Temurah 13

Chapter 13

א ס"ד אמינא בשלמא מעיקרא לא ידענא אי האי מיקבע לשם אבל הכא כיון דאינכר שם לא לקי קמ"ל
1 You might argue that we can well understand why at the outset [we require both animals to be unblemished] because we do not know which one will be designated 'for the Lord'. But here, since the animal designated 'for the Lord' is recognised, there is no punishment of lashes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For breaking the prohibitory law of 'Ye shall not offer' if the scapegoat were dedicated in a blemished state.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב אמר מר משום רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אף קבלת הדם מאי טעמא דרבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אמר קרא (ויקרא כב, כד) ומעוך וכתות ונתוק וכרות וגו' זו קבלת הדם שאמר רבי יוסי בר' יהודה
2 The text ['Unto the Lord' mentioned above] therefore informs us [that it is not so].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To include the case of a blemished scapegoat as infringing the prohibition of 'Ye shall not offer'.');"><sup>2</sup></span> The Master said: 'It is reported in the name of R'Jose son of R'Judah: [There is] also [the case of the prohibitory law relating to] the receiving of the blood'. What is the reason of R'Jose son of R'Judah? Scripture says: That which hath its stones bruised or crushed or torn or cut etc. [ye shall not offer unto the Lord];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXII, 24.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ג ולתנא קמא האי לא תקריבו למה לי מיבעי ליה לזריקת דמים והא נפקא ליה מעל המזבח אורחיה דקרא דמשתעי הכי
3 this refers to the receiving of the blood mentioned by R'Jose son of R'Judah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deduced from the repetition of the phrase, 'Ye shall not offer'');"><sup>4</sup></span> And according to the first Tanna,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Jose's disputant, who does not hold that there is an infringement of a prohibitory law in receiving the blood of a blemished dedicated animal.');"><sup>5</sup></span> what need is there for this text: 'Ye shall not offer'? - It is necessary for the case of the sprinkling of the blood of a blemished animal.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In order to teach us that there is an infringement of a prohibitory, law in doing so.');"><sup>6</sup></span> But do we not deduce this from the text: Upon the altar?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXII, 22.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ד ורבי יוסי בר' יהודה נמי אורחיה דקרא הוא אין ה"נ אלא קבלת הדם מנא ליה נפקא ליה מהא (ויקרא כב, כה) ומיד בן נכר לא תקריבו זו היא קבלת הדם שאמר רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה
4 - This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The text, 'Ye shall not offer'.');"><sup>8</sup></span> is simply Scripture's manner of speaking.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a summing up of the law relating to blemishes, and we do not infer some special ruling therefrom.');"><sup>9</sup></span> But may it not also be, according to R'Jose son of R'Judah, Scriptures manner of speaking?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Alluding to the text, 'Ye shall not offer', quoted above.');"><sup>10</sup></span> - Yes, it is so.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is Scripture's way of speaking.');"><sup>11</sup></span>
ה ולתנא קמא האי לא תקריבו למה לי מיבעי ליה להאי ס"ד אמינא הואיל ולא נצטוו בני נח אלא על מחוסר אברים לא שנא במזבח דידהו ולא שנא במזבח דידן קמ"ל
5 Then whence does he deduce the prohibition in respect of receiving the blood?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If this text, 'Ye shall not offer' is not to be specially interpreted.');"><sup>12</sup></span> - He derives [this ruling] from the following: 'Neither from the hand of a foreigner shall ye offer';<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXII, 25.');"><sup>13</sup></span> this refers to the receiving of the blood [mentioned by R'Jose son of R'Judah].
ו ל"א רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אומר אף על קבלת הדם מאי טעמא דכתיב ומעוך וכתות וגו' לא תקריבו זו קבלת הדם וזריקה נפקא ליה מעל המזבח
6 And what does the first Tanna do with this text, 'Neither shall ye offer'? - He needs it for this: It may occur to you to think that since the Noahides<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., Gentiles who are the descendants of Noah.');"><sup>14</sup></span> were only commanded concerning the loss of limbs,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That only such a defect disqualifies a sacrifice for their altar, but a mere blemish is no disqualification.');"><sup>15</sup></span> it is therefore immaterial whether the sacrifice is for their altar<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., which a Gentile had erected to offer upon it to God.');"><sup>16</sup></span> or ours.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That we may offer up a blemished animal belonging to a Gentile on our altar so long as it is not short of a limb.');"><sup>17</sup></span> [The text]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Neither shall ye offer'.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
ז ולרבנן נמי תיפוק להו זריקה מן על המזבח הכי נמי ואלא לא תקריבו דמעוך למאי אתא מפקינן לבמת יחיד
7 therefore informs us [that this is not so]. Another version: R'Jose son of R'Judah says: '[There is] also [the prohibition relating to] the receiving the blood'. What is the reason? - Since Scripture says: 'That which hath its stones bruised or crushed etc. ye shall not offer unto the Lord', this refers to the receiving of the blood and the prohibition of sprinkling<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of a blemished animal.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
ח ולרבי יוסי ברבי יהודה האי מיבעי ליה לבמת יחיד אין הכי נמי אלא תקריבו דקבלה מנא ליה מיד בן נכר לא תקריבו זו קבלת הדם
8 is derived from the text, 'Upon the altar'. And according to the Rabbis, why not also derive the prohibition of sprinkling from the text, 'Upon the altar'? - In fact they do.
ט ורבנן אצטריך ס"ד אמינא הואיל ובני נח אין מצווין אלא על מחוסר אבר בבמה דלהון דלמא אנן נמי נקביל מינהון קא משמע לן מכל אלה דלא מקבלינן
9 Then what does the text, 'Ye shall not offer' stated in connection with the text, 'Bruised or crushed' come to teach? - It is required to teach us the case of a private bamah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That it is forbidden to offer up a blemished animal on one. Bamah is a high place.');"><sup>20</sup></span> And according to R'Jose son of R'Judah, do we not require the text<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Ye shall not offer' occurring in connection with the text 'Bruised or crushed etc.'.');"><sup>21</sup></span> to teach us the case of a private bamah? - Yes, it is so, Then whence does he derive [the prohibition of] offering with reference to the receiving of the blood? - He derives it from the text, 'Neither from the hand of a foreigner shall ye offer', this meaning the receiving of the blood.
י מתקיף לה ר"ל שמא לא שנינו אלא בתם שנעשה בעל מום ועובר דאי בעל מום מעיקרא דיקלא בעלמא הוא
10 And the Rabbis?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who differ with R. Jose what need have they for this text?');"><sup>22</sup></span> - There is need for the text.
יא אמר ליה רבי חייא בר יוסף (ויקרא כב, כג) שרוע וקלוט כתיב בפרשה והני בעלי מומין מעיקרא נינהו
11 You might think that since the Noahides are only commanded concerning the loss of a limb for their own bamah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For they are not forbidden to offer up a blemished sacrifice on their bamah.');"><sup>23</sup></span> we too may therefore accept from them [a permanently blemished animal].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To offer up on our altar.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
יב אמר ליה שמא לא שנינו אלא בתמורה דתנן חומר בתמורה מבזבח שכן קדושה חלה עליה על בעל מום קבוע
12 The text, 'Of any of these' therefor informs us that we do not accept.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For a Gentile's blemished animal is compared with our own. Just as in our case, we do not offer up a blemished animal on the altar, even without the loss of a limb, so we do not accept for sacrifice a permanently blemished animal from the Gentiles.');"><sup>25</sup></span> To this Resh Lakish demurred:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Referring to the Baraitha above which says that one who dedicates blemished animals for the altar is guilty of transgressing five negative commands.');"><sup>26</sup></span> Perhaps this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the punishment of lashes is inflicted for transgressing the prohibition of 'Ye shall not offer'.');"><sup>27</sup></span>
יג אמר ליה רבי יוחנן לא שמיע לך הא דאמר ר' ינאי בחבורה נמנו וגמרו המקדיש בעל מום לגבי מזבח עובר משום חמשה שמות ואי בתמורה נמי ששה הוויין דאיכא נמי לאו דתמורה אלא מאי בבעל מום מעיקרו אמאי לקי דיקלא בעלמא הוא
13 is stated only in connection with the case of an unblemished animal which became blemished,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As one might be under the impression that since it was once holy, the fact that it subsequently became blemished should not disqualify it from being offered up on the altar.');"><sup>28</sup></span> in which case there is a transgression, but if it is an originally blemished animal, it is then a mere palm-tree!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He could not possibly have imagined that it would be fit for the altar except for its money value, and therefore one might think that there would not be any punishment of lashes.');"><sup>29</sup></span> - Thereupon R'Hiyya B'Joseph said to him: [Scripture says:] 'Too long or too short'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXII, 23.');"><sup>30</sup></span> in the section<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Dealing with the various permanent blemishes which render an animal unfit.');"><sup>31</sup></span> and these are originally blemished animals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Concerning which Scripture says, 'Ye shall not offer' which indicates as explained above, that one is guilty in dedicating these blemished animals.');"><sup>32</sup></span> He [Resh Lakish] said: Perhaps we have learnt this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which says that there is a penalty for dedicating.');"><sup>33</sup></span>
יד אמר ליה דיקלא לאו זילא מילתא מין עצים הוא בעל מום מעיקרא זילא מילתא כיון דשביק תמים ואקדיש בעלי מומין מיחייב
14 only with reference to substitutes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where the substituted animal is blemished.');"><sup>34</sup></span> for we have learnt: There is a restriction in the law regarding substitutes which does not apply to original sacrifices, in that holiness can attach [as substitute] to an animal permanently blemished!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For this reason there is the penalty of lashes, but if he dedicated an animal originally blemished, there may perhaps be no penalty for the dedication, unless he later offered it up.');"><sup>35</sup></span>
טו לישנא אחרינא א"ל אפילו הכי בזיא מילתא דדקל ליכא במינו לא לקי לאפוקי בעל מום כיון דאיכא במינו לקי
15 - R'Johanan replied to him: Have you not heard what R'Jannai said: At the college a vote was taken and it was decided: He who dedicates a blemished animal for the altar is guilty on five counts.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he breaks five negative commands.');"><sup>36</sup></span> Now if [this passage] deals with substitutes, then there are six, for there is also the prohibition of exchanging?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Nor change it'.');"><sup>37</sup></span> - What then?
טז אמר רבא השתא דאמור טעמא דבעל מום דלקי משום דבזיא מילתייהו אפילו למקדיש ליה לדמי נסכים נמי לקי
16 Do you maintain that he deals with a case of an animal originally blemished? Then why should there be the punishment of lashes, since it is merely a palm-tree? - He replied, There is nothing irreverential about a palm-tree [as] it is a kind of wood.
יז תניא כוותיה דרבא
17 But in dedicating an originally blemished animal, there is something irreverential [as regards consecrations], since he ignores unblemished animals and dedicates blemished ones, and therefore he is guilty. Another version: He [R'Hiyya] said to him [Resh Lakish]: Even so the act is irreverential.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where one dedicates an animal which became blemished. There is therefore a degradation of holy things.');"><sup>38</sup></span> For the dedication of a palm-tree, as there is nothing in its class [fit for the altar] there is no punishment of lashes But the case is otherwise with reference to a blemished animal, since there exists in the class of animals [those fit for the altar], and he is therefore punishable with lashes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For dedicating something which is not fit.');"><sup>39</sup></span> Said Raba: Now that you say that the reason why [one who dedicates] a blemished animal incurs the punishment [of lashes] is because the act is irreverential,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To dedicate an animal which has become blemished.');"><sup>40</sup></span> then even if one dedicates it [a blemished animal] for the value of its drink-offerings, one should incur the punishment [of lashes]. [Raba's<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So Sh. Mek. Cur. edd. It has been taught like Raba.');"><sup>41</sup></span> is a point at issue among Tannaim.]