Shabbat 202

אלא במים קל הוא שהקילו חכמים במים ואמאי הא איכא בקיעת דגים אלא ש"מ בקיעת דגים לא שמה בקיעה:

in water, this being a leniency which the Rabbis permitted in connection with water. But why so: surely there is the passing through of fish? Hence infer from this that the passing through of fish is not designated passing through. IF SHIPS ARE TIED TOGETHER, etc. This is obvious? — Said Raba. This is necessary only to permit [carrying via] a small boat [lying] between them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The larger ships being fastened to the opposite sides of the boat, ');">¹</span>

ספינות קשורות כו': פשיטא אמר רבא לא נצרכה אלא להתיר ביצית שביניהן

Said R. Safra to him, By Moses!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, Scholar, great as Moses! ');">²</span> do you say right? We learnt, ONE MAY CARRY FROM ONE TO ANOTHER!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Not via a third. ');">³</span>

א"ל רב ספרא משה שפיר קאמרת מטלטלין מזו לזו תנן אלא אמר רב ספרא לא נצרכה אלא לערב ולטלטל מזו לזו וכדתניא ספינות קשורות זו בזו מערבין ומטלטלין מזו לזו נפסקו נאסרו חזרו ונקשרו בין שוגגין ובין מזידין בין אנוסין בין מוטעין חזרו להיתרן הראשון

— Rather said R. Safra. It is necessary only to [teach that one may] combine them<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By means of an 'erub (q.v. Glos.), if they belong to different owners. ');">⁴</span> and carry from one to another, and as it was taught: If ships are tied to each other, one may combine them and carry from one to another. If they are separated, they become prohibited. If they are rejoined. whether in ignorance<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Either of the fact that it is the Sabbath, or that this is interdicted on the Sabbath. ');">⁵</span>

וכן מחצלות הפרוסות (לר"ה) מערבין ומטלטלין מזו לזו נגללו נאסרו חזרו ונפרשו בין שוגגין בין מזידין בין אנוסין ובין מוטעין חזרו להיתרן הראשון שכל מחיצה שנעשה בשבת בין בשוגג בין במזיד שמה מחיצה

or wilfully. accidentally or erroneously,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' While engaged in fastening something else one tied the boats instead. ');">⁶</span> they revert to their original permitted condition. Likewise, if mats are spread [i.e.. hung up].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Forming tents, all belonging to separate owners. ');">⁷</span>

איני והאמר רב נחמן לא שנו אלא לזרוק אבל לטלטל אסור כי איתמר דרב נחמן אמזיד איתמר

one may combine them and carry from one to another. If they are rolled up, they become prohibited. If they are respread,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Sabbath. ');">⁸</span> whether in ignorance or wilfully, accidentally or erroneously, they revert to their original permitted condition. For every partition that is made on the Sabbath, whether ignorantly or wilfully. is designated a partition, But that is not so? For did not R. Nahman say: They learnt this only in respect of throwing,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The space enclosed by partitions erected on the Sabbath is private ground only in so far that throwing an object therein from public ground is a culpable offence. ');">⁹</span>

אמר שמואל ואפילו קשורות בחוט הסרבל היכי דמי אי דיכול להעמידן פשיטא אי דאין יכול להעמידן אמאי

yet it is forbidden to carry [therein]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By Rabbinical law. ');">¹⁰</span> — R. Nahman's [dictum] was stated in reference to wilful [erection].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In which case the Rabbis have imposed the interdict as penalty. ');">¹¹</span>

לעולם דיכול להעמידן ושמואל לאפוקי מדנפשי' קאתי דתנן קשרה בדבר המעמידה מביא לה טומאה בדבר שאין מעמידה אין מביא לה טומאה ואמר שמואל והוא שקשורה בשלשלת של ברזל

Samuel said: Even if they are tied by a cloak ribbon. How is that: if it can hold them together, it is obvious? If it cannot hold them together, why [does it suffice]? — In truth, it is one that can hold them together, but Samuel comes to discount his own [dictum]. For we learnt: If one ties it [a ship]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If it is a ship that can be defiled (v. supra 83b). ');">¹²</span> with something that holds it still, it brings defilement to it; with something that does not hold it still, it does not bring defilement to it. Whereon Samuel observed: Providing that it is fastened with iron chains.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: If a ship is moored by a chain to a wharf where a corpse is lying and touching the chain. Tosaf. explains the passage quite differently but with emendation of the text. ');">¹³</span>

לענין טומאה הוא דכתיב (במדבר יט, טז) בחלל חרב חרב הרי הוא כחלל אין אבל לענין שבת כיון דיכול להעמידה (היכר בעלמא הוא) אפילו בחוט הסרבל:

Now, it is only with respect to defilement where it is written, one that it slain with a sword,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XIX, 16. ');">¹⁴</span> [teaching.] the sword is like the slain,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e.. metal that touches a corpse has the same degree of uncleanness as the corpse itself (v. Pes. 14b). and therefore the chain defiles the ship. ');">¹⁵</span> that that [Samuel's dictum] is so. But with respect to the Sabbath, since it can hold it still, even [if it be] with the ribbon of a cloak, [it is sufficient].