Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Shabbat 240

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1

הוא דאמר כר' שמעון בן ננס

— He rules as R. Simeon b. Nannos.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Just as the fire may be arrested by a goatskin, so may it be arrested by water, seeing that it is not poured directly on the flame. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>

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2

אימר דאמר רבי שמעון בן ננס מפני שהוא מחרך גרם כיבוי מי אמר אין מדקתני סיפא רבי יוסי אוסר בכלי חרס חדשים מלאים מים שאינן יכולים לקבל את האור והן מתבקעין ומכבין את הדליקה מכלל דתנא קמא שרי

Yet perhaps R. Simeon b. Nannos said [merely], BECAUSE HE SINGES: but did he rule [thus] of indirect extinguishing?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such as water. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>

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3

ת"ר נר שעל גבי טבלא מנער את הטבלא והיא נופלת ואם כבתה כבתה אמרי דבי רבי ינאי לא שנו אלא בשוכח אבל במניח נעשה בסיס לדבר האסור

— Yet, since the final clause teaches, R. JOSE FORBIDS IN THE CASE OF NEW EARTHEN VESSELS FILLED WITH WATER, BECAUSE SINCE THEY CANNOT STAND THE HEAT THEY WILL BURST AND EXTINGUISH THE FIRE, it follows that the first Tanna permits it.

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4

תנא נר שאחורי הדלת פותח ונועל כדרכו ואם כבתה כבתה לייט עלה רב אמר ליה רבינא לרב אחא בריה דרבא ואמרי לה רב אחא בריה דרבא לרב אשי מאי טעמא לייט עלה רב אילימא משום דרב סבר לה כרבי יהודה ותנא קתני לה כר' שמעון משום דרב סבר לה כר' יהודה כל דתני כר' שמעון מילט לייט ליה

Our Rabbis taught: If a lamp is on a board, one may shake [tip up] the board and it [the lamp] falls off, and if it is extinguished, it is extinguished. The School of R. Jannai said: They learnt this only if one forgot [it there]; but if he placed [it there], it [the board] became a stand for a forbidden article.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the lamp, which may not be handled on the Sabbath, and then the same applies to the board too; cf. supra 117a and note a.l. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>

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5

אמר ליה בהא אפילו ר' שמעון מודה דהא אביי ורבא דאמרי תרוייהו מודה רבי שמעון בפסיק רישיה ולא ימות

A Tanna taught: If a lamp is behind a door, one may open and close [it] naturally, and if it is extinguished<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By the draught. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>

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6

אמר רב יהודה פותח אדם דלת כנגד מדורה בשבת לייט עלה אביי במאי עסקינן אילימא ברוח מצויה מאי טעמיה דמאן דאסר אי ברוח שאינה מצויה מאי טעמא דמאן דשרי לעולם ברוח מצוייה מר סבר גזרינן ומר סבר לא גזרינן:

it is extinguished. Rab cursed this [ruling]. Said Rabina to R. Aha the son of Raba — others state, R. Aha the son of Raba to R. Ashi — why did Rab curse this? Shall we say because Rab holds with R. Judah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That even an unintentional action is forbidden. ');"><sup>5</sup></span>

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7

עושין מחיצה כו': למימרא דרבנן סברי גרם כבוי מותר ור' יוסי סבר גרם כבוי אסור והא איפכא שמעינן להו דתניא עושין מחיצה בכלים ריקנין ובמלאין שאין דרכן להשתבר ואלו מלאין שאין דרכן להשתבר כלי מתכות רבי יוסי אומר אף כלי כפר שיחין וכלי כפר חנניה אין דרכן להשתבר וכי תימא איפוך מתני' ורבי יוסי דברייתא לדבריהם קאמר ומי מצית אפכת לה והאמר רבה בר תחליפא משמיה דרב מאן תנא גרם כבוי אסור ר' יוסי

whereas the Tanna teaches as R. Simeon? Because Rab holds with R. Judah, if one teaches as R. Simeon, shall he curse him! — Here, he replied, even R. Simeon agrees, for Abaye and Raba both said: R. Simeon agrees in a case of 'cut off his head and let him not die.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 357, n. 8. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>

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8

אלא לעולם לא תיפוך וברייתא כולה ר' יוסי היא וחסורי מחסרא והכי קתני עושין מחיצה בכלים ריקנין ובמלאים שאין דרכן להשתבר ואלו הן כלים שאין דרכן להשתבר כלי מתכות וכלי כפר שיחין וכלי כפר חנניה נמי אין דרכן להשתבר שר' יוסי אומר אף כלי כפר שיחין וכלי כפר חנניה אין דרכן להשתבר

Rab Judah said: One may open a door opposite a fire on the Sabbath.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Medurah is a fire for heating, e.g., in the fire place, and the door is opened for the draught to fan it. ');"><sup>7</sup></span>

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9

ורמי דרבנן אדרבנן ורמי דרבי יוסי אדרבי יוסי דתניא הרי שהיה שם כתוב לו על בשרו הרי זה לא ירחוץ ולא יסוך ולא יעמוד במקום הטינופת נזדמנה לו טבילה של מצוה כורך עליה גמי ויורד וטובל רבי יוסי אומר לעולם יורד וטובל כדרכו ובלבד שלא ישפשף

Abaye cursed this. What are the circumstances? If there is a normal wind [blowing], what is the reason of the one who forbids?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is generally insufficient to fan it into a blaze, hence it is not a case of 'cut off his head' etc. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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10

שאני התם דאמר קרא (דברים יב, ג) ואבדתם את שמם מן המקום ההוא לא תעשון כן לה' אלהיכם עשייה הוא דאסור גרמא שרי

— If there is an abnormal wind, what is the reason of the one who permits?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It will certainly make it burn up. ');"><sup>9</sup></span>

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11

אי הכי הכא נמי כתיב (שמות כ, ג) לא תעשה [כל] מלאכה עשייה הוא דאסור גרמא שרי מתוך שאדם בהול על ממונו אי שרית ליה אתי לכבויי

— In truth, it refers to a normal wind: one Master holds, we prohibit preventively;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because if that is permitted, one will think that the door may be opened even if an abnormal wind is blowing. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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12

אי הכי קשיא דרבנן אדרבנן ומה התם דאדם בהול על ממונו שרי הכא לא כל שכן

whilst the other Master holds, We do not prohibit preventively.

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13

ותסברא האי גמי היכי דמי אי דמיהדק קא הוי חציצה אי לא מיהדק עיילי ביה מיא חציצה תיפוק ליה משום דיו בלחה דתניא הדם והדיו הדבש והחלב יבשין חוצצין לחים אין חוצצין מכל מקום קשיא

ONE MAY MAKE A BARRIER, etc. Shall we say that the Rabbis hold, Indirect extinguishing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'a cause of extinguishing'. ');"><sup>11</sup></span>

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14

אלא אמר רבא בר רב שילא היינו טעמייהו דרבנן דקסברי אסור לעמוד בפני השם ערום מכלל דר"י סבר מותר לעמוד בפני השם ערום דמנח ידיה עילויה

is permitted, while R. Jose holds that it is forbidden? But we know them [to maintain] the reverse. For it was taught: One may make a barrier of empty vessels and of full vessels which are not liable to burst; metal vessels. R. Jose said: The vessels of Kefar Shihin and Kefar Hananiah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Kefar means a village or country town. The former was probably near Shihin in the vicinity of Sepphoris; the latter was a town in Galilee. The earthen vessels made there were fire proof. ');"><sup>12</sup></span>

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15

לרבנן נמי דמנח ידיה עילויה זימנין דמשתלי ושקיל ליה לר' יוסי נמי זימנין דמשתלי ושקיל ליה אלא אי דאיכא גמי ה"נ הב"ע לאהדורי אגמי רבנן סברי

too are not likely to burst!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This shows that he too permits only such. The Baraitha is thus not actually the reverse of the Mishnah, but generally speaking we see that R. Jose is more lenient in the former, whereas in the Mishnah he is more stringent (Tosaf.). ');"><sup>13</sup></span> And should you answer, Reverse our Mishnah while R. Jose of the Baraitha argues on the view of the Rabbis;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus R. Jose himself holds that even if they are likely to burst they are permitted, but he argues that even on the more stringent view of the Rabbis the vessels of Kefar Shihin etc. should be permitted too. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> [it may be asked], But can you reverse them? Surely Rabbah b. Tahlifa said in Rab's name: 'Which Tanna holds that indirect extinguishing is forbidden? R. Jose'! Hence in truth you must not reverse it, the whole of the Baraitha being [the view] of R. Jose but there is a lacuna, and it was thus taught: One may make a barrier with empty vessels and with full vessels that are not likely to burst, and these are the vessels which are not likely to burst: metal vessels, and the vessels of Kefar Shihin and Kefar Hananiah too are not likely to burst. For R. Jose maintains: The vessels of Kefar Shihin and Kefar Hananiah too are not likely to burst. Now, the Rabbis are self-contradictory and R. Jose is selfcontradictory. For it was taught: If one has the [Divine] Name written on his skin, he must not bathe nor anoint [himself] nor stand in an unclean place. If he must perform an obligatory tebillah, he must wind a reed<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As assumed at present in order to prevent effacement of the Name. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> about it and descend and perform tebillah. R. Jose said: He may at all times descend and perform tebillah in the ordinary way, provided that he does not rub [it]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Intentionally with his hands. — Thus the Rabbis forbid even an indirect action, whereas R. Jose forbids only a direct action. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> — There it is different, because Scripture saith, And ye shall destroy their name out of that place. Ye shall not do so unto the Lord your God:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XII, 3f. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> only [direct] action is forbidden, but indirect action is permitted. If so, here too it is written, thou shalt not do any work:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XX, 9. ');"><sup>18</sup></span> only [direct] action is forbidden, but indirect action is permitted? — Since a man is excited over his property if you permit him [indirect action], he may come to extinguish it. If so, the Rabbis are self-contradictory: if there, though a man is excited over his property, it is permitted, how much more so here? — Now, is that logical:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the need of a reed according to the Rabbis is to prevent effacement. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> this reed, how is it meant? If it is wound tightly, it is an interposition;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Between the water and the flesh, which invalidates tebillah. ');"><sup>20</sup></span> [while] if it is not wound tightly the water enters. ([You speak of] 'an interposition' that follows from the ink?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With which the Name is written. This interrupts the thread of argument: if you object to the reed because it is an interposition, what of the ink itself? ');"><sup>21</sup></span> — The reference is to wet [ink for it was taught: Blood, ink, honey, and milk, if dry [on the skin] constitute an interposition; if moist, they do not constitute an interposition.) Yet still there is the difficulty?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' About the reed. Why do the Rabbis insist on a reed? — This difficulty is raised to show that the Rabbis' view has nothing to do with the question whether indirect action is permitted or not. ');"><sup>22</sup></span> — Rather said Raba b. Shila, This is the reason of the Rabbis: because they hold one must not stand nude in the presence of the Divine Name. Hence it follows that R. Jose holds that one may stand nude in the presence of the Divine Name?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely not, ');"><sup>23</sup></span> — He places his hand upon it. Then according to the Rabbis too, let him place his hand upon it? He may chance to forget and remove it. Then according to R. Jose too, he may forget and remove it? — Rather [reply thus]. If a reed is available that is indeed so.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' All agree that it must be used — even R. Jose, the reason being that one may not stand nude in the presence of the Name. ');"><sup>24</sup></span> The discussion is about going to seek a reed:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., whether one must postpone the tebillah until he obtains it. ');"><sup>25</sup></span> the Rabbis hold,

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