Nedarim 117

Chapter 117

א אמרי מעשר דיגון הוא דקא גרים ליה
1 — I will tell you: The tithe obligation is caused by the storing up [of the grain].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Until the grain is harvested and actually piled up in a stack, there is no obligation for the priestly dues. Thus it is not an obligation caused by the soil. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב מתיב רמי בר חמא קונם פירות האלו עלי קונם הן על פי קונם הן לפי אסור בחילופיהן ובגידוליהן שאני אוכל ושאני טועם מותר בחילופיהן ובגידוליהן בדבר שזרעו כלה אבל בדבר שאין זרעו כלה אפילו גידולי גידולין אסורין
2 Rami b. Hama objected: [If a man says,] 'KONAM BE THESE FRUITS TO ME, 'BE THEY KONAM FOR MY MOUTH, OR 'BE THEY KONAM TO MY MOUTH,' HE IS FORBIDDEN [TO BENEFIT] FROM WHAT IS EXCHANGED FOR THEM OR WHAT GROWS FROM THEM. [IF HE SAYS, 'KONAM] IF I EAT OR TASTE OF THEM,' HE IS PERMITTED [TO BENEFIT] FROM WHAT IS EXCHANGED FOR THEM OR WHAT GROWS OF THEM, [THAT IS] IN A THING OF WHICH THE SEED ITSELF PERISHES; BUT IF THE SEED DOES NOT PERISH, EVEN THAT WHICH GROWS OF THAT WHICH [FIRST] GREW FROM IT IS FORBIDDEN!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This proves that the increase does not nullify the original, thus refuting R. Ammi's view. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ג אמר רבי אבא שאני קונמות הואיל ואי בעי מתשיל עלייהו הוו להו כדבר שיש לו מתירין ואין בטיל ברוב
3 — Said R. Abba: Vows<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Konamoth, Lit., 'Vows expressed by Konam'. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ד והרי תרומה דאי בעי מיתשיל עלה ובטלי ברוב דתנן סאה תרומה טמאה שנפלה לפחות ממאה חולין תרקב הא למאה תעלה אמרי בתרומה ביד כהן עסקינן דלא מצי מיתשיל עלה
4 are different: since if he wishes he can demand absolution from tithes, they are as [forbidden] things that may become permitted and [hence] are not nullified by excess.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 183, n. 8. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ה אי הכי אימא סיפא אם היתה טהורה תמכר לכהן אלא בישראל שנפלו לו מבית אבי אמו כהן עסקינן
5 But with <i>terumah</i> likewise he may, if he wishes, demand absolution from it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If one declares certain grain terumah in error, he can have this declaration nullified, and the grain reverts to its former state. ');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ו [והא] קתני סיפא תימכר לכהן חוץ מדמי אותה סאה
6 and yet it can be nullified?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cur. edd. add 'by mere excess'. Wilna Gaon deletes this, since mere excess is insufficient, a hundred times its quantity being required. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ז אלא אימא בשלמא קונמות מצוה לאיתשולי עליהן משום דרבי נתן דאמר רבי נתן כל הנודר כאילו בנה במה והמקיימו כאילו מקטיר עליה תרומה מאי מצוה לאיתשולי עלה
7 For we learnt: If a <i>se'ah</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ח גופא אמר רבי יוחנן ליטרא בצלים שתיקנה וזרעה מתעשרת לפי כולה יתיב רבה וקאמר להא שמעתא אמר ליה רב חסדא מאן צאית לך ולר' יוחנן רבך היתר שבהן להיכן הלך אמר ליה מי לא תנן דכוותה בצלים שירדו עליהם גשמים וצימחו
8 of unclean <i>terumah</i> falls into less than a hundred of hullin it must [all] rot.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Unclean terumah may not he eaten by anyone, and therefore nothing can be done with the mixture. ');"><sup>8</sup></span> [This implies. but if it falls] into a hundred [se'ahs of hullin], it is nullified? — I will tell you: This refers to <i>terumah</i> in the priest's hands, in regard to which he can demand no absolution.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Israelite who declares it terumah can have his declaration nullified only before it reaches the hands of the priest but not after. ');"><sup>9</sup></span> If so, consider the second clause: If it was undefiled, it should [all] be sold to a priest.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Obviously then it was still in the hands of an Israelite. ');"><sup>10</sup></span> But this refers to [<i>terumah</i> in the hands of] an Israelite, who inherited it from his maternal grandfathers a priest.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus it had already belonged to a priest, and cannot be revoked. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> But the second clause teaches, It must be sold to a priests save for the value of that <i>se'ah</i>?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which belongs to the priest as terumah. But under the circumstances here posited, even that se'ah too belongs to the Israelite. ');"><sup>12</sup></span> — But answer thus: As for vows, it is well, since it is meritorious to seek absolution from them on account of R. Nathan's dictum, Viz., He who vows, is as though he built a high place; and he who fulfils it, is as though he burned incense thereon. But what merit is there in seeking absolution from <i>terumah</i>.?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Therefore something prohibited by a vow is treated as that which can become permitted, since it ought to be revoked; but this does not apply to terumah. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> The text [above] states: 'R. Johanan said: If a <i>litra</i> of onions was tithed and then planted, the whole of it must be retithed'. Now Rabbah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec.: Raba. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> was sitting and stating this law, whereupon R. Hisda said to him: Who will obey you and R. Johanan your teacher: whither has the permitted portion in them departed? He replied: But did we not learn something similar? Viz., 'Onions [of the sixth year] upon which rain fell, and which grew [in the seventh], —