Zevachim 136

תורין שלא הגיע זמנן ובני יונה שעבר זמנן שיבשה גפה שניסמית עינה ושנקטעה רגלה מטמא בבית הבליעה

OR [IF HE SACRIFICED] TURTLE-DOVES BEFORE THEIR TIME OR PIGEONS AFTER THEIR TIME;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Only fully grown turtle-doves or young pigeons might be sacrificed. Otherwise they are not eligible, and therefore it is as though he nipped hullin.');">¹</span>

זה הכלל כל שפסולו בקודש אינו מטמא בבית הבליעה לא היה פסולו בקודש מטמא בבית הבליעה:

[OR A BIRD] WHOSE WING WAS WITHERED, [OR] BLIND IN THE EYE.

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב שמאל ולילה אין מטמאין בבית הבליעה זר וסכין מטמאין בבית הבליעה

[OR] WHOSE FOOT WAS CUT OFF, - [ALL THESE] DEFILE IN THE GULLET.

מאי שנא שמאל דאית ליה הכשירה ביוה"כ ולילה אית ליה הכשירה באיברים ופדרים זר נמי אית ליה הכשירה בשחיטה שחיטה לאו עבודה היא

THIS IS THE GENERAL RULE: ALL WHOSE UNFITNESS [AROSE] IN THE SANCTUARY<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Birds which were brought to the Temple court fit, and there became unfit.');">²</span>

ולא והא"ר זירא שחיטת פרה בזר פסולה ומחוי רב עלה אלעזר וחוקה

DO NOT DEFILE IN THE GULLET; IF THEIR UNFITNESS DID NOT ARISE IN THE SANCTUARY, THEY DEFILE IN THE GULLET.

שאני פרה דקדשי בדק הבית היא

<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Rab said: [If they were nipped with] the left [hand] or at night, they do not defile in the gullet; [by] a zar or [with] a knife, they do defile in the gullet.

ולא כל דכן הוא קדשי בדק הבית בעו כהונה קדשי מזבח מיבעיא

Why is the left [hand] different; [presumably] becau it is fit on the Day of Atonement; and likewise night is fit in respect of [the burning of] the limbs and the fats;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Day of Atonement the spoon containing incense was taken with the left hand. The limbs and fats of sacrifices were burnt at night. Thus in two instances the left hand and night are fit for service, and presumably for that reason he rules that even in the present case, though they are not fit, they free them from uncleanness.');">³</span>

אמר רב שישא בריה דרב אידי מידי דהוה אמראות נגעים דלאו עבודה היא ובעיא כהונה

then surely a zar too is fit for shechitah?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' An animal sacrifice might be slaughtered by a zar.');">⁴</span>

ונילף מבמה

- Shechitah is not a [sacrificial] rite.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whereas the taking of the spoon and the burning of the limbs are sacrificial rites.');">⁵</span>

מבמה לא יליף

Is it not?

ולא והתניא מנין ליוצא שאם עלה לא ירד שהרי יוצא כשר בבמה

Surely R'Zera said: Shechitah of the [red] heifer by a zar is invalid, and Rab observed thereon: [The reason is because] 'Eleazar' and 'statute' [are written in connection with it]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Num. XIX, 2.');">⁶</span>

תנא (ויקרא ו, ב) אזאת תורת העולה סמיך ליה

- The [red] heifer is different, because it is of th holy things of the Temple repair.

ורבי יוחנן אמר זר אין מטמא אבית הבליעה סכין מטמא אבית הבליעה

Does it not then follow a fortiori; if the holy things of the Temple repair require priesthood, surely the holy objects dedicated to the altar require priesthood? - Said R'Shisha the son of R'Idi: Let it be analogous to the inspection of [leprous] plagues, which is not a rite, and yet requires priesthood.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For notes v. supra 14b.');">⁷</span>

תנן כל הפסולין שמלקו מליקתן פסולה בשלמא לר' יוחנן כל לאיתויי זר אלא לרב כל לאיתויי מאי

But let us learn it from the high places?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where a zar might perform melikah (v. infra 113a) . By the same reasoning melikah by a zar even in the Temple should free the bird from defilement.');">⁸</span>

לאו לאיתויי שמאל ולילה שמאל ולילה בהדיא קתני תני והדר מפרש

- One cannot learn from the high places.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because by comparison with the Temple they were non-sacred.');">⁹</span>

תא שמע זה הכלל כל שהיה פסולו בקודש אינו מטמא בגדים אבית הבליעה בשלמא לרבי יוחנן כל לאיתויי זר אלא לרב לאיתויי מאי

Can one not? Surely it was taught: How do we know that if [flesh] which went out ascended [the altar], it does not descend? Because [flesh that] goes out is fit at the high places! - The Tanna relies on the text, This is the la of the burnt-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VI, 2. For notes v. supra 51a. He does not really learn it from the high places at all.');">¹⁰</span> But R'Johanan maintained: [If a] zar [performed melikah] it does not defile in the gullet; [if melikah was done with] a knife, it does defile in the gullet. We learnt: [IN REGARD TO] ALL UNFIT PERSONS WHO PERFORMED MELIKAH, THE MELIKAH IS INVALID. As for R'Johanan, it is well: ALL includes a zar;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is a general principle that 'all' is an extension.');">¹¹</span> but according to Rab, what does ALL include? - It is surely to include [melikah with] the left [hand] and [at] night. [But] the left [hand] and night are explicitly taught? - He [the Tanna] teaches and then explains.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' First he states the law in general, and then he explains who are meant in the word ALL.');">¹²</span> Come and hear: THIS IS THE GENERAL RULE: ALL WHOSE UNFITNESS [AROSE] IN THE SANCTUARY DO NOT DEFILE GARMENTS [WHEN THE FLESH OF THE BIRD IS] IN THE GULLET.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Garments' is absent in the MISHNAH:');">¹³</span> As for R'Johanan, it is well: ALL includes a zar. But according to Rab, what does it include?