Yoma 130

קרבנות צבור קא אמרת שאני קרבנות צבור כדרבי טבי אמר רבי יאשיה דאמר רבי טבי אמר רבי יאשיה אמר קרא (במדבר כח, יד) זאת עולת חדש בחדשו אמרה תורה חדש והבא לי קרבן מתרומה חדשה

You speak about community sacrifices? It is different with community sacrifices, even as R'Tabi said, in the name of R'Josiah.

הא תינח שעיר פר מאי איכא למימר גזירה פר אטו שעיר

For R'Tabi said in the name of R'Josiah: Scripture said: This is the burnt-offering of ever new moon throughout the months of the year.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXVIII, 14.');">¹</span> The Torah indicates: Renew and bring Me an offering of the new terumah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. R.H., Sonc. ed., p. 25, nn. 8 - 9.');">²</span>

ומשום גזירה ימותו ועוד הא דרבי טבי אמר רבי יאשיה גופה מצוה היא דאמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל קרבנות צבור הבאין באחד בניסן מצוה להביא מן החדש ואם הביא מן הישן יצא אלא שחסר מצוה

That will be right concerning the he-goat.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was provided from the funds of the shekel-chamber.');">³</span> But can it be said in the case of the bullock?

אלא אמר רבי זירא לפי שאין הגורל קובע משנה לחברתה ונייתי ונגריל גזירה שמא יאמרו הגורל קובע משנה לחברתה

Preventive measure attaches to the bullock because of the he-goat. And because of preventive measure shall they be left to die?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It would seem sufficient that they be left to pasture.');">⁴</span>

הא תינח שעיר פר מאי איכא למימר גזירה פר אטו שעיר ומשום גזירה ימותו

And, furthermore, the statement of R'Tabi in the name of R'Josiah characterizes the action as merely a meritorious deed, for R'Judah said in the name of Samuel: It is a meritorious deed to offer the community sacrifices, which are due in Nisan, from the new terumah. If he had offered them from the old, he has fulfilled his duty, but has omitted a meritorious deed! - Rather, said R'Zeira: [The reason why they cannot be offered in the following year is] because the lot of one year cannot determine for the following year.

אמרוה רבנן קמיה דאביי גזירה משום חטאת שמתו בעלי' הא תינח פר שעיר מאי איכא למימר גזירה שעיר אטו פר

But let us cast lots again? - There is the fear that people might say the lots do determine from one year for the next. That will be reasonable as far as the he-goat is concerned, but what can be said about the bullock? - The prohibition attaches to the bullock because of the he-goat.

ומשום גזירה ימותו אלא גזירה משום חטאת שעברה שנתה גזירה היא גופה חטאת שעברה שנתה היא

And because of a preventive measure shall they be left to die? - The Rabbis before Abaye said that to be a preventive measure on account of a sin-offering whose owner had died.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the priest should die that year.');">⁵</span> That will be right in the case of the he-goat, but what of the case of the bullock? - The restriction in the case of the bullock derives from the he-goat.

הא לא קשיא כרבי דתניא (ויקרא כה, ל) שנה תמימה מונה שלש מאות וששים וחמשה יום כמנין ימות החמה דברי ר' וחכ"א מונה שנים עשר חדש מיום ליום

And because of a preventive measure shall they be left to die? - Rather is it a restriction because of a sin-offering whose year is past.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the fear that by the next Day of Atonement it may be more than a year old. All the he-goats offered up as sin-offerings are invalidated after they have reached the age of one year.');">⁶</span> Is that [but] a preventive measure? This is itself a sin-offering whose year i past.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Obviously this sin-offering will be past one year this time next year.');">⁷</span> This is no difficulty, in accord with the view of Rabbi. For it was taught:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. H. 6b.');">⁸</span> A full year,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXV, 30. The reference here is to the time (one year) during which the seller of a dwelling house in a walled city may redeem the property sold by cancellation of contract.');">⁹</span> one counts three hundred and sixty-five days according to the year of the sun, this is the view of Rabbi. The Sages say: One counts twelve months from day to day.