Nedarim 161

Chapter 161

א גוף כולו לא כל שכן אמרי אין כביסה אלימא לר' יוסי דאמר שמואל האי ערבוביתא דרישא מתיא לידי עוירא ערבוביתא דמאני מתיא לידי שעמומיתא ערבוביתא דגופא מתיא לידי שיחני וכיבי
1 how much more so with respect to the body? — I will tell you: In R. Jose's opinion laundering is indeed of greater importance than bathing. For Samuel said: Scabs of the head [caused by not washing] lead to blindness; scabs (arising through the wearing] of (unclean] garments cause madness; scabs (due to neglect] of the body cause boils and ulcers.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Madness is the worst of the lot. ');"><sup>1</sup></span> They sent word from there (sc. Palestine]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This always refers to R. Eleazer b. Pedath — Sanh. 17b. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב שלחו מתם הזהרו בערבוביתא הזהרו בחבורה הזהרו בבני עניים שמהן תצא תורה שנאמר (במדבר כד, ז) יזל מים מדליו שמהן תצא תורה
2 Be on guard against scabs; take good care (to study] in company<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This ensures greater keeness and understanding than studying alone. ');"><sup>3</sup></span> and be heedful (not to neglect] the children of the poor,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, not to neglect their teaching (Ran). ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ג ומפני מה אין מצויין ת"ח לצאת ת"ח מבניהן אמר רב יוסף שלא יאמרו תורה ירושה היא להם רב ששת בריה דרב אידי אומר כדי שלא יתגדרו על הצבור מר זוטרא אומר מפני שהן מתגברין על הצבור רב אשי אומר משום דקרו לאינשי חמרי
3 for from them Torah goeth forth, as it is written, The water shall flow out of his buckets (mi-dalyaw]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXIV, 7. ');"><sup>5</sup></span> [meaning], from the dallim [poor] amongst them goeth forth Torah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Adopting reading of 'En Yakob. Water being symbolic of Torah: cf. Is. LV, 1. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ד רבינא אומר שאין מברכין בתורה תחלה דאמר רב יהודה אמר רב מאי דכתיב (ירמיהו ט, יא) מי האיש החכם ויבן את זאת דבר זה נשאל לחכמים ולנביאים ולא פירשוהו
4 And why is it not usual for scholars to give birth to sons who are scholars? — Said R. Joseph, That it might not be maintained, The Torah is their legacy.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., others should not complain that it is useless for them to study, or that they themselves should not think study unnecessary. ');"><sup>7</sup></span> R. Shisha, the son of R. Idi, said: That they should not be arrogant towards the community. Mar Zutra said: Because they act high-handedly against the community.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec.: because they are arrogant etc. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ה עד שפירשו הקב"ה בעצמו דכתיב (ירמיהו ט, יב) ויאמר ה' על עזבם את תורתי וגו' היינו לא שמעו בקולי היינו לא הלכו בה אמר רב יהודה אמר רב שאין מברכין בתורה תחלה
5 R. Ashi said: Because they call people asses.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These observations shew that there was a mutual antipathy between the scholars and the masses. Cf. Graetz, Gesch. IV, p. 361. It is noteworthy however that, as evidenced by this passage, many Rabbis themselves criticised the attitude of scholars. ');"><sup>9</sup></span> Rabina said: Because they do not first utter a blessing over the Torah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As required. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ו איסי בר יהודה לא אתא למתיבתא דר' יוסי תלתא יומי אשכחיה ורדימוס בר' יוסי א"ל מאי טעמא לא אתי מר לבי מדרשא דאבא הא תלתא יומין א"ל כי טעמיה דאבוך לא ידענא היכא איתאי א"ל לימא מר מאי קא"ל דלמא ידענא טעמיה א"ל הא דתניא ר' יוסי אומר כביסתן קודמין לחיי אחרים קרא מנלן
6 For Rab Judah said in Rab's name: What is meant by, Who is the wise man, that he may understand this [… for what is the land destroyed etc.]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jer. IX, 11. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> Now, this question was put to the Sages, Prophets, and Ministering Angels,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'And ministering angels' is absent from our text, but added from the parallel passage in B.M. 85a. ');"><sup>12</sup></span>
ז א"ל דכתיב (במדבר לה, ג) ומגרשיהם יהיו לבהמתם וגו' מאי חייתם אילימא חיה והלא חיה בכלל בהמה היא אלא מאי חייתם חיותא ממש פשיטא אלא לאו כביסה דהא איכא צערא דערבוביתא
7 but they could not answer it, until the Almighty Himself did so, as it is written, And the Lord said, Because they have forsaken my law which I set before them, and have not obeyed my voice, neither walked therein:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 10. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> but is not 'have not obeyed my voice' identical with, 'neither walked therein'? — Rab Judah said in Rab's name: [It means] that they did not first recite a benediction over the Torah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This follows since the Almighty Himself had to answer; had they neglected it altogether, the reason would have been patent to all. Hence it must mean that though they studied it, their motives were selfish, and not based on an appreciation of its own intrinsic worth. This is expressed by saying that they did not recite a benediction over it, i.e., they did not value it for itself. Ran. ');"><sup>14</sup></span>
ח א"ר יוסי אין אלו נדרי עינוי נפש איבעיא להו לר' יוסי מהו שיפר משום דברים שבינו לבינה ת"ש א"ר יוסי אין אלו נדרי עינוי נפש אבל דברים שבינו לבינה הויין
8 Isi b. Judah did not come for three days to the college of R. Jose. Wardimus, the son of R. Jose, met him and asked, 'Why have you Sir, not been for these last three days at my father's school?' He replied, 'Seeing that I do not know your father's grounds [for his rulings], why should I attend?' 'Please repeat, Sir, what he told you,' he urged; 'perhaps I may know the reason.' Said he, 'As to what was taught, R. Jose said: Their laundering takes precedence over the lives of strangers, whence do we know a verse [to support this]? Said he, Because it is written, And the suburbs of them shall be for their cattle, and for their goods, and for all their beasts [hayyatham].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXXV, 3. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> Now, what is meant by hayyatham: Shall we say, 'beasts' — but beasts are included in cattle? But if hayyatham means literally 'their lives', is it not obvious?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That they use it to benefit their own lives. ');"><sup>16</sup></span>
ט דלמא לדידהו קאמר להו לדידי אפי' דברים שבינו לבינה לא הויין לדידכו דאמריתו הויין נדרי עינוי נפש אודו לי דאין אלו נדרי עינוי נפש
9 Hence it must surely refer to laundering,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., wells in their suburbs shall be put to this use. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> since [neglect of one's clothes] causes the pains of scabs.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And as it is expressed by a word meaning life, we deduce that its importance is so great that it takes precedence over the lives of strangers. ');"><sup>18</sup></span>
י מאי רב אדא בר אהבה אומר מפר רב הונא אומר אין מפר
10 R. JOSE SAID: THESE ARE NOT VOWS OF SELF-DENIAL. The scholars propounded: In the view of R. Jose, can he [the husband] annul them as matters affecting their mutual relationship?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the husband may assert that he personally is affected by his wife's refusal to bathe or adorn herself. On the difference between the grounds of annulment, v. supra, 79b. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> — Come and hear: R. JOSE SAID: THESE ARE NOT VOWS OF SELF-DENIAL, implying however that they are matters affecting their mutual relationship.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For otherwise he should simply state that the husband cannot annul them (Ran and Asheri). ');"><sup>20</sup></span> — [No.] Perhaps he argues to them on their view. [Thus:] In my opinion they are not even matters affecting their mutual relationship: but you who maintain that they are vows of self-denial, should at least concede to me that these are not vows of self-denial.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that if you persist in conceding the husband the right to annul, it should be on the grounds of mutual concern, not mortification. ');"><sup>21</sup></span> What [is our decision on the matter]? — Adda b. Ahabah said: He can annul them, R. Huna said: He cannot annul,