Shabbat 307:1
רב זביד מתני הכי אמר רמי בר חמא המחמר אחר בהמה בשבת בשוגג אינו חייב חטאת במזיד חייב סקילה
R. Zebid recited it thus: Rami b. Hama said: If one leads a laden ass on the Sabbath: if unwittingly, he does not incur a sin-offering: if deliberately, he is liable to stoning. Raba objected: He who desecrates the Sabbath by an offence for which, if unwitting, a sin-offering is incurred, if deliberate he is liable to stoning. Hence if one does not incur a sin-offering when it is unwitting, there is no stoning when it is deliberate? — Does he [the Tanna] then teach, 'Hence if one does not incur a sin-offering,' etc.? [Surely] he says thus: [Every] offence for which, if unwitting, one is liable to a sin-offering, if deliberate he is liable to stoning. Yet there is an offence for which, if unwitting, a sin-offering is not incurred, nevertheless if deliberate one is liable to stoning. And what is it? Leading a laden ass.
מתיב רבא המחלל את השבת בדבר שחייבין על שגגתו חטאת חייבין על זדונו סקילה הא אין חייבין על שגגתו חטאת אין חייבין על זדונו סקילה
Raba, the brother of R. Mari b. Rachel, others state, the father of R. Mari b. Rachel — (on the second version there is the difficulty that Rab declared R. Mari b. Rachel eligible [to hold office] and appointed him one of the collectors of Babylonia?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Yeb., Sonc. ed., p. 297 and notes. Such positions were only open to men of Jewish parentage, yet Rab declared him eligible because It was sufficient that his mother was a Jewess. That contradicts the present statement that his father too was a Jew. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>
מי קתני הא אין חייבין כו' הכי קאמר דבר שחייבין על שגגתו חטאת חייבין על זדונו סקילה ויש דבר שאין חייבין על שגגתו חטאת וחייבין על זדונו סקילה ומאי ניהו מחמר
— perhaps there were two men of the name of Mari b. Rachel)<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' BaH deletes the bracketed passage, and the same appears from Rashi and Tosaf. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
רבא אחוה דרב מרי בר רחל ואמרי לה אבוה דרב מרי בר רחל ללישנא בתרא קשיא הא דרב אכשריה לרב מרי בר רחל ומנייה בפורסיה דבבל דילמא תרי מרי בר רחל הוו
recited this discussion in R. Johanan's name, teaching non-culpability. [Thus:] R. Johanan said: If one drives a laden animal on the Sabbath he is not culpable at all. If it is unwitting he does not incur a sin-offering, because the whole Torah is assimilated to idolatry. If deliberate he is not culpable, because we learnt: He who desecrates the Sabbath [is stoned], provided that it is an offence for which a sin-offering is incurred if it is unwitting and stoning if it is deliberate:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is the reading in cur. edd., and must be retained if the introductory phrase, 'we learnt', which always precedes a Mishnah, is correct, the Mishnah being that on Sanh. 66a (quoted supra 153b bottom). BaH however emends the text thus: if it is an offence for which a sin-offering is incurred if unwitting, stoning is incurred when deliberate. This suits the context better, this being the Baraitha quoted by Raba supra. But in that case the introductory phrase must be emended to 'it was taught'. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>
הוה מתני לה להא שמעתיה משמיה דרבי יוחנן לפטור אמר רבי יוחנן המחמר אחר בהמתו בשבת פטור מכלום
hence if the unwitting offence does not involve a sin-offering, the deliberate offence does not involve stoning. Neither is he liable for [the violation of] a negative precept,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The penalty for which is flagellation. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
בשוגג לא מחייב חטאת דהוקשה כל התורה כולה לע"ז במזיד נמי לא מיחייב דתנן המחלל את השבת בדבר שחייבין על שגגתו חטאת ועל זדונו סקילה הא אין חייבין על שגגתו חטאת אין חייבין על זדונו סקילה
because it is a negative precept for which a warning of capital punishment at the hands of <i>Beth din</i> may be given, and for such there is no flagellation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the offender could be formally warned against driving a laden ass on the grounds that it is punishable by death; in such a case there is no flagellation even if the death penalty is not imposed. ');"><sup>5</sup></span>