvtrשאינוShynvמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
8And the meal-offering which was made piggul is also a food which you may not give others to eat.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it must be burnt.');"><sup>12</sup></span> If that is so,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which had been slaughtered. V. Lev. XIV, 4.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
טכיצדKhytsdלןLnלפניLfnyזריקהZrykhאינוYnvמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynלאחרLkhrזריקהZrykhמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
9then meat cooked in milk [should convey food-uncleanness] by virtue of the fact that it is a food which you may give others to eat!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., according to R. Simeon.');"><sup>14</sup></span> For it has been taught:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Hul. 116a.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
י(והא)(vh)ופיגולVfygvlביןVynבקדשיVkdshyקדשיםKdshymביןVynבקדשיםVkdshymקליםKlymאינוYnvמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynפיגלFyglבמנחהVmnkhhמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
10R'Simeon B'Judah says in the name of R'Simeon, Meat cooked in milk is forbidden to be eaten but is permitted for use, for it is written, For thou art an holy people unto the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in its mother's milk;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XIV, 21.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
יאלאLקשיאKshyכאןKhnשהיתהShhythלהLhשעתShtהכושרHkhvshrכאןKhnשלאShlהיתהHythלהLhשעתShtהכושרHkhvshr
11whilst elsewhere it is written, And ye shall be holy men unto Me; therefore ye shall not eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; [ye shall cast it to the dogs].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXII, 30.');"><sup>17</sup></span> Just as there it is forbidden to be eaten but is permitted fo use,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it may be cast to the dogs. And as it is one's duty to provide for one's animals this is accounted as a benefit.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
יבהיכיHykhyדמיDmyדלאDlהיתהHythלהLhשעתShtהכושרHkhvshrדאקדשינהוDkdshynhvבמחוברVmkhvvr
12so here too it is forbidden to be eaten but is permitted for use! - He gave one reason and yet another. For one thing it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. meat cooked in milk.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
יגוליפרקינהוVlyfrkynhvהניחאHnykhלהךLhkhלישנאLyshnדאמרDmrרביRvyאושעיאVshyטמאיןTmynנפדיןNfdynטהוריןThvrynאיןYnנפדיןNfdynשפירShfyr
13is a food which you may give others to eat,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And for that reason alone it conveys food-uncleanness.');"><sup>20</sup></span> and besides even for [the Israelite] himself there was a time when it was permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra p. 621, n. 10. On the other hand, the other forbidden things enumerated were at no time permitted to be eaten, since a living animal is deemed to be forbidden until it has been ritually slaughtered.');"><sup>21</sup></span>
ידאלאLלהךLhkhלישנאLyshnדאמרDmrאפילוFylvטהוריןThvrynנפדיןNfdynלפרקינהוLfrkynhv
14An objection was raised [from the following]: R'Simeon says, There is nothar<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., 'that which remained'; the portion of a sacrifice that had not been eaten or sacrificed upon the altar within the time prescribed. It may not be eaten or put to any kind of use, but must be burnt.');"><sup>22</sup></span> which conveys food-uncleanness and there is also nothar which does not convey food-uncleanness.
טוהשתאHshtמיהאMyhלאLפריקFryk
15Thus if [the flesh of the offering] had remained overnight before the sprinkling of the blood, it does not convey food-uncleanness;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In this case the flesh of the sacrifice had never been permitted to be eaten, hence it is not regarded as a foodstuff.');"><sup>23</sup></span> but if [it had remained overnight] after the sprinkling of the blood,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Accordingly the flesh was permitted to be eaten the same day after the sprinkling of the blood until midnight.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
טזוכיוןVkhyvnדאיDyבעיVyפריקFrykליהLyhשמעימןShmymnליהLyhלרביLrvyשמעוןShmvnדאמרDmrכלKhlהעומדHvmdלפדותLfdvtכפדויKhfdvyדמיDmy
16it conveys food-uncleanness. And an offering that had been made piggul, be it of the most holy or of the less holy offerings, does not convey food-uncleanness.
יזדתניאDtnyרביRvyשמעוןShmvnאומרVmrפרהFrhמטמאהMtmhטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynהואילHvylוהיתהVhythלהLhשעתShtהכושרHkhvshrואמרVmrרישRyshלקישLkyshאומרVmrהיהHyhר'R'שמעוןShmvnפרהFrhנפדיתNfdytעלLגבGvמערכתהMrkhth
17But a meal-offering that had been made piggul conveys food-uncleanness!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This last ruling is contrary to R. Oshaia's ruling supra p. 620.');"><sup>25</sup></span> - This is no difficulty, for in the one case there was a time when it had been permitted,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The flour of the meal-offering had been permitted for food before it had been consecrated for the meal-offering, hence even though it is now piggul it still conveys food-uncleanness. This is the case dealt with by the Baraitha quoted.');"><sup>26</sup></span>
יחהכיHkhyהשתאHshtבשלמאVshlmפרהFrhעומדתVmdtלפדותLfdvtהיאHyשאםShmמצאMtsאחרתKhrtנאהNhהימנהHymnhמצוהMtsvhלפדותהLfdvthאלאLהניHnyמנחותMnkhvtמצוהMtsvhלפדותןLfdvtn
18whilst in the other<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That dealt with by R. Oshaia.');"><sup>27</sup></span> there was no time when it had been permitted.
יטוהאVhלןLnלפניLfnyזריקהZrykhדמצוהDmtsvhלמיזרקיהLmyzrkyhואיVyבעיVyזרקZrkוקתניVktnyדאיןDynמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
19How is it that there was no time when it had been permitted? - Where [the grain] had been consecrated [for a meal-offering] while it was still growing. But one could have redeemed it!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Accordingly there would have been a time when it was permitted for food.');"><sup>28</sup></span>
כהכאHkhבמאיVmyעסקינןSkynnשלאShlהיתהHythשהותShhvtביוםVyvmלמיזרקיהLmyzrkyh
20This of course presents no difficulty according to that version which gives R'Oshaia's view thus: If they became unclean they may be redeemed, but if they are clean they may not be redeemed. But according to the other version which gives as his view: Even though they are clean they may be redeemed, [then the question will be asked here,] one could have redeemed it! - [That is so but] the fact is that it had not been redeemed.
כאאבלVlהיתהHythלוLvשהותShhvtביוםVyvmמאיMyמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
21But if one so desired one could have redeemed it, and we have heard R'Simeon say that whatsoever stands to be redeemed is as though it were redeemed. For it was taught:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Hul., Sonc. ed., pp. 455-6.');"><sup>29</sup></span>
כבאדתניDtnyלןLnלאחרLkhrזריקהZrykhמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynליפלוגLyflvgבדידהVdydhבמהVmhדבריםDvrymאמוריםMvrymשלאShlהיתהHythלוLvשהותShhvtביוםVyvmאבלVlהיתהHythלוLvשהותShhvtביוםVyvmמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
22The [Red] Cow<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even though it is forbidden for all purposes.');"><sup>30</sup></span> conveys food-uncleanness, since there was a time when it was permitted [to be eaten].
כגהכיHkhyנמיNmyקאמרKmrלןLnקודםKvdmשיראהShyrhלזריקהLzrykhאינוYnvמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlynלאחרLkhrשיראהShyrhלזריקהLzrykhמטמאMtmטומאתTvmtאוכליןVkhlyn
23And Resh Lakish observed that R'Simeon used to say that the Red Cow could be redeemed even on its woodpile!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., even after it had been slaughtered upon the specially erected woodpile and is ready for burning it may be redeemed if a finer animal is obtainable.');"><sup>31</sup></span> - There is no comparison at all.
כדוהאVhפיגלFyglביןVynבקדשיVkdshyקדשיםKdshymביןVynבקדשיםVkdshymקליםKlymמצוהMtsvhלמיזרקיהLmyzrkyh
24The Red Cow can rightly be regarded as ready to be redeemed, for if another cow finer than this one is obtainable, it is a meritorious act to redeem it; but as regards meal-offerings, is there any meritorious act to redeem [what has been consecrated for a meal-offering]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of course not. Therefore it is not regarded as already redeemed.');"><sup>32</sup></span> But in the case where [a portion of the sacrifice] had remained overnight before the sprinkling [of the blood], there was a duty to sprinkle the blood, and if one so desired one could have sprinkled it, nevertheless the [Baraitha] states that it does not convey food-uncleanness!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Obviously we do not accept the principle that whatever is in the condition ready to be sprinkled is considered as already sprinkled.');"><sup>33</sup></span> - We must assume that there was no time left during the day for the sprinkling [of the blood].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the sacrifice was slaughtered almost at sunset, so that the blood could not possibly have been sprinkled in the proper time; accordingly the flesh was never permitted as food.');"><sup>34</sup></span> Then what would be the position where there was sufficient time left in the day [for the sprinkling]? It would convey food-uncleanness! If so, instead of teaching, 'If [it remained overnight] after the sprinkling [of the blood] it conveys food-uncleanness', [the Tanna] should have drawn a distinction in the very case itself<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., where it had remained overnight before the sprinkling.');"><sup>35</sup></span> in the following terms: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the sacrificial portion which remained overnight does not convey food-uncleanness.');"><sup>36</sup></span> applies only where no time was left during the day [for the sprinkling of the blood], but if there was sufficient time left i the day [for the sprinkling] it conveys food-uncleanness!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And it goes without saying that if it remained overnight after the sprinkling it conveys food-uncleanness.');"><sup>37</sup></span> - That is just what [the Tanna] meant to teach: If [the portion of the sacrifice] had remained overnight before [the blood] was ready for the sprinkling,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., there was no time left in the day for the sprinkling.');"><sup>38</sup></span> it does not convey food-uncleanness; but if after [the blood] was ready for the sprinkling, it conveys food-uncleanness.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As there was time left in the day for the sprinkling it is regarded as already sprinkled; accordingly the flesh is considered as having been in the permitted state, and therefore conveys food-uncleanness.');"><sup>39</sup></span> But in the case where an offering, either of the most holy or of the less holy kind, had been made piggul, there was a duty to sprinkle [the blood in the proper manner],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., free from any intention that makes the offering piggul.');"><sup>40</sup></span>
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