כ ולרב פפא דמברך אמיא לאתויי מאי לאתויי מצות ולבני מערבא דמברכי בתר דסליקו תפילייהו אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו לשמור חוקיו לאתויי מאי לאתויי
20 THERE ARE SOME THAT HAVE FINS AND NO SCALES, refers to an unclean fish.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. prev. n. mut. mut. ');"><sup>34</sup></span> Now consider: Since we<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In determining whether a fish is clean or unclean. ');"><sup>35</sup></span> rely on the scales,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As has been stated in our Mishnah, WHATSOEVER HAS SCALES HAS FINS. ');"><sup>36</sup></span> what need then was there for the All Merciful to mention<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As one of the marks of a clean fish in Lev. XI, 9ff. ');"><sup>37</sup></span> fins?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., fins which the All Merciful has written, wherefore to me'. ');"><sup>38</sup></span> — If the All Merciful had not written fins it might have been presumed that the written word kaskeseth<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The word rendered scales'. ');"><sup>39</sup></span> meant<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'what kaskeseth that is written.' ');"><sup>40</sup></span> fins and that even an unclean fish [is, therefore, permitted]. Hence has the All Merciful written 'fins' and 'scales'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus indicating that each is a distinctive mark. ');"><sup>41</sup></span> But now that the All Merciful has written both 'fins' and 'scales', whence is it deduced that kaskeseth<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The word rendered scales'. ');"><sup>39</sup></span> means the covering? Because it is written, And he was clad with a coat of mail.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Kaskasim (of the same rt, as kaskeseth). I Sam. XVII, 5. ');"><sup>42</sup></span> Then why<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the meaning of kaskeseth is definitely established and cannot be mistaken for that of fins. ');"><sup>43</sup></span> did not the All Merciful write kaskeseth<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The word rendered scales'. ');"><sup>39</sup></span> and there would be no need for the mention of fins?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since WHATSOEVER HAS SCALES HAS FINS. ');"><sup>44</sup></span> — R. Abbahu replied and so it was also taught at the school of R. Ishmael: To make the teaching great and glorious.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Isa. XLII, 21. Even an apparently superfluous word adds to the greatness and glory of the Torah. ');"><sup>45</sup></span> <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. WHATSOEVER REQUIRES A BENEDICTION AFTER IT REQUIRES ONE BEFORE IT, BUT THERE ARE THINGS THAT REQUIRE A BENEDICTION BEFORE THEM AND NOT AFTER THEM. <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. [What was the last clause<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' BUT THERE ARE etc. ');"><sup>46</sup></span> intended] to include? — To include vegetables. But according to R. Isaac who did say a benediction<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' '… who createst many living beings' (cf. P.B. p. 290). ');"><sup>47</sup></span> after the eating of vegetables, what was this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' BUT THERE ARE etc. ');"><sup>46</sup></span> intended to include? — To include water. But according to R. Papa who said a benediction<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' '… who createst many living beings' (cf. P.B. p. 290). ');"><sup>47</sup></span> after he drank water, what was it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' BUT THERE ARE etc. ');"><sup>46</sup></span> intended to include? — To include the performance of commandments.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Those, for instance, of lulab, shofar, zizith and tefillin which require a benediction only before and not after they are performed. ');"><sup>48</sup></span> But according to the Palestinians<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the sons of the west'. Palestine lay to the west of Babylon where the discussion took place. ');"><sup>49</sup></span> who after removing their tefillin say the benediction of ' … who hath sanctified us by his commandments, and hath commanded us to keep his statutes', what does this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' BUT THERE ARE etc. ');"><sup>50</sup></span> include? — It includes