Shabbat 311:1

רבי יוסי בר' יהודה היא והנ"מ הוא דמשני היכי משני א"ר חסדא על יד על יד ושוין שבוחשין את השתית בשבת ושותים זיתום המצרי

It is R. Jose son of R. Judah. But that is only if one does it in an unusual manner. How does one do it in an unusual manner? Said R. Hisda: Little by little.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'by hand, by hand'. ');">¹</span> Yet they agree that shatith<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A drink prepared of flour and honey. ');">²</span> may be stirred round on the Sabbath, and Egyptian beer may be drunk.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though sometimes taken for medicinal purposes it is also imbibed as an ordinary beverage, and hence permitted; cf. supra 109b. ');">³</span>

והאמרת אין גובלין ל"ק הא בעבה הא ברכה והני מילי הוא דמשני

But you said that we must not mix?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Stirring shatith is the same. ');">⁴</span> — There is no difficulty: the one treats of a thick mass;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such as a dough that is forbidden. ');">⁵</span> the other of a loose [one].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such as shatith. ');">⁶</span>

היכי משני אמר רב יוסף בחול נותן את החומץ ואח"כ נותן את השתית בשבת נותן את השתית ואח"כ נותן את החומץ לוי בריה דרב הונא בר חייא אשכחיה לגבלא דבי נשיה דקא גביל וספי ליה לתוריה בטש ביה אתא אבוה אשכחיה א"ל הכי אמר אבוה דאמך משמיה דרב ומנו רבי ירמיה בר אבא גובלין ולא מספין ודלא לקיט בלישניה מהלקיטין ליה וה"מ הוא דמשני

And that is only if he does it in an unusual manner. How does one do it in an unusual manner? — Said R. Joseph: During the week the vinegar is [first] poured in and then the shatith, whereas on the Sabbath the shatith is [first] poured in and then the vinegar. Levi son of R. Huna b. Hiyya found [on Sabbath] the mixer of his father's household<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It was his duty to mix the fodder for his father's cattle. ');">⁷</span> mashing [up bran] and feeding the oxen. Thereupon he rebuked him — Then his father came and found him [there]. Said he to him. Thus did your maternal grandfather, viz., R. Jeremiah b. Abba, say in Rab's name: One may mash [bran] but not force it [on the animal]; and if it [the animal] cannot take it [the fodder] up with its tongue one may feed it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., food may be put into the mouth of a young calf. ');">⁸</span>

היכי משני אמר רב יימר בר שלמיא משמיה דאביי שתי וערב והא לא מערב שפיר אמר רב יהודה מנערו לכלי

provided, however, that it is done in an unusual manner. How does one do it in an unusual manner? — Said R. Yemar b. Shalmia in Rab's name: [By stirring it] crosswise.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Instead of round and round. ');">⁹</span> But he cannot mix it well [then]? — Said Rab Judah: He shakes up the vessel [itself]. It was recorded in Ze'iri's notebook: I asked my teacher, viz., R. Hiyya. What about kneading?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, mashing — bran. ');">¹⁰</span>

כתיב אפינקסיה דזעירי אמרית קדם רבי ומנו רבי חייא מהו לגבל אמר אסור מהו לפרק אמר מותר אמר רב [מנשיא] חד קמי חד תרי קמי תרי שפיר דמי תלתא קמי תרי אסור רב יוסף אמר קב ואפילו קביים עולא אמר כור ואפילו כוריים

It is forbidden, replied he. What about emptying?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A mash from one vessel into another, in order to mix it (Tosaf.). Rashi: from the vessel standing in front of one animal and pouring it out for another animal. ');">¹¹</span> It is permitted, he answered. R. Menassia said: It is well [to place] one [measure of food] for one animal, and two for two; but [to place] three [measures] for two [animals] is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One may set its usual quantity of food before an animal on the Sabbath, — i.e., as much as it generally consumes; similarly, a double quantity for two, if they both feed out of the same manger. But one may not set a treble quantity for two animals, since they do not eat so much during the week. ');">¹²</span>

כתיב אפינקסיה דלוי אמרית קדם רבי ומנו רבינו הקדוש על דהוו גבלין שתיתא בבבל והוה צוח רבי ומנו רבינו הקדוש על דהוו גבלין שתיתא ולית דשמיע ליה ולית חילא בידיה למיסר מדרבי יוסי בר' יהודה

R. Jose said: A <i>kab</i> and even two <i>kabs</i> [may be set]. 'Ulla said: A <i>kor</i> and even two <i>kor</i>.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' There is no limit. ');">¹³</span> It was recorded in Levi's notebook: I spoke to my teacher, viz., our holy Master,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Judah the prince. ');">¹⁴</span> about those who mix shatitha in Babylonia, and my teacher, viz., our holy Master, protested [vociferously] against the practice of mixing shatitha, but none heeded him, and he lacked the power to forbid it, on account of R. Jose b. Judah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who permits it supra. ');">¹⁵</span>

כתיב אפינקסיה דרבי יהושע בן לוי האי מאן דבחד בשבא יהי גבר ולא חדא ביה

It was recorded in R. Joshua b. Levi's notebook: He who [is born] on the first day of the week [Sunday] shall be a man without one [thing] in him — What does 'without one [thing] in him' mean? Shall we say, without one virtue?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'one (thing) in (his) favour'. ');">¹⁶</span> Surely R. Ashi said: I was born on the first day of the week! Hence it must surely mean, one vice. But Surely R. Ashi said: I and Dimi b. Kakuzta were born on the first day of the week: I am a king<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the head of the academy. ');">¹⁷</span> and he is the captain of thieves!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' An anticipation of gangsterdom? ');">¹⁸</span>

מאי [ולא חדא ביה] אילימא ולא חד לטיבו והאמר רב אשי אנא בחד בשבא הואי אלא לאו חדא לבישו והאמר רב אשי אנא ודימי בר קקוזתא הוויין בחד בשבא אנא מלך והוא הוה ריש גנבי אלא אי כולי לטיבו אי כולי לבישו (מאי טעמא דאיברו ביה אור וחושך)

— Rather it means either completely virtuous or completely wicked.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he shall be a man complete in his mode of life, without any opposing principle within him. ');">¹⁹</span> [What is the reason? Because light and darkness were created on that day.]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence his nature shall be the one or the other. — Rashal, for some reason which is not clear, deletes the bracketed passage. ');">²⁰</span> He who is born on the second day of the week will be bad-tempered — What is the reason? Because the waters were divided thereon.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Division or disunity is caused by bad temper. — Rashi: so will he be estranged from other people (through his temper). ');">²¹</span>

האי מאן דבתרי בשבא יהי גבר רגזן מ"ט משום דאיפליגו ביה מיא האי מאן דבתלתא בשבא יהי גבר עתיר וזנאי יהא מ"ט משום דאיברו ביה עשבים האי מאן דבארבעה בשבא יהי גבר חכים) ונהיר מ"ט משום דאיתלו ביה מאורות

He who is born on the third day of the week will be wealthy and unchaste. What is the reason? Because herbs were created thereon.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Herbs multiply very rapidly and also continually intermingle with other herbs. ');">²²</span> He who is born on the fourth day of the week will be wise and of a retentive memory.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Aruk. Rashi: bright, lustrous. ');">²³</span> What is the reason? Because the luminaries were suspended [thereon] — He who is born on the fifth day of the week will practise benevolence. What is the reason? Because the fishes and birds were created thereon.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which are fed by God's lovingkindness. ');">²⁴</span>

האי מאן דבחמשה בשבא יהי גבר גומל חסדים מ"ט משום דאיברו ביה דגים ועופות האי מאן דבמעלי שבתא יהי גבר חזרן אמר ר"נ בר יצחק חזרן במצות האי מאן דבשבתא יהי בשבתא ימות על דאחילו עלוהי יומא רבא דשבתא אמר רבא בר רב שילא וקדישא רבא יתקרי

He who is born on the eve of the Sabbath will be a seeker. R. Nahman b. Isaac commented: A seeker after good deeds.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Just as on the eve of the Sabbath one seeks to complete the details necessary for the proper observance of the Sabbath. ');">²⁵</span> He who is born on the Sabbath will die on the Sabbath, because the great day of the Sabbath was desecrated on his account. Raba son of R. Shila observed: And he shall be called a great and holy man.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Maharsha: Not all born on the Sabbath die on the Sabbath, but only those who are very holy. ');">²⁶</span> R. Hanina said to then, [his disciples]: Go out and tell the son of Levi, Not the constellation of the day but that of the hour is the determining influence. He who is born under the constellation of the sun<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., when the sun, as one of the planets, wields its influence on man. ');">²⁷</span>

אמר להו רבי חנינא פוקו אמרו ליה לבר ליואי לא מזל יום גורם אלא מזל שעה גורם האי מאן דבחמה יהי גבר זיותן יהי אכיל מדיליה ושתי מדיליה ורזוהי גליין אם גניב לא מצלח האי מאן דבכוכב נוגה יהי גבר עתיר וזנאי יהי מ"ט משום דאיתיליד ביה נורא האי מאן דבכוכב יהי גבר נהיר וחכים משום דספרא דחמה הוא האי מאן דבלבנה יהי גבר סביל מרעין בנאי וסתיר סתיר ובנאי אכיל דלא דיליה ושתי דלא דיליה ורזוהי כסיין אם גנב מצלח האי מאן דבשבתאי יהי גבר מחשבתיה בטלין ואית דאמרי כל דמחשבין עליה בטלין האי מאן דבצדק יהי גבר צדקן אמר ר"נ בר יצחק וצדקן במצות האי מאן דבמאדים יהי גבר אשיד דמא א"ר אשי אי אומנא אי גנבא אי טבחא אי מוהלא אמר רבה אנא במאדים הואי אמר אביי מר נמי עניש וקטיל

will be a distinguished<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or: bright, handsome. ');">²⁸</span> man: he will eat and drink of his own and his secrets will lie uncovered; if a thief, he will have no success. He who is born under Venus will be wealthy and unchaste [immoral]. What is the reason? Because fire was created therein.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' During the hours ruled over by Mercury. ');">²⁹</span> He who is born under Mercury will be of a retentive memory and wise. What is the reason? Because it [Mercury] is the sun's scribe. He who is born under the Moon will be a man to suffer evil, building and demolishing, demolishing and building. eating and drinking that which is not his and his secrets will remain hidden: if a thief, he will be successful.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Just like the moon, which waxes and wanes, has no light of its own but merely reflects the sun's light, and is in general dark. ');">³⁰</span>

איתמר רבי חנינא אומר מזל מחכים מזל מעשיר ויש מזל לישראל רבי יוחנן אמר אין מזל לישראל ואזדא רבי יוחנן לטעמיה דא"ר יוחנן מניין שאין מזל לישראל שנאמר (ירמיהו י, ב) כה אמר ה' אל דרך הגוים אל תלמדו ומאותות השמים אל תחתו כי יחתו הגוים מהמה הם יחתו ולא ישראל

He who is born under Saturn will be a man whose plans will be frustrated.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] (to frustrate) is the Chaldaic equivalent of [H]. ');">³¹</span> Others say: All [nefarious] designs against him will be frustrated. He who is born under Zedek [Jupiter] will be a right-doing man [zadkan] R. Nahman b. Isaac observed: Right-doing in good deeds.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: charitable. ');">³²</span> He who is born under Mars will be a shedder of blood. R. Ashi observed: Either a surgeon, a thief, a slaughterer, or a circumciser. Rabbah said: I was born under Mars.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And am none of these. ');">³³</span>

ואף רב סבר אין מזל לישראל דאמר רב יהודה אמר רב מניין שאין מזל לישראל שנאמר (בראשית טו, ה) ויוצא אותו החוצה אמר אברהם לפני הקב"ה רבש"ע (בראשית טו, ג) בן ביתי יורש אותי אמר לו לאו (בראשית טו, ד) כי אם אשר יצא ממעיך

Abaye retorted: You too inflict punishment and kill.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Not to be taken literally. of course. V. supra 153a. ');">³⁴</span> It was stated. R. Hanina said: The planetary influence gives wisdom, the planetary influence gives wealth, and Israel stands under planetary influence. R. Johanan maintained: Israel is immune from planetary influence.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., there is no mazzal (planetary influence) to Israel. ');">³⁵</span> Now, R. Johanan is consistent with his view, for R. Johanan said: How do we know that Israel is immune from planetary influence? Because it is said, Thus saith the Lord, Learn not the way of the nations, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven, for the nations are dismayed at them:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jer. X, 2. ');">³⁶</span>

אמר לפניו רבש"ע נסתכלתי באיצטגנינות שלי ואיני ראוי להוליד בן אמר ליה צא מאיצטגנינות שלך שאין מזל לישראל מאי דעתיך

they are dismayed but not Israel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Israel being uninfluenced by 'the signs of heaven'. ');">³⁷</span> Rab too holds that Israel is immune from planetary influence. For Rab Judah said in Rab's name: How do we know that Israel is immune from planetary influence? Because it is said, and he brought him forth from abroad.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. XV, 5, q.v. ');">³⁸</span> Abraham pleaded before the Holy One, blessed be He, 'Sovereign of the Universe! one born in mine house is mine heir.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 3. ');">³⁹</span> 'Not so,' He replied, 'but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 4. ');">⁴⁰</span> 'Sovereign of the Universe!' cried he, 'I have looked at my constellation and find that I am not fated to beget child.' 'Go forth from [i.e., cease] thy planet [gazing], for Israel is free from planetary influence. What is thy calculation?