Shabbat 281

דאית לה רירי

which drops saliva.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the cow will eat after the ass. ');">¹</span>

והא דקתני נוטלין מלפני בהמה שפיה רע בחמור דלא דייק ואכיל ונותנין לפני בהמה שפיה יפה בפרה דדייקא ואכלה:

And when it is taught, 'One may take [fodder] from before an animal that is not fastidious', it refers to an ass, which is not particular about what it eats;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It eats fodder even when it contains thorns and thistles. ');">²</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> הקש שעל גבי המטה לא ינענענו בידו אלא מנענעו בגופו ואם היה מאכל בהמה או שהיה עליו כר או סדין מנענעו בידו

'and put [it] before an animal that is fastidious,' to a cow, which is particular about what it eats.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Spurning thorns and thistles. ');">³</span>

מכבש של בעלי בתים מתירין אבל לא כובשין ושל כובסין לא יגע בו ר' יהודה אומר אם היה מותר מע"ש מתיר את כולו ושומטו:

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. ONE MUST NOT MOVE STRAW [LYING] UPON A BED WITH HIS HAND, YET HE MAY MOVE IT WITH HIS BODY. BUT IF IT IS FODDER FOR ANIMALS, OR A PILLOW OR A SHEET WAS UPON IT BEFORE NIGHTFALL, HE MAY MOVE IT WITH HIS HAND.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 50a for notes. ');">⁴</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב נחמן האי פוגלא מלמעלה למטה שרי מלמטה למעלה אסיר

ONE MAY UNDO A HOUSEHOLDER'S CLOTHES PRESS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The two boards of the press fitted on to four perforated rods: the upper board was pressed down and pegs were inserted in the holes to keep it there. The press may be undone by withdrawing these pegs, because the clothes are required for the Sabbath. ');">⁵</span>

אמר רב אדא בר אבא אמרי בי רב תנינא דלא כרב נחמן הקש שע"ג המטה לא ינענעו בידו אבל מנענעו בגופו ואם היה מאכל בהמה או שהיה עליו כר או סדין מנענעו בידו ש"מ טלטול מן הצד לא שמיה טלטול ש"מ

BUT NOT FORCE IT DOWN.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As the clothes will be wanted during the week, but not on the Sabbath. ');">⁶</span>

אמר רב יהודה הני פלפלי מידק חדא חדא בקתא דסכינא שרי תרתי אסיר רבא אמר כיון דמשני אפילו טובא נמי

BUT A LAUNDERER'S [PRESS] MAY NOT BE TOUCHED.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This was screwed down very tightly, and undoing it would resemble taking a utensil to pieces. ');">⁷</span>

אמר רב יהודה מאן דסחי במיא לינגיב נפשיה ברישא והדר ליסליק דילמא אתי לאתויי ד' אמות בכרמלית

R. JUDAH SAID: IF IT WAS UNDONE BEFORE THE SABBATH, ONE MAY UNFASTEN THE WHOLE AND REMOVE IT.

אי הכי כי קא נחית נמי קא דחי כחו ד' אמות ואסיר כחו בכרמלית לא גזרו

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. R. Nahman said: A radish, if it is the right way up, it is permitted; if it is reversed, it is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 123a for notes. ');">⁸</span>

אמר אביי ואיתימא רב יהודה טיט שע"ג רגלו מקנחו בקרקע ואין מקנחו בכותל

R. Adda b. Abba said, The scholars<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Be rab may mean either the academy founded by Rab, or scholars in general, v. Weiss, Dor, III, 158. ');">⁹</span>

אמר רבא מ"ט בכותל לא משום דמיחזי כבונה הא בנין חקלאה הוא

said, We learnt [a Mishnah] in disagreement with R. Nahman: ONE MUST NOT MOVE STRAW [LYING] UPON A BED WITH HIS HAND, YET HE MAY MOVE IT WITH HIS BODY. BUT IF IT IS FODDER FOR ANIMALS, OR A PILLOW ON A SHEET WAS UPON IT BEFORE NIGHTFALL, HE MAY MOVE IT WITH HIS HAND: this proves, indirect<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from the side'. ');">¹⁰</span>

אלא אמר רבא מקנחו בכותל ואין מקנחו בקרקע דילמא אתי לאשוויי גומות

handling is not designated handling;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra 43b, p 201, n. 1, ');">¹¹</span>

איתמר מר בריה דרבינא אמר אחד זה ואחד זה אסור רב פפא אמר אחד זה ואחד זה מותר

this proves it.

למר בריה דרבינא במאי מקנחי ליה מקנחי ליה בקורה

Rab Judah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Asheri in Bez. I, 21 reads: R. Huna. ');">¹²</span>

אמר רבא לא ליתיב איניש אפומיה דליחייא דילמא מיגנדרא ליה חפץ ואתי לאתויי

said: To crush peppergrains one by one with a knife-handle is permitted; in twos, it is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because then it looks like grinding. ');">¹³</span>

ואמר רבא לא ליצדד איניש כובא דילמא אתי לאשוויי גומות

Raba said: Since he does it in a different way,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' From usual, which is in a mill or a mortar. ');">¹⁴</span>

ואמר רבא לא ליהדוק איניש אודרא בפומא דשישא דילמא אתי לידי סחיטה

crushing even many [is permitted] too.

אמר רב כהנא טיט שע"ג בגדו מכסכסו מבפנים ואין מכסכסו מבחוץ

Rab Judah also said: If one bathes in water, he should first dry himself<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the part of his body that is not in the water. ');">¹⁵</span>

מיתיבי טיט שע"ג מנעלו מגררו בגב סכין ושעל בגדו מגררו בצפורן ובלבד שלא יכסכס מאי לאו שלא יכסכס כלל לא שלא יכסכס מבחוץ אלא מבפנים

and then ascend, lest he come to carry<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The water upon him. ');">¹⁶</span>

א"ר אבהו א"ר אלעזר אמר ר' ינאי מגררין מנעל חדש אבל לא ישן

four cubits in a <i>karmelith</i>.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">¹⁷</span> If so, when he enters<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'goes down'. ');">¹⁸</span> too, his force propels the water four cubits,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His weight makes the water spurt that distance. ');">¹⁹</span> which is forbidden? — They did not prohibit one's force in a <i>karmelith</i>. Abaye — others state, Rab Judah — said: One may scrape off the clay from his foot on to the ground, but not on to a wall. Said Raba, Why not on to a wall? because It looks like building?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the addition of clay to the wall. ');">²⁰</span> but it is ignorant building?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'a field labourer'. I.e., surely none but the ignorant would think of building in such a manner. ');">²¹</span> Rather said Raba: He may scrape it off on to a wall but not on to the ground, lest he come to level holes. It was stated, Mar son of Rabina said: Both are forbidden; R. Papa said: Both are permitted. According to Mar son of Rabina, whereon shall he scrape it? He scrapes it on a plank.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lying on the ground. ');">²²</span> Raba said: A man should not sit on the top of a stake,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' At the entrance to an alley. whereby carrying therein is permitted; v. p. 30, n. 2. ');">²³</span> lest an article roll away from him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Without the entrance, where it is public ground. ');">²⁴</span> and he come to fetch it. Raba also said: One must not bend sideways a cask [which is standing] on the ground,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Text as emended by BaH. ');">²⁵</span> lest he come to level hollows. Raba also said: One must not squeeze a cloth stopper into the mouth of a jug, lest he come to wring [it] out. R. Kahana said: As for the clay [mire] on one's garment, he may rub off from the inside but not from the outside.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the latter case he looks as though he desires to wash the garment, though it is not actual washing. ');">²⁶</span> An objection is raised: One may scrape off the clay from his shoes with the back of a knife, and that which is on one's garment he may scrape off with [even]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So Wilna Gaon. ');">²⁷</span> his finger nail, providing that he does not rub it. Surely that means that he must not rub it at all? — No: he must not rub it from the outside but only from the inside. R. Abbahu said in R. Eleazar's name in R. Jannai's name: A new shoe may be scraped, but not an old one.