Pesachim 196

והא קא מייתי קדשים לבית הפסול

But he brings sacrifices to the place of unfitness?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This difficulty arises on R. Simeon's ruling. A firstling may be eaten two days and the night in between, whereas the Passover-offering may be eaten only on the first night. Thus if it is not eaten by morning he must burn it as nothar (v. Glos.) , whereas it is actually still fit.');">¹</span> -R'Simeon is consistent with his view, for he maintains: One may bring sacrifices to the place of unfitness.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In such a case, rather than let them graze until they receive a blemish, which is the only alternative.');">²</span>

רבי שמעון לטעמיה דאמר מביאין קדשים לבית הפסול דתנן אשם שנתערב בשלמים רבי שמעון אומר ישחטו בצפון ויאכלו כחומר שבהן

For we learned: If a guilt-offering was mixed up with a peace-offering, - R'Simeon said: They must be slaughtered at the north [side of the altar]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The side prescribed for the slaughtering of a guilt-offering. Peace-offerings could be slaughtered on any side of the Temple Court.');">³</span> and eaten in accordance with [the laws of] the more stringent of them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., as guilt-offerings, viz., during one day and a night only, within the Temple precincts, and by male priests.-A peace-offering is eaten two days and one night, anywhere in Jerusalem, and by Israelites as well as priests.');">⁴</span>

אמרו לו אין מביאין קדשים לבית הפסול

Said they to him: One may not bring sacrifices to the place of unfitness.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But they must be left to graze until blemished.');">⁵</span> Now according to the Rabbis, what do we do?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When a Passover-offering is mixed up with a firstling. When it is mixed up with a burnt-offering or guilt-offering, or when a peace-offering is mixed up with a guilt-offering, the expedient stated in the Mishnah is possible. But a firstling, even when blemished, can not be redeemed in the sense that it becomes hullin but must be eaten by a priest with its blemish; while on the other hand when a Passover-offering receives a blemish, it must be redeemed and may not be eaten otherwise.');">⁶</span>

ורבנן היכי עבדינן אמר רבא נמתין לו עד שיוממו ויביא בהמה שמינה ולימא כל היכא דאיתיה לפסח תחול עליה דהאי ואכיל להו בתורת בכור בעל מום:

-Said Raba: We wait until they receive a blemish. Then he brings a choice animal and declares: 'Wherever the Passover-offering may be,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., whichever of these two animals is the Passover.');">⁷</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> חבורה שאבד פסחה ואמרו לאחד צא ובקש ושחוט עלינו והלך ומצא ושחט והם לקחו ושחטו אם שלו נשחט ראשון הוא אוכל משלו והם אוכלין עמו משלו ואם שלהן נשחט ראשון הם אוכלין משלהן והוא אוכל משלו

let it[s sanctity] be transferr to this one,'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus whichever is the Passover-offering is redeemed.');">⁸</span> and he eats them In accordance with the laws of a blemished firstling.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are: it may not be slaughtered or sold in the ordinary abattoir, nor weighed with the ordinary weights. These restrictions do not apply to a redeemed Passover-offering, and would not apply here if he knew which it was.');">⁹</span>

ואם אינו ידוע איזה מהן נשחט ראשון או ששחטו שניהם כאחד הוא אוכל משלו והם אינם אוכלין עמו ושלהן יצא לבית השריפה ופטורין מלעשות פסח שני

M I S H N A H. IF A COMPANY LOST THEIR PASCHAL SACRIFICE AND INSTRUCTED ONE [OF THEIR NUMBER], 'GO AND SEEK IT, AND SLAUGHTER IT ON OUR BEHALF'; AND HE WENT, FOUND, AND SLAUGHTERED IT, WHILE THEY [Also] TOOK AN ANIMAL AND SLAUGHTERED [IT]: IF HIS WAS SLAUGHTERED FIRST, HE EATS OF HIS AND THEY EAT WITH HIM.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By instructing him to slaughter it on their behalf they become registered for his and cannot register for another after the first was slaughtered. Hence their own is unfit and must be burnt.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר להן אם אחרתי צאו ושחטו עלי הלך ומצא ושחט והן לקחו ושחטו אם שלהן נשחט ראשון הן אוכלין משלהן והוא אוכל עמהן ואם שלו נשחט ראשון הוא אוכל משלו והן אוכלין משלהם

WHILE IF THEIRS WAS FIRST SLAUGHTERED, THEY EAT OF THEIRS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By slaughtering their own first they ipso facto cancelled their registration for the original, which is permissible, v. supra 89a.');">¹¹</span> WHILE HE EATS OF HIS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But not of theirs, since he had not registered with them.');">¹²</span>

ואם אינו ידוע איזה מהן נשחט ראשון או ששחטו שניהם כאחד הן אוכלין משלהן והוא אינו אוכל עמהן ושלו יצא לבית השריפה ופטור מלעשות פסח שני

BUT IF IT IS UNKNOWN WHICH OF THEM WAS FIRST SLAUGHTERED, OR IF THEY KILLED BOTH OF THEM AT THE SAME TIME, HE EATS OF HIS, BUT THEY MAY NOT EAT WITH HIM;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lest their own was slaughtered first, whereby they had cancelled their registration for his.');">¹³</span> WHILE THEIRS GOES FORTH TO THE PLACE OF BURNING,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For his may have been killed first; v. n. 4.');">¹⁴</span>

אמר להן ואמרו לו אוכלין כולן מן הראשון ואם אין ידוע איזה מהן נשחט ראשון שניהן יוצאין לבית השריפה

AND THEY ARE EXEMPT FROM KEEPING THE SECOND PASSOVER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because they were certainly registered for one animal at the first Passover, while the eating is not indispensable.');">¹⁵</span> IF HE SAID TO THEM, IF I DELAY, GO FORTH AND SLAUGHTER ON MY BEHALF,'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But they did not instruct him to slaughter the lost animal on their behalf.');">¹⁶</span>

לא אמר להן ולא אמרו לו אין אחראין זה לזה

[AND] THEN HE WENT AND FOUND AND SLAUGHTERED [IT], WHILE THEY TOOK [ANOTHER] AND SLAUGHTERED [IT], IF THEIRS WAS SLAUGHTERED FIRST, THEY EAT OF THEIRS WHILE HE EATS WITH THEM.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' While his own must be burnt, for according to his instructions he was now registered for theirs; hence his is unfit, having none registered for it.');">¹⁷</span> WHILE IF HIS WAS SLAUGHTERED FIRST, HE EATS OF HIS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. p. 528, n. 5.');">¹⁸</span>

שתי חבורות שנתערבו פסחיהן אלו מושכין להן אחד ואלו מושכין להן אחד אחד מאלו בא לו אצל אלו ואחד מאלו בא לו אצל אלו וכך הם אומרים אם שלנו הוא הפסח הזה ידיך משוכות משלך ונמנית על שלנו ואם שלך הוא הפסח הזה ידינו משוכות משלנו ונמנינו על שלך

AND THEY EAT OF THEIRS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For they were not registered for his, since they had not instructed him to slaughter it on their behalf.');">¹⁹</span> But IF IT IS UNKNOWN WHICH OF THEM WAS SLAUGHTERED FIRST, OR IF THEY SLAUGHTERED BOTH OF THEM AT THE SAME TIME, THEY EAT OF THEIRS, BUT HE MAY NOT EAT WITH THEM, WHILE HIS OWN GOES FORTH TO THE PLACE OF BURNING, AND HE IS EXEMPT FROM KEEPING THE SECOND PASSOVER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. p. 528, n. 9.');">²⁰</span>

וכן חמש חבורות של חמשה חמשה ושל עשרה עשרה מושכין להן אחד מכל חבורה וחבורה וכן הם אומרים

IF HE INSTRUCTED THEM, AND THEY INSTRUCTED HIM,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He instructed them to slaughter on his behalf if he delayed, and they instructed him to slaughter on their behalf if he found the lost animal.');">²¹</span> THEY MUST ALL EAT OF THE FIRST [TO BE SLAUGHTERED],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For which they are all automatically registered now.');">²²</span>

שנים שנתערבו פסחיהן זה מושך לו אחד וזה מושך לו אחד זה ממנה עמו אחד מן השוק וזה ממנה עמו אחד מן השוק

AND IF IT IS UNKNOWN WHICH OF THEM WAS SLAUGHTERED FIRST, BOTH GO FORTH TO THE PLACE OF BURNING.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Each must thus go forth lest it was slaughtered last and had none registered for it.');">²³</span> IF HE DID NOT INSTRUCT THEM AND THEY DID NOT INSTRUCT HIM,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To slaughter on each other's behalf.');">²⁴</span>

זה בא אצל זה וזה בא אצל זה וכך הם אומרים אם שלי הוא פסח זה ידיך משוכות משלך ונמנית על שלי ואם שלך הוא פסח זה ידי משוכות משלי ונמניתי על שלך:

THEY ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR EACH OTHER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Each party eats of its own, whatever the order of their slaughtering.');">²⁵</span> IF THE PASCHAL SACRIFICES OF TWO COMPANIES BECOME MIXED UP, THESE TAKE POSSESSION OF ONE [ANIMAL] AND THOSE TAKE POSSESSION OF ONE.

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תנו רבנן אמר להן ואמרו לו אוכל מן הראשון לא אמר להן ולא אמרו לו אינן אחראין זה לזה

ONE MEMBER OF THESE JOINS THOSE, AND ONE MEMBER OF THOSE JOINS THESE, AND THEY DECLARE THUS:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Each company declares thus to the newcomer.');">²⁶</span> IF THIS PASCHAL SACRIFICE IS OURS, YOUR HANDS ARE WITHDRAWN FROM YOUR OWN AND YOU ARE REGISTERED FOR OURS; WHILE IF THIS PASCHAL SACRIFICE IS YOURS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., it belongs to your first company.');">²⁷</span> OUR HANDS ARE WITHDRAWN FROM OURS AND WE ARE REGISTERED FOR YOURS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One of each company must join the other, for otherwise each company would have to withdraw en masse from their own, if it had been taken by the second, thus leaving it momentarily entirely without owners, and this is forbidden.');">²⁸</span> SIMILARLY, IF THERE ARE FIVE COMPANIES CONSISTING OF FIVE MEMBERS EACH OR OF TEN EACH, THEY DRAW ONE FROM EACH COMPANY TO THEMSELVES AND MAKE THE FOREGOING DECLARATION.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Each company consists of four new members and one original member. The latter (or all the original members, where each company consisted of more than five) makes the foregoing declaration to each new member in turn.');">²⁹</span> IF THE PASCHAL SACRIFICES BELONGING TO TWO [SINGLE INDIVIDUALS] BECOME MIXED UP, EACH TAKES POSSESSION OF ONE [ANIMAL]; THIS ONE REGISTERS A STRANGER<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'a man from the street'.');">³⁰</span> WITH HIMSELF AND THAT ONE REGISTERS A STRANGER WITH HIMSELF.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus there are now two registered persons for each sacrifice.');">³¹</span> THE FORMER GOES OVER TO THE LATTER SACRIFICE AND THE LATTER GOES OVER TO THE FORMER SACRIFICE, AND THEY [I. E. , EACH OWNER] DECLARE THUS: IF THIS PASCHAL SACRIFICE IS MINE, YOUR HANDS ARE WITHDRAWN FROM YOUR OWN AND YOU ARE REGISTERED FOR MINE; WHILE IF THIS PASCHAL SACRIFICE IS YOURS, MY HANDS ARE WITHDRAWN FROM MINE AND I AM REGISTERED FOR YOURS.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The general reasoning is the same as in the previous cases.');">³²</span> <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Our Rabbis taught: if he instructed them and they instructed him, they must [all] eat of the first. If he did not instruct them and they did not instruct him, they are not responsible for each other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus in the first case one animal must be destroyed, whatever happens, while in the second both are eaten.');">³³</span>