Yoma 175

מפני שצריך לומר הבדלה בחונן הדעת תנאי היא דתניא כל חייבי טבילות טובלין כדרכן ביום הכפורים נדה ויולדת טובלות כדרכן בלילי יוה"כ

because one must make mention of Habdalah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'division'. The reference to the distinction between holy and profane recited in the Amidah on the termination of the Sabbath and Festivals.');">¹</span> in the benediction [commencing with] 'Thou favourest'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. P.B., p. 46.');">²</span>

בעל קרי טובל והולך עד המנחה רבי יוסי אומר כל היום כולו

That is a dispute of Tannaim, for it was taught in a Baraitha: All those obliged to immerse themselves may do so in their usual manner on the Day of Atonement, the menstruating woman, and the woman after childbirth immerse themselves in their usual manner on the evening of the Day of Atonement. One who had a pollution may do so until the afternoon prayer.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That means, if he had experienced pollution before then, he may immerse himself until Minhah, so that he may pray the afternoon prayer. But if it happened after the afternoon prayer, he should not immerse himself, but await until dark therewith. The Sages hold that the Ne'ilah is to be said at night, and therefore in agreement with Rab's teaching, renders exempt the evening prayer; whereas R. Jose, who holds that the man who had experienced pollution may immerse himself throughout the day, so that even if he had experienced after the afternoon prayer, he may immerse himself in order that he might pray the concluding prayer, is of the opinion that the Ne'ilah prayer is not said at night, and therefore does not exempt the evening service.');">³</span>

ורמינהו הזב והזבה המצורע והמצורעת ובועל נדה וטמא מת טובלין כדרכן ביוה"כ נדה ויולדת טובלות כדרכן בלילי יוה"כ בעל קרי טובל והולך כל היום כולו ר' יוסי אומר מן המנחה ולמעלה אין יכול לטבול

R'Jose said: He may do so throughout the day. But the following contradiction is to be pointed out: A man or woman afflicted with gonorrhoea, or with leprosy, one who had had intercourse with a menstruant, or one rendered unclean by contact with a dead person, may immerse themselves in their usual manner on the Day of Atonement.

לא קשיא הא דצלי תפלת נעילה הא דלא צלי

A menstruating woman, and a woman after childbirth may immerse themselves in their usual manner on the night before the Day of Atonement. One who had experienced a pollution may immerse himself throughout the day.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 6b.');">⁴</span>

אי דצלי מאי טעמייהו דרבנן קא סברי רבנן טבילה בזמנה מצוה

R'Jose said: From the Minhah onwards, he may not immerse himself? - This is no difficulty: The one refers to the case that he had read the Ne'ilah prayer,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before he experienced the pollution, and therefore R. Jose holds that he may not immerse himself after the Minhah.');">⁵</span> the other that he had not read the Ne'ilah.

מכלל דר' יוסי סבר לאו מצוה והתניא הרי שהיה שם כתוב על בשרו ה"ז לא ירחץ ולא יסוך ולא יעמוד במקום הטנופת נזדמנה לו טבילת מצוה כורך עליו גמי ויורד וטובל רבי יוסי אומר יורד וטובל כדרכו ובלבד שלא ישפשף

If he had prayed, what is the reason for the view of the Rabbis?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the second Baraitha, allowing immersion after Minhah.');">⁶</span> - The Rabbis hold: It is obligatory to take the ritual bath at the proper times.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And since the time of the immersion of those who experienced pollution is during the day, they may do so even after Minhah.');">⁷</span>

וקי"ל דבטבילה בזמנה מצוה פליגי

This implies that R'Jose would not hold this not to be obligatory, but surely it was taught: If he has had the name [of God] inscribed on his body he must not bathe, nor anoint himself, nor stand in an unclean place; if it happens that he is obliged to immerse himself, he should tie some reed around, go down and immerse himself, R'Jose said: He may go down and immerse himself in the usual manner, provided he does not rub it off. And we know that they are disputing the principle as to whether it is obligatory to take the ritual bath at its definite time!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 8a.');">⁸</span>

ההיא רבי יוסי בר יהודה היא דתניא ר' יוסי בר יהודה אומר דיה לטבילה שתהא באחרונה

[The Tanna of] that [former Baraitha]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who does not permit immersion after Minhah because he does not regard it as an obligation to immerse at the proper time.');">⁹</span> is R'Jose B'Judah, for it was taught: R'Jose B'Judah said: The [one] immersion at the end suffices for her.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Shab., Sonc. ed., p. 598, n. 11.');">¹⁰</span>

ת"ר הרואה קרי ביום הכפורים יורד וטובל ולערב ישפשף לערב מאי דהוה הוה אלא אימא מבערב ישפשף (קא סבר מצוה לשפשף)

Our Rabbis taught: One who experiences a pollution on the Day of Atonement should go down and immerse himself and in the evening he should rub himself off properly.' In the evening'?

תני תנא קמיה דרב נחמן הרואה קרי ביוה"כ עונותיו מחולין לו והתניא עונותיו סדורין מאי סדורין סדורין לימחל

What is passed,is it not passed?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How can a later action influence something completed before?');">¹¹</span> Rather say: He should rub himself off on the eve before!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that his body be sufficiently clean, and in the case of a pollution the immersion will touch every part of his body. An immersion is ritually effective only if the waters reach unimpeded the whole surface of the body.');">¹²</span>

תנא דבי רבי ישמעאל הרואה קרי ביוה"כ ידאג כל השנה כולה ואם עלתה לו שנה מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא אמר רב נחמן בר יצחק תדע שכל העולם כולו רעב והוא שבע כי אתא רב דימי אמר מפיש חיי סגי ומסגי

He holds it is obligatory to rub oneself off. A tanna<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. s.v. (b) .');">¹³</span>

<br><br><big><strong>הדרן עלך יום הכפורים וסליקא לה מסכת יומא</strong></big><br><br>

recited before R'Nahman: To one who experienced a pollution on the Day of Atonement, all sins will be forgiven. But it was taught: All his sins will be arranged before him? - What does 'arranged' mean? Arranged to be forgiven. In the School of R'Ishmael it was taught: One who experienced a [night-] pollution on the Day of Atonement, let him be anxious throughout the year, and if he survives the year, he is assured of being a child of the world to come. R'Nahman B'Isaac said: You may know it [from the fact that] all the world is hungry, and he is satisfied. When R'Dimi came, he said: He will live long, thrive and beget many children.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His experience indicates that his seed will multiply. ');">¹⁴</span>