Yoma 37

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תנא ללמדו חפינה אמר רב פפא שתי לשכות היו לו לכ"ג אחת לשכת פרהדרין ואחת לשכת בית אבטינס אחת בצפון ואחת בדרום אחת בצפון דתנן ו' לשכות היו בעזרה ג' בצפון וג' בדרום

<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>A Tanna taught: To teach him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The high priest, in that chamber.');">¹</span> the manipulation of hafinah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The taking of handfuls of incense.');">²</span> R'Papa said: The high priest had two cells.

שבדרום לשכת המלח לשכת הפרוה לשכת המדיחין לשכת המלח ששם היו נותנין מלח לקרבן לשכת הפרוה ששם היו מולחין עורות קדשים ועל גגה היתה בית טבילה לכ"ג ביוה"כ לשכת המדיחין שם היו מדיחין קרבי קדשים ומשם מסיבה עולה לגג בית הפרוה

One, the Cell of the Counsellors,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where he slept.');">³</span> the other, the Cell of the House of Abtinas;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where he would learn hafinah.');">⁴</span> one to the north, the other to the south.'

ג' שבצפון לשכת העץ לשכת הגולה לשכת הגזית לשכת העץ אמר ר' אליעזר בן יעקב שכחתי מה היתה משמשת אבא שאול אומר לשכת כ"ג היתה אחורי שתיהן וגג שלשתן שוה

One to the north', as we have learnt: Six cells were in the Temple Court, three to the north, three to the south.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Mid. V, 3.');">⁵</span> Those to the north were the Cell of the Salt, the Cell of Parwah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Named after a Persian builder of that name.');">⁶</span> the Rinsing Cell.

לשכת הגולה שם היה בור הגולה והגלגל נתון עליו ומשם מספיקין מים לכל העזרה לשכת הגזית שם היה סנהדרין של ישראל יושבת ודנה את הכהנים ומי שנמצא בו פסול היה לובש שחורים ומתעטף שחורים ויצא והלך לו ושלא נמצא בו פסול היה לובש לבנים ומתעטף לבנים ונכנס ומשמש עם אחיו הכהנים

Into the Cell of the Salt the salt for the sacrifice was put; 'The Cell of Parwah', there the hides of the animal-offerings were salted and on its roof was the place of immersion for the high priest on the Day of Atonement; 'The Rinsing Cell': there the inwards of the animal-offerings were rinsed and an incline led from it to the roof of the Parwah Cell. The three to the north were: The Wood-Cell, the Exile Cell,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [So called because it was constructed by the returned exiles from Babylon.]');">⁷</span> and the Cell of Hewn Stone.

אחת בדרום דתנן שבעה שערים היו בעזרה ג' בצפון וג' בדרום ואחד במזרח שבדרום שער הדלקה שני לו שער הקרבן שלישי לו שער המים שבמזרח שער נקנור ושתי לשכות היו שם אחת בימינו ואחת בשמאלו אחת לשכת פנחס המלבש ואחת לשכת עושי חביתין

Concerning the Wood-Cell R'Eliezer B'Jacob said: I have forgotten what it was used for, but Abba Saul said: It was the Cell of the high priest and it lay behind the two and the roof of all the three was o the same height.' The Exile Cell'; there was the Exile cistern, and a wheel was placed above it and from there they drew water for the whole Temple Court.' The Cell of Hewn Stone'; there the Sanhedrin of Israel was sitting and judging the priests and whosoever was found unfit would put on a black dress and wrap himself in black, go out and go his way.

שבצפון שער ניצוץ בנין אכסדרה היה ועלייה בנויה לו על גביו ושם כהנים שומרים מלמעלה ולוים מלמטה ושלפנים הימנו החיל שני לו שער הקרבן שלישי לו שער בית המוקד

And one in whom no blemish was found would put on a white garment, wrap himself in white, enter the Sanctuary and officiate with his brethren.' One cell was to the south', as we have learnt:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Mid. I, 4.');">⁸</span> There were seven gates in the Temple Court, three to the north, three to the south and one to the east.

ותניא חמש טבילות ועשרה קדושין טובל כ"ג ומקדש בו ביום וכולן בקודש [על גג] בית הפרוה חוץ מזו שהיתה בחול על גבי שער המים ובצד לשכתו היתה

To the south: The Gate of Kindling, next to it the Gate of the Firstlings, the third being the Gate of the Water.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Into which a bottle of water was brought for the water libation on the Sukkoth festival, v. Shek. 9a.');">⁹</span> To the east the Nicanor Gate,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Named after its designer or donor.');">¹⁰</span> beside which were two cells, one to the right and the other to the left; the former the Cell of Phinehas, the keeper of the garments and the latter the Cell of the Makers of the Griddle Cakes.

ולא ידענא אי לשכת פרהדרין בצפון ולשכת בית אבטינס בדרום או לשכת בית אבטינס בצפון ולשכת פרהדרין בדרום ומסתברא דלשכת פרהדרין בדרום הואי

To the north: The Gate of the Spark:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A perpetual flame was kept up in its upper chamber to rekindle the fire in the Cell of the Fire-place.');">¹¹</span> it was a kind of portico with an upper chamber built on top of it, and the priests kept watch above and the Levites below. It had a doorway to the Hel;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra p. 72, n. 4.');">¹²</span>

מאי טעמא מקדים קאי ומיסך את רגליו וטביל ואזיל לצפון יגמר. חפינה ואתי לבית המקדש ועביד עבודה כולי יומא לבהדי פניא מדו עליה והדר אזיל לדרום וטביל ונייח

next to it was the Gate of the offering<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Animals destined for most holy sacrifices were brought there, because they had to be slaughtered on the north side of the altar.');">¹³</span> and the third was the Gate of the Cell of the Fireplace. And it was further taught: The high priest immersed himself five times and performed ten sanctifications<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Washing his hands and feet; that is the traditional interpretation of Lev. XVI, 24.');">¹⁴</span>

דאי אמרת לשכת פרהדרין בצפון מקדים קאי ומיסך רגליו ואזיל לדרום וטביל וגמר חפינה ואתי לבית המקדש ועביד עבודה כוליה יומא להדי פניא מדו עליה והדר אזיל לדרום וטביל ובעי מהדר ומיזל לצפון ומינח ומי טרח מטרחינן ליה כולי האי

on that day, all of them on holy ground on the roof of the Parwah house, with the exception of this one,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The first immersion, obligatory on any day, to anyone desiring to enter the Temple, v. infra 30b.');">¹⁵</span> which was on profane ground, on top of the Gate<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. infra 30a. This proves R. Papa's statement that the high priest had a private cell on the south side where the Water Gate was situated.');">¹⁶</span> which latter was beside his own cell.

אלמה לא מטרחינן ליה טפי דאי צדוקי הוא ליפרוש

But, [continues R'Papa], I do not know whether the Cell of the Counsellors was to the north and the Cell of the house of Abtinas to the south, or the Cell of the house of Abtinas to the north and the Cell of the Counsellors to the south. But it could be proven that the Counsellors' Cell was to the south. How?

אי נמי שלא תזוח דעתו עליו דאי לא תימא הכי נעבדינהו לתרוייהו בהדי הדדי אי נמי תסגי ליה בחדא

He would get up,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Every morning of the seven days.');">¹⁷</span> relieve nature, immerse himself,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Assuming that the Counsellor's Cell where he slept was in the south, all this would take place in the south. The place for the first immersion was as first stated on top of the Water Gate which was no the south.]');">¹⁸</span> turn northward to learn his hafinah practice,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [That is in the cell of Abtinas.]');">¹⁹</span>

ואמרו לו אישי כהן גדול וכו' לימא תהוי תיובתא דרב הונא בריה דרב יהושע דאמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע הני כהני שלוחי דרחמנא נינהו דאי אמרת שלוחי דידן נינהו

enter the Sanctuary and officiate all day at the service; towards evening he would be sprinkled,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The sprinkling made the clean unclean, hence the necessity of immediate immersion so as to fit him for to-morrow's service.');">²⁰</span> return southward, immerse himself<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 4b.');">²¹</span> and rest. But if you were to say that the Counsellors' Cell is to the north, he would then get up, relieve nature,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [This would, on this assumption, take place in the north.]');">²²</span> turn to the south, immerse himself and learn the hafinah, enter the Sanctuary, perform the service all day, be sprinkled towards evening, return to the south and immerse himself, and then he would have to turn and go to the north to rest. Would we trouble him so much?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence it seemed reasonable to assume that the Counsellors' Cell lay to the south.');">²³</span> Why should we not put him to much trouble so that if he be a Sadducee, he will give up; or in order that he become not too overbearing; for if you do not say so, let us place the two [cells] next to each other; or, let one be enough for him. THEY SAID TO HIM: SIR HIGH PRIEST etc. Shall we say that this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Our Mishnah, according to which he is addressed as 'Our Messenger'.');">²⁴</span> will be a refutation of R'Huna, the son of R'Joshua, for R'Huna, the son of R'Joshua said: These priests are messengers of the All Merciful God. For if you were to say they are our own messengers,