Temurah 23

Chapter 23

א א"ל מי קרינא ביה (דברים יב, כא) כי ירחק ממך המקום וזבחת
1 He [R'Joseph] said to him [Abaye]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One does not incur the penalty for slaughtering hullin in the Temple court.');"><sup>1</sup></span> Can we apply here the text: If the place be too far for thee, then thou shalt kill?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XII, 21; from which text we derive in Kid. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב בעי מיניה אביי מרב יוסף היא חולין וולדה שלמים ושחטה בחוץ מהו מי מחייב עליה משום שחוטי חוץ או לא
2 Abaye inquired of R'Joseph: If it [the mother] is hullin and its embryo is a peace-offering<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And according to the authority who says that dedication has effect on an embryo, is there excision on account of the embryo, its mother having been slaughtered without the Temple court?');"><sup>3</sup></span> and one slaughtered it [the mother] without [the Temple court], does he incur the penalty for slaughtering dedicated animals without [the Temple court] or not? - He replied to him: Can we apply here the text: Even that they may bring them unto the Lord?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XVII, 5, stated in connection with the prohibition of bringing dedications without the Temple court. For one is guilty of bringing dedications without the Temple court only with regard to an animal fit for an offering, but not an embryo which is not fit at present for an offering.');"><sup>4</sup></span> Another version: He [R'Joseph] replied to him: [If the animal] is fit for the tent of meeting,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And one offers it without the Temple court.');"><sup>5</sup></span> one incurs a penalty for slaughtering it outside [the Temple court, but<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Inserted with Sh. Mek.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ג א"ל מי קרינא ביה (ויקרא יז, ה) והביאום לה'
3 for an animal which is not fit for the tent of meeting,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And here it is hullin and can only be brought outside the tent of meeting. Therefore the text is not applicable.');"><sup>7</sup></span> there is no penalty incurred for slaughtering without the Temple court].
ד ל"א א"ל ראוי לפתח אהל מועד חייבין עליו בחוץ
4 <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>[ANYTHING WHICH HAS BECOME SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF TERUMAH THROUGH] AN ADMIXTURE CAN AFFECT A [SECOND] MIXTURE ONLY IN PROPORTION.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If, for example, a se'ah of terumah fell into a se'ah of hullin so that the mixture became subject to terumah and if subsequently one se'ah of this mixture fell into hullin, the second mixture is subject to the law of terumah only in proportion of the terumah contained in the first mixture.');"><sup>8</sup></span> [DOUGH] LEAVENED [THROUGH TERUMAH] CAN AFFECT [ANOTHER DOUGH] ONLY IN PROPORTION.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If, for example, terumah the size of an egg has leavened hullin also the size of an egg and then there fell from the mixture the size of an egg into some other dough, if half an egg is capable of leavening the dough, then the latter is forbidden, but if not, it is permitted, for we say that in the egg that fell into the dough there was only half an egg of terumah.');"><sup>9</sup></span> DRAWN WATER CAN DISQUALIFY A MIKWEH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ritual bath.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ה <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> אין המדומע מדמע אלא לפי חשבון
5 ONLY IN PROPORTION.
ו ואין המחומץ מחמץ אלא לפי חשבון ואין המים שאובין פוסלין את המקוה אלא לפי חשבון
6 
ז ואין מי חטאת עושין מי חטאת אלא עם מתן אפר ואין בית הפרס עושין בית הפרס ואין תרומה אחר תרומה
7 WATER OF PURIFICATION BECOMES RITUALLY FIT<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'become waters of purification'.');"><sup>11</sup></span> ONLY WITH THE PUTTING OF ASHES [IN THE WATER].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was there already, but if he first put the ashes in the vessel and then the water, the water is disqualified because, when he put in the ashes, there was no water in the vessel.');"><sup>12</sup></span> A GRAVE AREA<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Beth ha-Peras, a field in which a grave has been ploughed up; v. Keth. (Sonc. ed.) p. 154, n. 6.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
ח ואין תמורה עושה תמורה ולא הולד עושה תמורה ר' יהודה אומר הולד עושה תמורה אמרו לו הקדש עושה תמורה ואין הולד עושה תמורה
8 CANNOT CREATE A GRAVE AREA.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the plough passes over and beyond it.');"><sup>14</sup></span> [THE SEPARATION OF] TERUMAH CANNOT BE REPEATED.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., once terumah has been separated from the heap, it cannot be separated again. Lit., 'there is no terumah after terumah'.');"><sup>15</sup></span> AN EXCHANGE CANNOT BE USED TO EFFECT ANOTHER EXCHANGE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A substitute which is sacred cannot itself be exchanged for another animal, so as to cause holiness to the latter.');"><sup>16</sup></span> THE OFFSPRING OF A DEDICATED ANIMAL CANNOT EFFECT AN EXCHANGE.
ט <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאן תנא א"ר חייא בר אבא א"ר יוחנן דלא כרבי אליעזר
9 R'JUDAH SAYS: THE OFFSPRING OF A DEDICATED ANIMAL CAN EFFECT AN EXCHANGE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One can exchange an animal for the offspring and the substitute becomes holy.');"><sup>17</sup></span> THEY SAID TO HIM: A DEDICATED ANIMAL CAN EFFECT EXCHANGE, BUT NEITHER THE OFFSPRING OF A DEDICATED ANIMAL [NOR<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Inserted with Sh. Mek.');"><sup>18</sup></span> AN EXCHANGE] CAN EFFECT EXCHANGE.
י דתנן סאה של תרומה שנפלה לפחות ממאה חולין ונדמעו ונפל מן המדומע למקום אחר רבי אליעזר אומר מדמע כתרומה ודאי (שאני אומר סאה שנפלה היא שעלתה)
10 <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Whose opinion is here<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Mishnah which says that anything which has become subject to the law of terumah etc.');"><sup>19</sup></span> represented? R'Hiyya B'Abba reported in the name of R'Johanan: It will not be that of R'Eliezer.
יא וחכ"א אינה מדמעת אלא לפי חשבון שבה
11 For we have learnt: If a se'ah of terumah has fallen into less than a hundred se'ah of hullin,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if it fell into one hundred se'ah of hullin, the terumah would be neutralized.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
יב ואין המחומץ מחמץ כו' אמר רבי אבא אמר רבי יוחנן מתניתין דלא כרבי אליעזר
12 [the admixture becoming forbidden to non-priests], and something fell from the mixture into another place [of hullin] , R'Eliezer says: The mixture is considered certain terumah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that if a se'ah from the admixture fell into other hullin there must be a hundred se'ah beside it in order to neutralize the terumah.');"><sup>21</sup></span> whereas the Sages say: The [first] mixture can affect the [second] only in proportion.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' We require a hundred times the proportion of terumah in the se'ah which fell into the second mixture and not more. If e.g., in the beginning there fell one se'ah of terumah into twenty-four se'ah of hullin, each se'ah of the mixture contains one twenty-fourth of terumah, i.e., one log. Now if a se'ah of this mixture fell into other hullin, seventy-seven log of hullin combine with the twenty-three log of hullin contained in the se'ah which fell in order to neutralize the terumah (Rashi) .');"><sup>22</sup></span> [DOUGH] LEAVENED [THROUGH TERUMAH] CAN AFFECT [OTHER DOUGH] ONLY IN PROPORTION.
יג דתנן שאור של חולין ושל תרומה שנפלו לתוך העיסה ולא בזה כדי להחמיץ ולא בזה כדי להחמיץ ונצטרפו וחימצו רבי אליעזר אומר אחר אחרון אני בא וחכמים אומרים בין שנפל איסור לכתחילה ובין שנפל איסור בסוף לעולם אין אסור עד שיהא בו כדי להחמיץ
13 R'Hiyya B'Abba reported in the name of R'Johanan: The Mishnah will not be the opinion of R'Eliezer.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For according to R. Eliezer there is no need that the forbidden thing should be capable of leavening, and the forbidden thing, i.e., terumah, together with what is permissible, i.e., hullin, both combine in order to render the dough forbidden.');"><sup>23</sup></span> For we have learnt: If leaven of hullin and of terumah fell into dough and there was in neither a sufficient quantity to leaven [the dough] but both were capable of leavening when combined, R'Eliezer says: We go by the last [leaven],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which causes the leavening, and if the forbidden thing fell last, the admixture is prohibited. And according to our Mishnah too, although from the first dough leavened exclusively by terumah, there fell into the second dough only a sufficient quantity to leaven the second dough, and hence the greater part of the leaven came from hullin, the second dough is still forbidden, because R. Eliezer holds that the product of combined causes i.e., of terumah and hullin joined together is forbidden (Rashi) . Rashi adds that even if the terumah fell first but it was not removed, and both the terumah and the hullin leavened the dough, the latter is forbidden, because it is a product of combined causes. Tosaf. however, explains that the case dealt with by the Mishnah is where the leaven of terumah the size of an olive and hullin the size of an olive fell separately into a dough of hullin and leavened the latter, there being neither in the hullin by itself nor in the terumah by itself a sufficient quantity to leaven.');"><sup>24</sup></span> whereas the Sages say: Whether the forbidden thing [terumah] fell first [into the dough] or last, a quantity capable of leavening is always required [in order that the dough should] become forbidden. DRAWN WATER CAN DISQUALIFY A MIKWEH ONLY IN PROPORTION. Whose opinion is here represented? - R'Hiyya B'Aba reported in the name of R'Johanan: It is that of R'Eliezer B'Jacob.
יד ואין המים שאובין פוסלין את המקוה מאן תנא אמר רבי חייא בר אבא אמר רבי יוחנן רבי אליעזר בן יעקב היא דתנן ר' אליעזר בן יעקב אומר מקוה שיש בו עשרים ואחת סאה מי גשמים ממלא בכתף תשע עשרה סאה ופותקן למקוה
14 For it has been taught:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. Mik. IV.');"><sup>25</sup></span> R'Eliezer B'Jacob said: If a mikweh contains twenty-one se'ah of rain-water, one can bring<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'fill with the shoulder'.');"><sup>26</sup></span> nineteen se'ah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of drawn water to make up the minimum required of forty se'ah.');"><sup>27</sup></span> and open a sluice [near it],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since to pour from a bucket directly into a mikweh which contains less than forty se'ah of rain water would disqualify the water, even if only three log, but he makes a cavity into which he pours water from the bucket and the water flows from this cavity into the mikweh.');"><sup>28</sup></span>