Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Pesachim 40

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1

ת"ל (ויקרא יא, לג) כל אשר בתוכו יטמא וסמיך ליה מכל האוכל אוכל מטמא מאויר כלי חרס ואין כל הכלים מטמאין מאויר כלי חרס:

therefore it is stated, whatsoever is it, it shall be unclean, and in proximity thereto, all food therein which 'may be eaten:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XI. 33f.');"><sup>1</sup></span> food becomes unclean through the air space of an [unclean] earthen vessel, but no utensils become unclean through the air space of an [unclean] earthen vessel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But if the sherez, were regarded as completely filling the oven, utensils therein too should be unclean, for direct contact therewith does defile them.');"><sup>2</sup></span>

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2

רב חסדא רמי פיסחא אפיסחא ומשני מי א"ר יהושע שתיהן כאחת

R'Hisda opposed two teachings of Passover, and reconciled [them]. Did R'Joshua say, Both of them [may be burnt] together?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. unclean terumah and doubtful terumah.');"><sup>3</sup></span>

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3

ורמינהו א"ר יוסי אין הנדון דומה לראיה כשהעידו רבותינו על מה העידו אם על הבשר שנטמא בולד הטומאה ששורפין אותו עם הבשר שנטמא באב הטומאה זה טמא וזה טמא

But the following contradicts it: R'Jose said [to R'Meir]: The conclusion is not similar the premise. For when our Masters testified, concerning what did they testify?

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4

אם על השמן שנפסל בטבול יום שמדליקין אותו בנר שנטמא בטמא מת זה פסול וזה טמא אף אנו מודים בתרומה שנטמאת בולד הטומאה ששורפין אותה עם התרומה שנטמאת באב הטומאה אבל היאך נשרוף אפילו תלויה עם הטמאה שמא יבא אליהו ויטהרם

If concerning flesh which was defiled through a derivative uncleanness, that we burn it together with flesh which was defiled through a father of uncleanness, [then] this is unclean and that is unclean. If concerning oil which was rendered unfit by a tebul yom, that it is lit in a lamp which was defiled by one unclean through a corpse, - one is unfit and the other is unclean.

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5

ומשני הא ר"ש ואליבא דר' יהושע הא ר' יוסי ואליבא דר' יהושע

So too do we admit in the case of terumah which was defiled through a derivative uncleanness, that we may burn it together with terumah which was defiled through a 'father' of uncleanness. But how can we burn even that which is doubtful together with that which is unclean: perhaps Elijah will come and declare it clean!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra p. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>

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6

דתניא י"ד שחל להיות בשבת מבערין את הכל מלפני השבת ושורפין תרומות טמאות תלויות וטהורות דברי ר' מאיר ר' יוסי אומר טהורה בפני עצמה ותלויה בפני עצמה וטמאה בפני עצמה

And he answered: one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Our MISHNAH:');"><sup>5</sup></span> agrees with R'Simeon, and in accordance with R'Joshua, while the other agrees with R'Jose, and in accordance with R'Joshua.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., R. Simeon and R. Jose differ on R. Joshua's opinion.');"><sup>6</sup></span>

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7

אמר ר"ש לא נחלקו ר' אליעזר ור' יהושע על הטהורה ועל הטמאה שאין שורפין על התלויה ועל הטהורה ששורפין על מה נחלקו על התלויה ועל הטמאה שר' אליעזר אומר תישרף זו בעצמה וזו בעצמה ור' יהושע אומר שתיהן כאחת

For it was taught: If the fourteenth falls on the Sabbath, everything [sc. leaven] must be removed before the Sabbath, and terumoth, unclean, doubtful, and clean are burnt [together]: this is R'Meir's view. R'Jose said: The clean [terumah must be burnt] separately, the

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8

והא מתניתין ר' יוסי היא הכי קאמר ר' יוסי לר' מאיר אפילו ר"ש ואליבא דר' יהושע דמיקל כי מיקל בתלויה וטמאה אבל בטהורה וטמאה לא

actually touches it, it defiles; hence one should regard the sherez as though completely filling it. doubtfu [terumah] separately, and the unclean separately.

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9

רבי יוסי בר' חנינא רמי תרומה אפיסחא ומשני מי אמר ר' יהושע שתיהן כאחת

Said R'Simeon: R'Eliezer and R'Joshua did not differ concerning clean and unclean, that they must not be burnt [together], and concerning doubtful [terumah] and clean [terumah] that they may be burnt [together]. Concerning what did they differ?

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10

ורמינהו חבית של תרומה שנולד בה ספק טומאה רבי אליעזר אומר אם היתה מונחת במקום התורפה יניחנה במקום המוצנע ואם היתה מגולה יכסנה רבי יהושע אומ' אם היתה מונח' במקום המוצנע יניחנה במקום התורפה ואם היתה מכוסה יגלנה

Concerning doubtful [terumah] and unclean [terumah], R'Eliezer maintaining: This must be burnt separately, and this separately; while R'Joshua ruled: Both of then, [may be burnt] together. But our Mishnah is according to R'Jose?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How then can it be said to represent the view of R. Simeon?');"><sup>7</sup></span>

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11

גרמא אין בידים לא ומשני הא רבי שמעון אליבא דר' יהושע הא ר' יוסי אליבא דר' יהושע

- R'Jose says thus to R'Meir: Even R'Simeon, who in stating R'Joshua's opinion is lenient, is lenien only in respect of doubtful [terumah] and unclean [terumah]. but not in the case of clean and unclean.

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12

ר' אלעזר רמי תרומה אתרומה ומשני מי אמר ר' יהושע גרמא אין בידים לא

R'Jose son of R'Hanina opposed terumah to Passover, and reconciled them. Did then R'Joshua say.

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13

ורמינהו חבית של תרומה שנשברה בגת העליונה ותחתיה חולין טמאין

Both together: But the following contradicts it: A cask of terumah wherein a doubt of uncleanness is born, R'Eliezer said: If lying in an exposed place, it must be laid in a hidden place; and if it was uncovered, it must be covered. R'Joshua said: If it is lying in a hidden place, one may lay it in an exposed place, and if it is covered, it may be uncovered.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra ');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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14

מודה ר' אליעזר (לר') יהושע שאם יכול להציל ממנה רביעית בטהרה יציל ואם לאו ר' אליעזר אומר תרד ותטמא ואל יטמאנה ביד

Thus only an indirect action [is permitted], but not [defiling] with [one's own] hands?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though it is doubtful.');"><sup>9</sup></span> - And he answered: one agrees with R'Simeon and according to R'Joshua's view, while the other agrees with R'Jose and according to R'Joshua's view.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who says, how can we burn even doubtful terumah together with unclean terumah? Thus he will certainly not permit more than indirect action.');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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15

ר' יהושע אומר יטמאנה ביד

R'Eleazar opposed two teachings of terumah and reconciled them. Did R'Joshua say, only an indirect action [is permitted], but not with [one's own] hands?

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16

ומשני שאני התם דאיכא הפסד חולין

But the following contradicts it: If a cask of [wine of clean] terumah is broken in the upper vat, while [in] the lower there is unclean hullin: R'Eliezer and R'Joshua agree that if a rebi'ith thereof can be saved i purity, one must save it. But if not, - R'Eliezer ruled: Let it descend and be defiled, yet let him not defile with [his own] hands; R'Joshua said: He may even defile it with his own hands? - And he answer ed: There it is different, because there is the loss of hullin.

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17

מתקיף לה רבא מתני' נמי איכא הפסד עצים א"ל אביי להפסד מרובה חששו להפסד מועט לא חששו

To this Raba demurred: In our Mishnah too there is the los of wood? - Said Abaye to him: They cared about a substantial loss, but not about a slight loss.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra ');"><sup>11</sup></span> And whence do you know that they cared about a substantial loss but not about a slight one?

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18

ומנא תימרא דלהפסד מרובה חששו ולהפסד מועט לא חששו דתניא חבית של שמן תרומה שנשברה בגת העליונה ובתחתונה חולין טמאין מודה ר' אליעזר לר' יהושע שאם יכול להציל ממנה רביעית בטהרה יציל ואם לאו תרד ותטמא ואל יטמאנה ביד

Because it was taught: If a cask of oil of [clean] terumah was broken in the upper vat, while in the lower is unclean hullin: R Eliezer concedes to R'Joshua that if a rebi'ith thereof can be saved in purity, one must save it. But if not, l it descend and be defiled, yet let him not defile it with [his own] hands.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' All agree on this, because the loss of hullin is only slight, since the defiled terumah can be used for lighting.');"><sup>12</sup></span>

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19

מ"ש שמן דראוי להדליק יין נמי ראוי לזילוף

Why is oil different: because it is fit for lighting? Then wine too is fit for sprinkling?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In a room, for its aroma. Hence here too there is only a slight loss.');"><sup>13</sup></span>

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20

וכ"ת זילוף לאו מילתא היא והאמר שמואל משום ר' חייא שותין מלוג בסלע ומזלפין מלוג בשתים בחדש

And should you answer, sprinkling is of no account, - surely, Samuel said in R'Hiyya's name: You drink [wine] at a sela' per log, whereas you sprinkle [with wine] at two sela's per log?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus it is even more important.');"><sup>14</sup></span> - It refers to new [wine].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which lacks aroma.');"><sup>15</sup></span>

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21

והא ראוי לישנו אתי ביה לידי תקלה שמן נמי אתי ביה לידי תקלה

But it is fit for ageing? - one will come to a stumbling-block through it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' While it is ageing he may forget that it is unclean and drink it.');"><sup>16</sup></span> Then oil too, one will come to a stumbling-block through it? - He pours it into a dirty<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'repulsive'.');"><sup>17</sup></span>

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22

דרמי ליה בכלי מאוס יין נמי רמי ליה בכלי מאוס לזילוף קא בעי ליה בכלי מאוס רמי ליה

vessel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that it will not be fit for drinking.');"><sup>18</sup></span> Wine too can be poured into a dirty vessel? - Seeing that it is required for sprinkling, will he pour it into a dirty vessel!

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23

ותקלה עצמה תנאי היא דתניא חבית של יין של תרומה שנטמאת ב"ש אומרים תשפך חבל ובית הלל אומרים תעשה זילוף

Now a stumbling-block itself is dependent on Tannaim.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., whether we fear it or not.');"><sup>19</sup></span> For it was taught: A cask of wine of terumah which was defiled, - Beth Shammai maintain: It must be poured out all at once; while Beth Hillel rule: It may be used for sprinkling.

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24

אמר רבי ישמעאל ברבי יוסי אני אכריע בשדה תשפך חבל בבית תעשה זילוף איכא דאמרי בחדש תשפך חבל בישן תעשה זילוף אמרו לו

R'Ishmael son of R'Jose said: I will make a compromise. [If it is] in the field, i must be poured out all at once;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because there is no sprinkling in the field, nor may he bring it home, lest it become a stumbling-block in the meanwhile.');"><sup>20</sup></span> in the house, it can be used for sprinkling. Others state: In the case of new [wine], it must be poured out all at once; in the case of old, it can be used for sprinkling. Said they to him:

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