Yevamot 145

(במדבר יט, יט) והזה הטהור על הטמא טהור מכלל שהוא טמא לימד על טבול יום שכשר בפרה

And the clean person shall sprinkle upon the unclean,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XIX. 19. ');">¹</span> [since] clean [was mentioned]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was unnecessary. it being self-evident that the rite of purification should be performed by a clean person. ');">²</span> the implication must be that he is [somewhat unclean.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The object of the text being to indicate that though he is not clean in all respects he may nevertheless perform the rite of sprinkling. ');">³</span>

בעו מיניה מרב ששת ערל מהו במעשר כי היכי דיליף פסח ממעשר לענין אנינות יליף נמי מעשר מפסח לענין ערלות

Thus it was taught that a tebul yom<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. The tebul yom is in one respect regarded as clean, since he has already performed his ritual ablution (v. Lev. XIV. 9), while in another respect (the eating of holy food), he is still regarded as unclean until sunset. ');">⁴</span> is permitted to prepare the red heifer. R. Shesheth was asked: Is an uncircumcised person permitted to eat tithe:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The 'second tithe' which is permitted to Israelites under certain restrictions. V. Deut. XIV, 22-27. ');">⁵</span>

או דלמא חמור מקל יליף קל מחמור לא יליף

Is tithe deduced from the paschal lamb in the case of circumcision<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As the Paschal lamb is forbidden to the uncircumcised so is also the second tithe. ');">⁶</span> as the paschal lamb is deduced from tithe in the case of the mourning of an onan,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. The prohibition of the second tithe to the onan is specifically referred to in Deut. XXVI, 14, while the prohibition to him of the Paschal lamb is arrived at by deduction from the former. ');">⁷</span> or may only the major [sanctity] be deduced from the minor but not the minor from the major [sanctity]? He replied. You have learned this: In respect of <i>terumah</i> and the first ripe fruits<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Bikkurim v. Glos. ');">⁸</span>

אמר להו תניתוה התרומה והבכורים חייבים עליהן מיתה וחומש ואסורין לזרים

one may incur the penalties of death<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For unlawfully eating of them (v. Lev. XXII, 9 and Mak. 17a). ');">⁹</span> and a fifth;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the value of the food, in addition to its actual cost, which a non-priest must pay if he consumed unwittingly any quantity of terumah or bikkurim. V. Lev. XXII. 24. ');">¹⁰</span> these furthermore are forbidden to non-priests, they are the [undisputed] property of the priest,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He may purchase with them any objects and may also use them as a token of betrothal. ');">¹¹</span>

והן נכסי כהן ועולין באחד ומאה וטעונין רחיצת ידים והערב שמש הרי אלו בתרומה ובבכורים מה שאין כן במעשר

they are neutralized<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'go up'. i.e., lose their sanctity. ');">¹²</span> in one hundred and one,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the ratio of the ordinary food to that of the terumah of bikkurim is that or a hundred to one. The priest is then given 1/101 of the mixed quantity and the rest is permitted to be eaten by any person. ');">¹³</span> and they require washing of the hands,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the part of the man who wishes to eat of them, even if they consist of fruit only, which, unlike bread, if not consecrated requires no washing of the hands. ');">¹⁴</span>

ואם איתא ניתני ערל אסור בהן מה שאין כן במעשר

and sunset,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before an unclean person, though he has performed his ablution, is permitted to eat of them. ');">¹⁵</span> All these restrictions apply to <i>terumah</i> and bikkurim only but not to tithe.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Bik. II. 1; B.M. 52b. ');">¹⁶</span> Now, if that were so,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the uncircumcised is permitted to eat the second tithe. ');">¹⁷</span>

תנא ושייר ומאי שייר דהאי שייר

it should have been stated here, 'The uncircumcised is forbidden to eat of them, which prohibition is not applicable to tithe'!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since, however, this was omitted, it follows that tithe also is forbidden to the uncircumcised. ');">¹⁸</span> — He might have taught some<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the restrictions that do not apply to tithe. ');">¹⁹</span> and omitted others.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The uncircumcised among them. ');">²⁰</span>

שייר דקא תני סיפא יש במעשר ובבכורים מה שאין כן בתרומה שהמעשר והבכורים טעונין הבאת מקום וטעונין וידוי ואסור לאונן ורבי שמעון מתיר וחייבין בביעור ור"ש פוטר

What else did he omit that he should have omitted this?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If nothing else was omitted it is unlikely that one single case only should have been omitted. ');">²¹</span> — He omitted the following. In the final clause while it was stated: 'Some restrictions apply to tithe and the first ripe fruits, but not to <i>terumah</i>, since tithe and the first ripe fruits must be brought to the appointed place,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jerusalem. V. Deut. XIV, 22ff and XXVI, 2ff. ');">²²</span> they require confession<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Deut. XXVI, 10 (bikkurim); ibid. 13 (tithe). ');">²³</span>

ואילו אסור לבער מהן בטומאה

and are forbidden to an onan, and R. Simeon permits [the bikkurim to an onan]; they are,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Pes. 36b. ');">²⁴</span> furthermore, subject to removal;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' From the house, by the third, and the sixth year of the Septennial cycle. Cf. I have put away the hallowed things out of my house (Deut. XXVI, 13) and v. Maas. V, 6. ');">²⁵</span> but R. Simeon exempts them',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' From the law of removal. Bik. II, 2. ');">²⁶</span> [the laws that] they may not be burned<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Oil, for instance, for lighting purposes. ');">²⁷</span> even when levitically unclean,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And not fit to be eaten. ');">²⁸</span>