Shabbat 85

Chapter 85

א איתיביה כופין קערה על הנר שלא יאחז בקורה בבתי גחיני דשכיח בהו דליקה
1 He raised an objection: A dish may be overturned above a lamp, that the beams should not catch [fire]? This refers to houses with low ceilings, for it is a common thing for them to catch fire. [He raised a further objection:] And likewise, if a beam is broken, it may be supported by a bench or bed staves?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the longsides of bedsteads. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב וכן קורה שנשברה סומכין אותה בספסל ובארוכות המטה בכשורי חדתי דעבידי דפקעי
2 — This refers to new planks, for it is a common thing for them to split. [Another objection:] A utensil may be placed under a leak [in the roof] on the Sabbath? — This refers to new houses, where leaking is common.
ג נותנין כלי תחת הדלף בשבת בבתי חדתי דשכיחי דדלפי
3 R. Joseph said: This is R. Hisda's reason, [viz.,] because he deprives the vessel of its readiness [for use].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 196, n. 5. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ד רב יוסף אמר היינו טעמא דרב חסדא משום דקא מבטל כלי מהיכנו
4 Abaye objected to him: if a barrel [of <i>tebel</i>] is broken, another vessel may be brought and placed under it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tebel may not be made fit for food on the Sabbath by rendering its dues. Hence neither it nor the vessel which receives it may be handled. Thus that too loses its general fitness, and yet it is permitted. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ה איתיביה אביי חבית של טבל שנשברה מביא כלי אחר ומניח תחתיה א"ל טבל מוכן הוא אצל שבת שאם עבר ותקנו מתוקן
5 — <i>Tebel</i> is ready [for use] in respect to the Sabbath, replied he, for if he transgresses and prepares it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Sabbath, by separating the tithes. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ו נותנין כלי תחת הנר לקבל ניצוצות א"ר הונא בריה דרב יהושע ניצוצות אין בהן ממש
6 it is prepared. [Another objection:] A vessel may be placed under a lamp to catch the sparks? — Said R. Huna son of R. Joshua: Sparks are intangible.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Consequently the vessel into which they fall may be handled. ');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ז וכן קורה שנשברה סומכין אותה בספסל או בארוכות המטה דרפי דאי בעי שקיל ליה
7 [Another objection:] And likewise, if a beam is broken, it may be supported by a bench or bed-staves?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though it is then impossible to remove them for general use. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ח נותנין כלי תחת הדלף בשבת בדלף הראוי
8 That means that it is loose,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The bench, etc., is not planted there firmly. ');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ט כופין את הסל לפני האפרוחין שיעלו וירדו קסבר מותר לטלטלו והתניא אסור לטלטלו בעודן עליו והתניא אע"פ שאין עודן עליו אסור א"ר אבהו בעודן עליו כל בין השמשות מיגו דאיתקצאי לבין השמשות איתקצאי לכולי יומא
9 So that, if he desires, he can remove it. [Another objection:] A vessel may be placed under drippings on the Sabbath?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He assumed that the drippings consisted of dirty water, unfit for use, as a result of which one may not handle the vessel which receives them. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>
י א"ר יצחק כשם שאין נותנין כלי תחת תרנגולת לקבל ביצתה כך אין כופין עליה כלי בשביל שלא תשבר קסבר אין כלי ניטל אלא לדבר הניטל בשבת מיתיבי כל הני תיובתא ושני בצריך למקומו
10 — The reference is to drippings that are fit [for use]. [Another objection:] A basket may be overturned before fledglings, for them to ascend or descend?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Into or from the hen-coop. ');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יא תא שמע אחת ביצה שנולדה בשבת ואחת ביצה שנולדה ביום טוב אין מטלטלין לא לכסות בה את הכלי ולסמוך בה כרעי המטה אבל כופה עליה כלי בשביל שלא תשבר הכא נמי בצריך למקומו.
11 — He holds that it [the basket] may [still] be moved. But it was taught, It may not be moved? — That is [only] while they [the fledglings] are yet upon it. But it was taught, Though they are not still upon it, it is forbidden? — Said R. Abbahu: That means that they were upon it throughout the period of twilight; since It was forbidden to handle<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., mukzeh q.v. Glos. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>
יב ת"ש פורסין מחצלות על גבי אבנים בשבת באבנים מקורזלות דחזיין לבית הכסא
12 at twilight, it remains so forbidden for the whole day.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is a principle often met with. But if the basket is placed there after nightfall, so that it was fit for handling at twilight, it may be moved when the birds are not upon it. ');"><sup>11</sup></span>
יג ת"ש פורסין מחצלות על גבי לבנים בשבת דאישתיור מבנינא דחזיין למיזגא עלייהו
13 R. Isaac said: just as a vessel may not be placed under a fowl to receive her eggs, so may a vessel not be overturned upon it [the egg] that it should not be broken. He holds that a vessel may be handled only for the sake of that which itself may be handled on the Sabbath.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which excludes an egg laid on the Sabbath. ');"><sup>12</sup></span>
יד ת"ש פורסין מחצלת על גבי כוורת דבורים בשבת בחמה מפני החמה ובגשמים מפני הגשמים ובלבד שלא יתכוין לצוד הכא במאי עסקינן דאיכא דבש א"ל רב עוקבא ממישן לרב אשי תינח בימות החמה
14 All the foregoing objections were raised;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In every case there the article itself for which the utensil is taken may not be handled. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> and he answered, It means that its place is required.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A utensil may be moved when its place is required, and when so moved it may be utilized for the purposes enumerated above, ');"><sup>14</sup></span> Come and hear: An egg laid on the Sabbath or an egg laid on a Festival may not be moved, neither for covering a vessel<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., the neck of a bottle. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> nor for supporting the legs of a bed therewith;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The egg did not actually support the bed, but was placed near it for magical purposes; v. A. Marmorstein, MGWJ. 72. 1928, pp. 391-395. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> but a vessel may be turned over it, that it [the egg] should not be broken? — Here too it means that its place is required. Come and hear: Mats may be spread over stones on the Sabbath?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Stones, being unfit for use, may not be handled. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> — The reference is to smoothly rounded stones, which are fit [for use] in a privy. Come and hear: Mats may be spread on the Sabbath upon bricks which were left over from a building? — That is because they are fit for reclining [thereon]. Come and hear: One may spread mats over bee-hives on the Sabbath: in the sun on account of the sun and in the rain on account of the rain, providing he has no intention of capturing [the bees]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though the hives themselves may not be handled. ');"><sup>18</sup></span> — The circumstances are that they contain honey. Said R. 'Ukba of Mesene<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The region to the south of Babylon bounded by the Tigris, the Euphrates and the Royal Canal, and differentiated from Babylon proper in respect to marriage; v. Kid. 71b, Obermeyer, pp. 90 seqq. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> to R. Ashi: That is correct of summer,