Pesachim 18

Chapter 18

א ובא כהן והציץ בו לידע אם זכר הוא אם נקבה היא ובא מעשה לפני חכמים וטיהרוהו מפני שחולדה וברדלס מצויין שם
1 and a priest came and looked down it to see whether it was a male or a female;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To decide the period of the slave's uncleanness (v. Lev. XII, 4, 5) . A heathen slave in a Jewish house was a semi-Jew, and bound to observe all the religious obligations of a Jewess.');"><sup>1</sup></span> and when the matter came before the Sages they declared him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The priest.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב והא הכא דודאי הטילה וספק גררוהו וספק לא גררוהו ההיא שעתא וקאתי ספק ומוציא מידי ודאי לא תימא שהטילה נפל לבור אלא אימא שהפילה כמין נפל לבור והוי ספק וספק
2 clean, because weasels and martens<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb. Bardelles.');"><sup>3</sup></span> were to be found there.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They may have dragged the body into one of their holes, leaving the pit itself empty. Had it been there the priest would have been defiled through stooping over it, even though he did not touch it.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ג והא לידע אם זכר הוא אם נקבה היא קתני הכי קאמר לידע אם רוח הפילה אם נפל הפילה ואם תמצא לומר נפל הפילה לידע אם זכר הוא ואם נקבה היא
3 Now here, she had certainly thrown it in, while it is doubtful whether they had dragged it away or not by that time, yet the doubt comes and negatives the certainty? - Do not say that she threw a premature child into a pit, but say, 'she threw something like a premature child into a pit', so that it is a doubt against a doubt.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the body may not have been formed yet, in which case it does not contaminate.');"><sup>5</sup></span> But it states: 'In order to see whether it was a male or a female'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which implies that the body was fully formed and the mother was unclean, as after a proper birth, save that the sex had been overlooked.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ד ואיבעית אימא התם ודאי וודאי הוא כיון דחולדה וברדלס מצויין שם ודאי גררוהו בההיא שעתא נהי דשיורי משיירא מיגרר מיהת ודאי גררום בההיא שעתא (לישנא אחרינא נהי דודאי אכלום לא אמרינן ודאי גררוהו לחורייהו אמרינן)
4 - This is what it says: To know whether she had aborted wind<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., an unformed body.');"><sup>7</sup></span> or a premature child; and should you say that it was a premature child, to see whether it was a male or a female.
ה ומי אמרינן אין חוששין שמא גררה חולדה והא קתני סיפא מה שמשייר יניחנו בצנעה שלא יהא צריך בדיקה אחריו
5 Alternatively. there it is a certainty against a certainty; since weasels and martens ar to be found there they had certainly dragged it away by that time; [for] granted that they may have left over,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., not eaten it.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ו אמר אביי לא קשיא הא בארבעה עשר הא בשלשה עשר בשלשה עשר דשכיח ריפתא בכולהו בתי לא מצנעא בארבעה עשר דלא שכיחא ריפתא בכולהו בתי מצנעא
6 yet they certainly had dragged it away by that time. But do we say, we leave no fear that a weasel may have dragged [leaven], etc. ?
ז אמר רבא וכי חולדה נביאה היא דידעא דהאידנא ארביסר ולא אפי עד לאורתא ומשיירא ומטמרא אלא אמר רבא מה שמשייר יניחנו בצנעה שמא תטול חולדה בפנינו ויהא צריך בדיקה אחריו
7 Surely the second clause states:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra 10b.');"><sup>9</sup></span> What he leaves over<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After the search, for the following morning's meal.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ח תניא כוותיה דרבא הרוצה לאכול חמץ אחר בדיקה כיצד יעשה מה שמשייר יניחנו בצנעה שלא תבוא חולדה ותיטול בפנינו ויהא צריך בדיקה אחריו
8 he must put away in a hidden place, so that it should not require a search after it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For otherwise a weasel may drag it away.');"><sup>11</sup></span> Said Abaye.
ט רב מרי אמר גזירה שמא יניח עשר וימצא תשע:
9 There is no difficulty: the one [refers to a search] on the fourteenth; the other, on the thirteenth. [If one searches] on the thirteenth, when bread is [yet] to be found in all houses, it [a weasel] do not hide [leaven]; on the fourteenth, when bread is not to be found in all houses, it does hide [it].
י תשע ציבורין של מצה ואחד של חמץ ואתא עכבר ושקל ולא ידעינן אי מצה שקל אי חמץ שקל היינו תשע חנויות פירש ואתא עכבר ושקל היינו סיפא
10 Said Raba: Is then a weasel a prophet to know that it is the fourteenth now and people will not bake until the evening, so that it should leave [some] over and hide [it]? Rather said Raba: What one leaves over he must put away in a hidden place lest a weasel seize it in his presence and it require a search after it.
יא דתנן תשע חנויות כולן מוכרין בשר שחוטה ואחת מוכרת בשר נבלה ולקח מאחת מהן ואינו יודע מאיזה מהן לקח ספיקו אסור
11 It was taught in accordance with Raba: If one wishes to eat leaven after the search, what shall he do? Let him put it away in a hidden place, lest a weasel come and seize it in his presence and it require a search after it.
יב ובנמצא הלך אחר הרוב
12 R'Mari said: It for fear that he may leave ten<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., rolls.');"><sup>12</sup></span> and [only] 'find nine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For then it would be certain that one had been removed, and this would necessitate a further search.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
יג שני ציבורין אחד של מצה ואחד של חמץ ולפניהם שני בתים אחד בדוק ואחד שאינו בדוק ואתו שני עכברים אחד שקל מצה ואחד שקל חמץ ולא ידעינן הי להאי עייל והי להאי עייל היינו שתי קופות
13 If there are nine packages of mazzah and one of leaven, and a mouse comes and steals [a package], and we do not know whether it took mazzah or leaven,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 33. n. 3. If mazzah, no further search is required; if leaven, it is required.');"><sup>14</sup></span> that is [similar to the case of] nine shops.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Explained infra.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
יד דתנן שתי קופות אחת של חולין ואחת של תרומה ולפניהם שני סאין אחד של חולין ואחד של תרומה ונפלו אלו לתוך אלו מותרין שאני אומר חולין לתוך חולין נפלו ותרומה לתוך תרומה נפלה
14 If [one package] was separated<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But we do not know whether this separated package was leaven or mazzah.');"><sup>16</sup></span> and a mouse came and stole it, that is [similar to] the second clause.
טו אימור דאמרינן שאני אומר
15 For it was taught: If there are nine shops all selling meat of [ritually] slaughtered [animals], and there is one shop selling meat of nebelah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>17</sup></span> and a man buys [meat] from one of them , but he does not know from which [shop] he bought the [meat in] doubt is prohibited; but in the case of [meat] found, we follow the majority.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And assume it to have come out of one of the nine. In the first instance the forbidden meat is in a fixed place; technically this is called kabu'a');"><sup>18</sup></span> If there are two packages, one of mazzah and the other of leaven, and before them are two rooms, one searched and the other unsearched, and two mice came, one took mazzah and the other took leaven, and we do not know which [mouse] entered which [house], that is the case of two baskets. For we learned: If there are two baskets, one containing hullin<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>19</sup></span> and the other containing terumah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>19</sup></span> and in front of them are two se'ahs [of provisions], one of hullin and the other of terumah, and these fell into those, they [sc. the content of the baskets] are permitted, for I assume: The hullin fell into hullin and the terumah fell into terumah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By a similar assumption the house already searched does not needed to be searched anew.');"><sup>20</sup></span> Perhaps we say 'I assume'