Pesachim 80

Chapter 80

א מנקטא ליה אימיה בארבי:
1 his mother stored [grain] for him in a trough.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For use on the night of Passover. This this too was guarded from the beginning.');"><sup>1</sup></span> A certain ship of grain foundered in Hishta,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A canal in Babylonia. This happened before Passover.');"><sup>2</sup></span> [whereupon] Raba gave permission to sell [the grain]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which became leaven.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ב ההוא ארבא דחיטי דטבעא בחישתא שריא רבא לזבוני לנכרים
2 to Gentiles. Rabbah B'Lewai<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, the Levite.');"><sup>4</sup></span> raised an objection against Raba: [With regard to] a garment wherein kil'ayim<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ג איתיביה רבה בר ליואי לרבא בגד שאבד בו כלאים הרי זה לא ימכרנו לנכרי ולא יעשה בו מרדעת לחמור אבל עושין אותו תכריכין למת
3 is lost,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e. , a thread of the forbidden material was woven in the cloth, and its place is not known.');"><sup>6</sup></span> he must not sell it to a Gentile,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the latter may resell it to a Jew who will wear it in ignorance of the fact that it contains kil'ayim.');"><sup>7</sup></span> nor may he make a saddle-cloth for an ass;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lest he subsequently remove it and sew it into a garment.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ד לנכרי מאי טעמא לא לאו משום דהדר מזבין לישראל
4 but it may be made into shrouds for a corpse.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because it can henceforth not be used for any other purpose, since the raiment of the dead is forbidden for general use. On the other hand, the corpse is not subject to any of the laws of the Torah, v. Shab. 30a.');"><sup>9</sup></span> What is the reason [that it may] not [be sold] to a Gentile? Surely it is because he might resell it to an Israelite?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Then the same should apply here.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ה הדר אמר רבא לזבינהו קבא קבא לישראל כי היכי דכליא קמי פיסחא
5 Subsequently Raba said, Let them sell it to Israelites, a kab<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A measure of capacity one sixth of a se'ah.');"><sup>11</sup></span> at a time,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., not selling a large quantity to any single person.');"><sup>12</sup></span> so that it should be consumed before Passover.
ו תנו רבנן אין מוללין את הקדירה בפסח והרוצה שימלול נותן את הקמח ואח"כ נותן את החומץ ויש אומרים אף נותן את החומץ ואח"כ נותן את הקמח
6 Our Rabbis taught: One may not mash a dish on Passover;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., make a mash of flour and vinegar in the usual way, which is to put in the vinegar first and then add the flour. This is forbidden, because it easily ferments and becomes leaven.');"><sup>13</sup></span> and he who wishes to mash, must put in the flour and then add the vinegar.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The vinegar prevents fermenting.');"><sup>14</sup></span> But some say.
ז מאן י"א
7 He may even put in the vinegar [first] and then add the flour.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Although the vinegar becomes mixed with the rest of the dish when it is put in first, it can still prevent the fermenting of the flour.');"><sup>15</sup></span> Who is 'some say'? Said R'Hisda, It is R'Judah.
ח א"ר חסדא רבי יהודה היא דתנן האילפס והקדירה שהעבירן מרותחין לא יתן לתוכן תבלין אבל נותן לתוך הקערה או לתוך התמחוי רבי יהודה אומר לכל הוא נותן חוץ מדבר שיש בו חומץ וציר
8 For we learned: [In the case of] a stew pot or a boiling pot<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The first means a tightly covered pot.');"><sup>16</sup></span> which he removed seething [from the fire].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' At twilight on Friday.');"><sup>17</sup></span> he must not put spices therein,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After the Sabbath commences. The pot is a 'first vessel', i.e., it was used directly on the fire, and its');"><sup>18</sup></span>
ט ונוקמה כר' יוסי (דתנן) ר' יוסי אומר שורן בחומץ וחומץ צומתן
9 but he R'Han. reads: for the sake of unleavened bread - i.e., take care that no water falls on them and do not store them in a damp place.
י כי אשמעינן ליה לרבי יוסי הני מילי דאיתיה בעיניה אבל על ידי תערובת לא
10 may put [spices] into a dish or a tureen.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Containing a hot stew. The dish or the tureen is a 'second vessel', I.e., it was not used directly on the fire, and cannot make the spices boil.');"><sup>19</sup></span> R'Judah said: He may put [spices] into anything except what contains vinegar or brine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Being sharp. they cause them to boil, though the vinegar or brine is mixed with the rest of the dish. By causing them to boil they prevent fermentation, and the same applies here.');"><sup>20</sup></span> Yet let us establish it as R'Jose, for it was taught, Jose said: He can soak them in vinegar, and the vinegar binds them?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which prevents fermentation.');"><sup>21</sup></span>
יא עולא אמר אחד זה ואחד זה אסור משום לך לך אמרינן נזירא סחור סחור לכרמא לא תקרב
11 - We know R'Jose [to rule thus] only when it is by itself, but not when it is in a mixture.' Ulla said: Both the one and the other are forbidden,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whichever is put first. This was proverbial: a man must not venture into temptation, and a nazirite, who must not eat grapes,must not even go near a vineyard. Similarly, if a man is permitted to make the mash in one way, he will make it in the other way too. rdbuft hesruc');"><sup>22</sup></span> because, 'Go, go.
יב רב פפי שרי ליה לבורדיקי דבי ריש גלותא לממחה קדירה בחסיסי אמר רבא איכא דשרי כי האי מילתא בדוכתא דשכיחי עבדי א"ד רבא גופא מחי לה קידרא בחסיסי:
12 thou nazirite', say we, 'take the most devious route, but approach not the vineyard'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jast. s.v. conjectures that is a corruption of that word.');"><sup>23</sup></span> R'Papa permitted the stewards of the house of the Resh Galutha<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Exilarch, the official title of the head of Babylonian Jewry.');"><sup>24</sup></span> to mash a dish with parched grains.
יג <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> אין נותנין קמח לתוך חרוסת או לתוך החרדל ואם נתן יאכל מיד ורבי מאיר אוסר
13 Said Raba: Is there anyone who permits such a thing in a place where slaves are found?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As in the house of the Exilarch. They are very lax in any case, and such leniency will lead to even greater laxity.');"><sup>25</sup></span> Others say. Raba himself mashed a dish with parched grains.
יד אין מבשלין את הפסח לא במשקין ולא במי פירות אבל סכין ומטבילין אותו בהן
14 <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>FLOUR MAY NOT BE PUT INTO HAROSETH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A pap made of fruits and spices with wine or vinegar, used for sweetening the bitter herb on Passover night (Jast.) .');"><sup>26</sup></span> OR IN TO THE MUSTARD,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lest the flour become leaven.');"><sup>27</sup></span> AND IF HE DID PUT [IT], IT MUST BE EATEN IMMEDIATELY;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before it can ferment.');"><sup>28</sup></span>
טו מי תשמישו של נחתום ישפכו מפני שהן מחמיצין:
15 BUT R'MEIR FORBIDS [IT]. ONE MAY NOT BOIL THE PASSOVER SACRIFICE, NEITHER IN LIQUIDS NOR IN FRUIT JUICE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though Scripture only mentions water, v. Ex. XII, 9.');"><sup>29</sup></span> BUT ONE MAY BASTE AND DIP IT IN THEM.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e.,the flesh may be greased');"><sup>30</sup></span>
טז <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב כהנא מחלוקת לתוך החרדל אבל לתוך חרוסת דברי הכל ישרף מיד
16 THE WATER USED BY A BAKER MUST BE POURED OUT, BECAUSE IT PROMOTES FERMENTATION. contents, as long as they are seething, cause any condiments put therein to boil likewise. This of course is forbidden on the Sabbath.
יז ותניא נמי הכי אין נותנין קמח לתוך החרוסת ואם נתן ישרף מיד לתוך החרדל ר' מאיר אומר ישרף מיד וחכמים אומרים יאכל מיד אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהודה אמר רב נחמן אמר שמואל הלכה כדברי חכמים א"ל רב נחמן בר יצחק לרב הונא בריה דרב יהודה
17 <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>R'Kahana said: The controversy is [about putting flour] into mustard; but [if it was put] into haroseth, all agree that it must be burnt immediately. And it was taught likewise: Flour must not be put into haroseth, and if he did put [it], it must be burnt immediately. [If put] into mustard, - R'Meir said: It must be burnt immediately; but the Sages rule: It must be eaten immediately.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The greater strength of mustard retards fermentation, hence the controversy. But it ferments very quickly in haroseth.');"><sup>31</sup></span> R'Huna the son of Rab Judah said in R'Nahman's name in Samuel's name: The halachah is as the words of the Sages. Said R'Nahman B'Isaac to R'Huna the son of Rab Judah:
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