Shabbat 8

ובתוך עשרה פליגי והא מיבעיא בעי לה רבה דבעי רבה למטה מי' פליגי ובהא פליגי דר"ע סבר קלוטה כמי שהונחה דמיא ורבנן סברי לא אמרינן קלוטה כמי שהונחה דמיא אבל למעלה מי' דברי הכל פטור ודכ"ע לא ילפינן זורק ממושיט

and when it [crosses the public domain] within ten handbreadths [of the ground]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the space above ten does not rank as public ground. ');">¹</span>

או דילמא למעלה מי' פליגי ובהא פליגי דר"ע סבר ילפינן זורק ממושיט ורבנן סברי לא ילפינן זורק ממושיט אבל למטה מי' דברי הכל חייב מאי טעמא אמרינן קלוטה כמי שהונחה דמיא

But surely Rabbah asked a question thereon. For Rabbah propounded: Do they disagree when it is below ten, and they differ in this: R. Akiba holds, An object intercepted is as through it rested, while the Rabbis hold that it is not as though it rested; but above ten all agree that he is not liable, all holding that we do not derive throwing from reaching across?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If one reaches over an object from private to private ground across public ground, even if it is above ten handbreadths, he is liable. ');">²</span>

הא לא קשיא בתר דאיבעי הדר איפשיטא ליה דסבר ר"ע קלוטה כמי שהונחה דמיא

Or perhaps they disagree when it is above ten, and they differ in this: R. Akiba holds, We derive throwing from reaching across, while the Rabbis hold, We do not learn throwing from reaching across; but below ten all agree that he is liable. What is the reason? We say that an object intercepted is as though it rested? — That is no difficulty: after propounding, he solved it that R. Akiba holds that an object intercepted is as though it rested.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec.: … he solved it. Granted that R. Akiba holds, An object intercepted is as at rest, yet perhaps (etc., continuing text as in next paragraph). ');">³</span>

ודילמא הנחה הוא דלא בעיא הא עקירה בעיא

But perhaps he [R. Akiba] does not require depositing [on a place four handbreadths square], yet he may require removal [from such a place]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This objection reverts to Rabbah's answer that our Mishnah agrees with R. Akiba. ');">⁴</span>

אלא אמר רב יוסף הא מני רבי היא

Rather, said R. Joseph, the author of this [Mishnah] is Rabbi. Which [ruling of] Rabbi [intimates this]? Shall we say, This [ruling of] Rabbi: If one throws [an object]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the street. ');">⁵</span>

הי רבי אילימא הא ר' דתניא זרק ונח ע"ג זיז כל שהוא רבי מחייב וחכמים פוטרין

and it comes to rest upon a projection,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A bracket moulding, or anything which projects from the wall of a house; both the house and the projection are private ground. ');">⁶</span>

התם כדבעי' למימר לקמן כדאביי דאמר אביי הכא באילן העומד ברה"י ונופו נוטה לר"ה וזרק ונח אנופו

of a small size,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit.,'whatever (size) it is'. I.e., very small, less than four square. ');">⁷</span>

דר' סבר אמרי' שדי נופו בתר עיקרו ורבנן סברי לא אמרי' שדי נופו בתר עיקרו

Rabbi holds him liable; the Sages exempt him? [But] surely there, as we will state below, it is in accordance with Abaye. For Abaye said: The reference here is to a tree standing in private ground while its branch inclines to the street, and one throws [an article] and it comes to rest upon the branch,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is a projection of the tree. ');">⁸</span>

אלא הא ר' דתניא זרק מרה"ר לרה"ר ורה"י באמצע ר' מחייב וחכמים פוטרין

Rabbi holding, We say, cast the branch after its trunk;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence it is private ground, and therefore liability is incurred. — The tree as a whole is regarded, and so we have 'a place four by four.' ');">⁹</span>

ואמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל מחייב היה ר' שתים אחת משום הוצאה ואחת משו' הכנסה אלמא לא בעי עקירה ולא הנחה ע"ג מקום ד' על ד'

but the Rabbis maintain; We do not rule, Cast the branch after its stock? — Rather it is this [ruling of] Rabbi. For it was taught: If one throws [an article] from public to public ground, and private ground lies between: Rabbi holds him liable; but the Sages exempt him. Now, Rab Judah said in Samuel's name: Rabbi imposed a twofold liability, one on account of carrying out and one on account of carrying in:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the object enters the air space in a private domain, there is 'carrying in' from public to private ground; when it leaves it and re-enters the public domain, there is 'carrying out' from private to public ground. Since the man's act has caused both, he is liable twice over. ');">¹⁰</span>

הא איתמר עלה רב ושמואל דאמרי תרווייהו

this proves that neither removal nor depositing requires a place four by four. But surely it was stated thereon, Rab and Samuel both assert,